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APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-08-02). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 3 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.6.
Verdict No. 1952 · Search date 2026-08-02 · Methodology v0.6

Whole spinach soup,
does it really help with Lower blood pressure?

30-Second Summary
D
Evidence Grade D · 28 · Safety acceptable
A single post-meal blood-pressure signal from spinach soup was not replicated as sustained lowering or hypertension treatment
Mild bloating was reported by four participants in the high-nitrate spinach condition and five in the low-nitrate control condition, with no significant between-condition difference (p>0.05). People requiring stable vitamin K intake with anticoagulants or those at high kidney-stone risk should discuss very large spinach intakes with a clinician.
What the
research shows
The grade is D. In a 27-completer trial, the prespecified primary arterial-stiffness endpoint failed between groups on day 7, and fasting blood pressure did not change. Positive blood-pressure findings appeared only at 180 minutes after the meal as secondary outcomes. Independent seven-day and four-week whole-leafy-vegetable trials were null. Pooled precision excluding meaningful benefit was not available, giving 28 points.
What the
ads claim
A small change at one post-meal time point cannot become a claim that spinach treats hypertension. This verdict concerns the food itself, not thylakoid extract.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • The test meal was a 556-g (500-mL) soup made with 250 g spinach, 260 g low-sodium chicken broth, 65 g onion, and 0.5 g pepper. It provided 845 mg nitrate, about 7 to 14 times the authors' stated average nitrate intake of 60 to 120 mg/day.
  • The paper and registry counts do not agree, so the randomized count cannot be established: the paper gives a recruitment plan of 30 with 27 completers and three withdrawals, while the registry lists actual enrollment of 31.
  • The comparator contained 250 g asparagus; the authors acknowledged that it may have acted as a positive vascular control.
  • The registry title says double-blind, while the publication describes the trial as single-blinded.
  • Donguibogam, Shiliao Bencao, and Bencao Gangmu warned that heavy or prolonged spinach intake weakens the legs and causes back pain; Culpeper wrote that he had read of no medicinal virtue for it.
  • Verdict 025 is C with no score assigned for appetite effects of spinach thylakoid extract. This is a different whole-food and blood-pressure question.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 1952 · D 28
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
01

What the research actually shows

Jovanovski and colleagues compared a 556-g (500-mL) soup containing 250 g spinach, 260 g low-sodium chicken broth, 65 g onion, and 0.5 g pepper with low-nitrate asparagus soup for seven days each in a crossover trial. The paper reports a recruitment plan of 30, 27 completers, and three withdrawals, while registry NCT01604993 reports actual enrollment of 31; because the abstract's 27 randomly assigned is conflated with the completer count, the randomized count cannot be established. Completers had a mean age of 24.5 years and baseline blood pressure of 116/69 mmHg. The primary AI75 endpoint differed at 180 minutes on day 1 but failed on day 7 (-2.28+/-12.5%, p=0.35). Blood pressure was secondary. Day-1 between-treatment p values were 0.12 for central and 0.45 for brachial systolic pressure, and fasting pressure after seven days was unchanged. Only day-7 180-minute changes were positive: central systolic -3.39+/-5.6 mmHg (p=0.004) and brachial systolic -3.48+/-7.4 mmHg (p=0.022). No 95% confidence intervals were reported. Mild bloating was reported by four participants in the high-nitrate spinach condition and five in the low-nitrate control condition, with p>0.05 between conditions. A 38-person seven-day whole-leafy-vegetable trial in 2014 and a 30-person four-week trial in 2018 were null, as was a separate 2020 randomized leafy-green trial for 24-hour systolic pressure.

02

Why this is classified as D (28)

Whole-leafy-food trials repeatedly failed to lower sustained blood pressure, but pooled confidence limits were unavailable, giving D with 28 points rather than the lowest grade.

Counterpoint. The day-7, 180-minute systolic-pressure changes are acknowledged but cannot establish treatment benefit.

Rejudgment record. Cross-check applied — The prespecified primary endpoint failed, analysis used completers, the positive signal was a secondary post-meal time point in normotensive adults, and independent whole-leafy-vegetable trials were null

Scoring profile behind this grade
EndpointSSurrogate marker - laboratory or imaging measures
ReplicationRXRepeatedly refuted in the same indication
IndependenceI2Decisive evidence is publicly or non-profit funded
Effect sizeE0Null
PrecisionCXNo pooled confidence interval could be confirmed

The scoring table and the verdict agree (D).

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Lower systolic pressure 180 minutes after the meal on day 7CA secondary time-point result from a small completer analysis.
Lower fasting blood pressure after seven daysDFasting baseline blood pressure did not change.
Sustained lowering in people with hypertensionDThe direct trial enrolled normotensive adults, and longer independent leafy-vegetable trials were null.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Study 1Single-blind randomized crossover trial31Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute internal fund and undergraduate research scholarshipPrimary AI75; secondary central and brachial blood pressureDay-7 AI75 -2.28+/-12.5%, p=0.35; 180-minute central SBP -3.39+/-5.6 and brachial SBP -3.48+/-7.4 mmHgDirect spinach trial with failed primary endpoint and completer analysis
Study 2Four-week randomized crossover whole-vegetable trial30Academic and public investigators24-hour ambulatory, home, and clinic blood pressureSystolic blood pressure: ambulatory p=0.20, home p=0.36, clinic p=0.49Independent, longer, directly relevant null replication
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Receipt — 3 References

All 3 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-08-02).

Jovanovski E, Bosco L, Khan K, et al. Effect of Spinach, a High Dietary Nitrate Source, on Arterial Stiffness and Related Hemodynamic Measures. Clin Nutr Res. 2015;4(3):160-167. DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2015.4.3.160.
checked
Blekkenhorst LC, Lewis JR, Prince RL, et al. Nitrate-rich vegetables do not lower blood pressure in individuals with mildly elevated blood pressure. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;107(6):894-908. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy061.
checked
Bondonno CP, Liu AH, Croft KD, et al. Short-term effects of nitrate-rich green leafy vegetables on blood pressure and arterial stiffness. Free Radic Biol Med. 2014;77:353-362. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.09.021.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-08-02 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Whole spinach soup x lower blood pressure Evidence Grade D card
[Chamgap] Whole spinach soup x lower blood pressure — Evidence Grade D·28. 3 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/heart/whole-spinach-soup-blood-pressure/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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What this document does and does not do

Chamgap is an information source. It reports what research has and has not confirmed; it does not tell readers what to take or buy. That decision belongs to readers and, when needed, medical or legal professionals. This verdict reflects literature available up to the search date and may change as new research appears. Nothing here is medical advice.