CHAMGAP
APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-08-04). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 4 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.6.
Verdict No. 2154 · Search date 2026-08-04 · Methodology v0.6

Grapefruit juice with felodipine,
does it really help with A clinically important increase in felodipine exposure?

30-Second Summary
C
Evidence Grade C · 48 · Safety caution
Grapefruit juice has a real interaction with felodipine, though the evidence centers on pharmacokinetics
People taking felodipine should avoid grapefruit juice and consult their prescriber or pharmacist because hypotension, tachycardia, headache, and flushing can increase. Interaction risk differs by medication.
What the
research shows
The grade is C. Randomized crossover studies in healthy volunteers found that grapefruit juice with felodipine 10 mg increased AUC roughly two- to threefold, and a 14-day study found greater heart-rate and diastolic-pressure effects plus more vasodilation-related adverse events. This is a real food-drug restriction, but evidence centers on small pharmacokinetic and short-term hemodynamic studies, giving C with 48 points.
What the
ads claim
Intestinal CYP3A4 inhibition is a physiological fact, and the human two- to threefold felodipine exposure increase is real. That does not mean every user will have a major clinical event.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • Studies used felodipine ER 10 mg with about 200-250 mL grapefruit juice.
  • Median AUC was 110 nmol·h/L with regular grapefruit juice, 54 with orange juice, and 48 with furanocoumarin-depleted juice.
  • Current labeling states that grapefruit juice can more than double felodipine AUC and peak concentration.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 2154 · C 48
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
01

What the research actually shows

Bailey et al. used a randomized four-way crossover comparison of felodipine ER 10 mg with water, 250 mL juice, segments, or peel-region extract and reported about threefold AUC with all grapefruit conditions. In 18 participants, Paine et al. found median AUC 110 nmol·h/L with regular juice, 54 with orange juice, and 48 after about 99% furanocoumarin removal. A 12-man 14-day crossover study reported AUC +73% on day one and +57% on day 14, with greater heart-rate and diastolic-pressure effects and more vasodilation-related adverse events. Funding could not be confirmed across all trials, so independent replication was not assigned.

02

Why this is classified as C (48)

The exposure increase is large and short-term hemodynamic and adverse-event intensification was observed, but the evidence remains small and surrogate-centered, giving C with 48 points.

Counterpoint. A gap of only a few hours may not avoid the interaction; effects on AUC persisted at ten hours and peak concentration changes were reported at 24 hours.

Rejudgment record. Cross-check applied — Repeated two- to threefold pharmacokinetic exposure increases in small randomized crossover studies, with short-term hemodynamic and adverse-event intensification

Scoring profile behind this grade
EndpointSSurrogate marker - laboratory or imaging measures
ReplicationR1Single confirmatory trial
IndependenceI1Mixed funding sources
Effect sizeE+Meets the clinically important threshold

The scoring table and the verdict agree (C).

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Approximately two- to threefold higher felodipine AUCCMultiple crossover studies confirmed a large increase.
Major clinical events in every user?No direct comparison measured events such as hospitalization or syncope.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Study 1Randomized four-way crossover pharmacokinetic studyIndexed as non-US government support; specific source not confirmedFelodipine AUC and peak concentrationJuice, segments, and peel-region extract each produced about threefold mean AUC versus waterPivotal pharmacokinetic evidence
Study 2Randomized crossover pharmacokinetic study18Not confirmed in the public material reviewedAUC after furanocoumarin removalMedian AUC 110 with regular grapefruit, 54 with orange, and 48 nmol·h/L with depleted juiceActive-constituent and replication support
Study 314-day randomized crossover coadministration trial12Not confirmed in the public material reviewedAUC, blood pressure, heart rate, and adverse eventsAUC +73% on day one and +57% on day 14, with greater hemodynamic effects and vasodilation-related adverse eventsShort-term clinical-link evidence
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Receipt — 4 References

All 4 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-08-04).

Bailey DG, Dresser GK, Kreeft JH, et al. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000;68:468-477. PMID: 11103749. DOI: 10.1067/mcp.2000.110774.
checked
Paine MF, Widmer WW, Hart HL, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:1097-1105. PMID: 16685052. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/83.5.1097.
checked
Lundahl J, Regårdh CG, Edgar B, Johnsson G. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1998;54:75-81. PMID: 9591935. DOI: 10.1007/s002280050424.
checked
DailyMed. Felodipine extended-release tablets, current prescribing information.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-08-04 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Grapefruit juice with felodipine x increased drug exposure Evidence Grade C card
[Chamgap] Grapefruit juice with felodipine x increased drug exposure — Evidence Grade C·48. 4 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/heart/grapefruit-juice-felodipine-exposure-interaction/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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What this document does and does not do

Chamgap is an information source. It reports what research has and has not confirmed; it does not tell readers what to take or buy. That decision belongs to readers and, when needed, medical or legal professionals. This verdict reflects literature available up to the search date and may change as new research appears. Nothing here is medical advice.