CHAMGAP
APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-07-20). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 3 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.6.
Verdict No. 736 · Search date 2026-07-20 · Methodology v0.6

Stabilized oxaloacetate,
does it really help with Reduced physical and mental fatigue in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome?

30-Second Summary
C
Evidence Grade C · 41 · Safety unknown
A high-dose single randomized trial found a fatigue signal, but the main comparison and independent replication are weak and the result cannot be transferred to 100-mg products
What the
research shows
Stabilized oxaloacetate has a positive fatigue signal in ME/CFS but is rated C with 41 points. In an 82-person, single-center, double-blind trial, 2,000 mg/day for three months reduced the Chalder fatigue score by 27% from baseline, but the key continuous between-group comparison was p=0.057 and missed the conventional significance threshold. Responder and selected secondary analyses were positive, yet all efficacy outcomes were patient-reported fatigue scales, and the evidence remains affected by company sponsorship, a company-officer lead author, one center, and no independent replication. The twenty-fold gap between the trial dose and a common 100-mg/day retail product also prevents low-dose extrapolation.
What the
ads claim
Marketing extends a mitochondrial-energy rationale into restored daily function and assumes that a retail 100-mg product reproduces the fatigue result. The actual positive signal is limited to one stabilized formulation at 2,000 mg/day for three months and to patient-reported fatigue in mild-to-moderate ME/CFS.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • benaGene-type stabilized oxaloacetate is sold as a supplement or medical-food formulation designed to reduce the heat and moisture instability of ordinary oxaloacetate, and labeled amount and excipients can differ by product.
  • The pivotal ME/CFS randomized trial used a total of 2,000 mg/day, equivalent to four 500-mg capsules and twenty times a common 100-mg/day supplement label amount.
  • The study administered 1,000 mg with breakfast and 1,000 mg with lunch, but this does not establish a universal retail dosing instruction or long-term safety.
  • Evidence for post-exertional malaise, orthostatic intolerance, sleep disturbance, and functional disability is distinct from a fatigue-scale result, and the supplement does not replace diagnostic evaluation or symptom-specific care.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 736 · C 41
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
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What the research actually shows

Cash and colleagues' 2024 RESTORE ME trial assigned 82 adults with mild-to-moderate ME/CFS, 42 and 40 per group, to 1,000 mg twice daily or control. Chalder fatigue fell 27% from baseline in the oxaloacetate group and 32% among completers; greater-than-25% responders were 40.5% versus 20%. The key continuous between-group result was nevertheless p=0.057, and both fatigue instruments were patient-reported. The preceding 2022 study was open-label, nonrandomized, used a historical placebo estimate, and had the same company sponsor. A six-person pharmacokinetic study of 100-mg capsules did not show a consistent, clear rise in blood oxaloacetate, so it does not support low-dose extrapolation.

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Why this is classified as C (41)

The randomized double-blind signal and responder difference are accepted, but a p=0.057 key continuous comparison, patient-reported outcomes only, 82 participants at one center, sponsor and officer involvement, and no independent replication place the verdict at the bottom of C with 41 points. Low-dose extrapolation and safety remain separate from efficacy.

Counterpoint. Anyone considering use should recognize that the studied high dose may greatly increase cost and nausea or abdominal-pain risk and should discuss it with a clinician. A 100-mg product should not be assumed equivalent, and lack of benefit should not prompt unsupervised dose escalation.

Rejudgment record. New verdict — Accepted responder and secondary-analysis signals from the 82-person, single-center, company-sponsored double-blind trial, but applied rules ① and ②-b because the key continuous comparison was p=0.057, outcomes were patient-reported, independent replication is absent, and the 2,000-mg/day trial dose is twenty-fold above a common 100-mg/day retail dose

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Reduction of physical and mental fatigue in ME/CFSCAn 82-person high-dose trial had responder and secondary-analysis signals, but the key comparison was borderline and evidence is subjective, sponsor-concentrated, and unreplicated.
Equivalent fatigue improvement from a retail 100-mg/day product?The direct ME/CFS trial used 2,000 mg/day, and no efficacy trial of 100 mg/day was identified.
Independent multicenter reproducibility?Positive efficacy evidence is concentrated in the same commercial-development axis, with no independent multicenter replication.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
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Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Cash A et al. 2024 RESTORE MESingle-center randomized double-blind controlled trial40Sponsored by Terra Biological LLC; the lead author was an officer of the sponsorThree-month Chalder fatigue scale, RAND-36, and safetyFatigue fell 27% from baseline and responders were 40.5% versus 20%, but the key continuous between-group comparison was p=0.057.Key direct evidence with a borderline main result, subjective outcomes, and sponsor concentration
Cash A, Kaufman DL. 2022Open-label dose-escalation nonrandomized trial with historical placebo comparison43Sponsored by Terra Biological LLC; one author was a company officerSelf-reported Chalder physical and mental fatigueReported a high-dose fatigue-improvement signal without masking or a concurrent randomized control.Preliminary exploratory evidence at high risk of bias
Swerdlow RH et al. 2016Small open-label pharmacokinetic and tolerability study6Academic studyTolerability and blood pharmacokinetics of 100 mg twice dailyOne-month tolerability was acceptable, but the rise in blood oxaloacetate was not consistent or clear.Supportive low-dose extrapolation and safety evidence; not ME/CFS efficacy
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Receipt — 3 References

All 3 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-07-20).

Cash A, Vernon SD, Rond C, et al. RESTORE ME: a RCT of oxaloacetate for improving fatigue in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Front Neurol. 2024;15:1483876. PMID: 39664752. PMCID: PMC11632837. DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1483876.
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Cash A, Kaufman DL. Oxaloacetate Treatment For Mental And Physical Fatigue In ME/CFS and Long-COVID fatigue patients: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial. J Transl Med. 2022;20:295. PMID: 35764955. PMCID: PMC9238249. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03488-3.
checked
Swerdlow RH, Bothwell R, Hutfles L, Burns JM, Reed GA. Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of oxaloacetate 100 mg capsules in Alzheimer's subjects. BBA Clin. 2016;5:120-123. PMID: 27051598. PMCID: PMC4816034. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.03.005.
checked
Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-07-20 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Stabilized oxaloacetate x reduced physical and mental fatigue in ME/CFS Evidence Grade C card
[Chamgap] Stabilized oxaloacetate x reduced physical and mental fatigue in ME/CFS — Evidence Grade C·41. 3 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/energy/stabilized-oxaloacetate-me-cfs-physical-mental-fatigue/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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