Immunity

Immunity Evidence Ranking

Within this category, verdicts with higher evidence scores appear first. Verdicts without a score stay lower in the same list.

• B 60 Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) x Reduction of common-cold symptoms and duration
  Symptom relief is B on the independent meta-analysis, while duration is C because of extreme heterogeneity and a day-3-only signal; the overall gra... · View verdict →
• C 56 Reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum/Reishi; beta-1,3/1,6-D-glucan and polysaccharides) x Immune function
  Human RCTs moved immune-cell surrogate markers, but direct clinical endpoints such as infection reduction or cancer survival have not been proven,... · View verdict →
• C 56 Colostrum (mainly bovine colostrum) x immunity and gut
  Reduction of upper-respiratory-infection symptoms is positive in small RCT meta-analyses, but broad general 'immune and gut health' claims broadly... · View verdict →
• C 56 Yeast/mushroom beta-glucan x Immunity
  There are upper-respiratory-infection symptom signals, but raw-material heterogeneity, industry funding, and scope issues make this C. · View verdict →
• C 55 Zinc x immunity and common cold
  Evidence for deficiency correction and high-dose lozenges shortening cold duration cannot be extended to cold prevention or immune strengthening by... · View verdict →
• C 55 Lactoferrin x Immune function, iron, and gut health
  Iron-anemia studies are relatively strong, but the bundled immune-iron-gut consumer claim lacks adult clinical consistency, standalone evidence, an... · View verdict →
• C 53 Elderberry (elderberry, Sambucus nigra) x Colds, influenza, and immunity
  There is a symptom-relief signal, but study size, independence, and the scope of claims are limited. · View verdict →
• C 52 Propolis x immunity/oral: general immune-function/cold-prevention claims and oral antibacterial/gum/plaque claims evaluated separately
  The core gap is whether short-term oral-indicator signals from formulations directly contacting the mouth can be expanded to immune strengthening o... · View verdict →
• C 50 Fucoidan (sulfated polysaccharides from brown algae such as sea mustard and kelp) x immune and anticancer claims
  Human RCTs exist, but positive signals are centered on surrogate or auxiliary endpoints such as NK activity, DCR, QOL, and fatigue, and there is no... · View verdict →
• C 50 EpiCor dried yeast fermentate x Reduction of cold and flu-like symptoms and immune support
  The evidence is product-specific, small, and industry-linked, and it mixes self-reported symptoms and immune surrogates rather than confirmed infec... · View verdict →
• C 49 AHCC (active hexose correlated compound; shiitake mycelial extract) x Immunity
  There are human signals, but general immunity claims do not go beyond surrogate markers and small product studies. · View verdict →
• C 48 Quercetin x Allergy, antioxidant, and immune effects
  Allergy-symptom RCT signals exist, but they are small and formulation-specific; antioxidant evidence is surrogate-marker based and a large immune/c... · View verdict →
• C 48 Pelargonium sidoides (EPs 7630) x Improvement of acute common-cold and bronchitis symptoms and recovery time
  Repeated placebo-controlled positives make D too low, but low certainty and null independent co-primary endpoints preclude B, resulting in C with 4... · View verdict →
• C 46 Selenium x Antioxidant and immune function
  Selenium supplementation can move some antioxidant and immune surrogate markers in people with low selenium status, but consistent independent RCT... · View verdict →
• C 45 Larch arabinogalactan x Reduction of colds and upper respiratory infections and immune enhancement
  A small clinical signal and surrogate findings such as prebiotic or vaccine-antibody changes should not be combined into established prevention of... · View verdict →
• C 42 Spirulina and chlorella x Detoxification and immunity
  For detoxification, the evidence relies on specific toxic exposures and body-concentration surrogate markers; for immunity, it relies on NK/cytokin... · View verdict →
• C 42 Chaga mushroom (Chaga, Inonotus obliquus/Fuscoporia obliqua) x Immune-function enhancement and anticancer/cancer-prevention or adjunct claims
  For anticancer claims there is no human cancer clinical evidence, and immune evidence is mainly small, surrogate-marker, and manufacturer-report ba... · View verdict →
• C 42 Astragalus membranaceus extract x Immune enhancement and infection prevention
  The existence of a human immune-surrogate trial is not proof of a clinical infection-prevention outcome. · View verdict →
• C 41 Shiitake mushroom (lentinan, Lentinula edodes/lentinan) x Immunity, anticancer
  Immunity is based on surrogate markers, and anticancer evidence is in an adjunctive-therapy context, so this is C or lower, at the lower end of C. · View verdict →
• D 38 Echinacea (echinacea) x Cold prevention and treatment
  Cochrane summarized the prevention signal as small and the treatment effect as unclear, and large independent RCTs did not produce clear differences. · View verdict →
• D 34 Mistletoe (Viscum album) x Immunity, blood pressure, and anticancer effects (adjunctive therapy)
  Anticancer survival and blood-pressure claims have not been confirmed, and the quality-of-life signal also has major methodological controversy, so... · View verdict →
• F 12 High-dose vitamin C (megadose; ascorbic acid, oral/IV separated) x cold prevention and anticancer claims (cold occurrence prevention, cold treatment/duration shortening, cancer prevention, cancer treatment/adjuvant therapy separated by efficacy)
  When oral megadose, high-dose IV, cell experiments, and special cold/exercise subgroups are separated, the core clinical endpoints for general cold... · View verdict →
• C score not listed Red ginseng (ginsenosides) x immune enhancement
  The evidence is conflicting or limited. · View verdict →
• C score not listed Vitamin D x immunity and prevention of acute respiratory infections
  The evidence is conflicting or limited. · View verdict →