CHAMGAP
APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-08-14). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 2 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.7.
Verdict No. 2549 · Search date 2026-08-14 · Methodology v0.7

Clean nonsterile gloves,
does it really help with No increase in post-repair wound infection versus sterile surgical gloves?

30-Second Summary
B
Evidence Grade B · 70 · Safety acceptable
Fresh clean nonsterile gloves did not increase infection compared with sterile gloves during uncomplicated clean wound repair.
Do not extrapolate to complex or contaminated wounds, flaps or grafts, or immunocompromised patients. Hand hygiene, skin preparation, sterile instruments, and standard infection-control procedures remain necessary regardless of glove type.
What the
research shows
The grade is B. In an 816-participant emergency-department laceration trial, infection was 4.4% with clean gloves versus 6.1% with sterile gloves; the sterile-to-clean RR was 1.37 (95% CI 0.75 to 2.52). A general-practice minor-excision trial randomized 493 and analyzed 478, finding 8.7% versus 9.3%, difference -0.6 points (95% CI -4.0 to 2.9), within a prespecified 7-point noninferiority margin. Wound types differ, but direct evidence supports no infection increase, giving B with 70 points.
What the
ads claim
Clean gloves do not replace hand hygiene, skin preparation, sterile instruments, standard closure, or follow-up. A fresh boxed glove in standardized minor surgery is not evidence for abandoning asepsis in contaminated or complex wounds.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • Heal used fresh clean nonsterile boxed gloves while standardizing the rest of the procedure.
  • The noninferiority margin was a seven-point absolute infection difference; the observed 95% CI was -4.0 to +2.9 points.
  • Flaps, sebaceous cysts, immunosuppressive drugs, and current oral antibiotics were excluded from Heal.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 2549 · B 70
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
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What the research actually shows

Perelman multicenter-randomized 816 immunocompetent patients with uncomplicated lacerations and obtained follow-up in 98% of the sterile group and 96.6% of the clean group. No registration or complete funding text was confirmed. Heal used computer-generated numbers and opaque sealed envelopes for 493 participants, 250 versus 243. Infection assessors were masked, 478 (97.0%) contributed data, and per-protocol plus all-missing-as-infected or uninfected sensitivity analyses preserved noninferiority. The primary infection outcome and comparison matched ACTRN12612000698875.

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Why this is classified as B (70)

A 493-participant trial with a prespecified margin and masked infection assessment established noninferiority, supported by an 816-participant laceration trial; indication and estimand differences plus noninferiority design give B with 70 points.

Counterpoint. B does not mean all sterile technique is unnecessary. It narrowly changes glove sterility during clean minor skin closure.

Rejudgment record. Cross-check applied — We cross-checked wound types, randomized and analyzed denominators, follow-up, infection definitions, noninferiority margin, sensitivity analyses, and masking against both articles and the registry.

Scoring profile behind this grade
EndpointHHard endpoint - actual events such as death
ReplicationR1Single confirmatory trial
IndependenceI1Mixed funding sources
Effect sizeE+Meets the clinically important threshold

The scoring table and the verdict agree (B).

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Clean nonsterile gloves do not increase infection during uncomplicated laceration repair.BInfection was 4.4% versus 6.1% in an 816-participant trial.
Clean nonsterile gloves are noninferior within the prespecified margin for minor skin excision.BThe 95% CI upper bound of 2.9 points was below the seven-point margin.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Study 1Prospective multicenter randomized sterile-glove-controlled trial6Funding or acknowledgment text was not confirmedClinical wound infection after repairClean 4.4% (95% CI 2.4 to 6.4) versus sterile 6.1% (3.8 to 8.4); sterile-to-clean RR 1.37 (0.75 to 2.52)Large supportive uncomplicated-laceration evidence
Study 2Prospective single-center randomized noninferiority trial237Funding or acknowledgment text was not confirmedStandard-definition surgical-site infection within 30 days21/241 (8.7%) versus 22/237 (9.3%); difference -0.6 points (95% CI -4.0 to 2.9), prespecified margin 7 pointsDirect confirmatory noninferiority evidence meeting a prespecified margin
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Receipt — 2 References

All 2 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-08-14).

Perelman VS, Francis GJ, Rutledge T, Foote J, Martino F, Dranitsaris G. Sterile versus nonsterile gloves for repair of uncomplicated lacerations in the emergency department: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2004;43(3):362-370. PMID: 14985664. DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.09.008.
checked
Heal C, Sriharan S, Buttner PG, Kimber D. Comparing non-sterile to sterile gloves for minor surgery: a prospective randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. Med J Aust. 2015;202(1):27-31. PMID: 25588441. DOI: 10.5694/mja14.00314. ACTRN12612000698875.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-08-14 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Clean nonsterile gloves x infection after uncomplicated wound repair Evidence Grade B card
[Chamgap] Clean nonsterile gloves x infection after uncomplicated wound repair — Evidence Grade B·70. 2 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/skin-hair/clean-nonsterile-gloves-uncomplicated-wound-repair-infection/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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What this document does and does not do

Chamgap is an information source. It reports what research has and has not confirmed; it does not tell readers what to take or buy. That decision belongs to readers and, when needed, medical or legal professionals. This verdict reflects literature available up to the search date and may change as new research appears. Nothing here is medical advice.