Laughter Yoga for Perceived Stress—Improvement Signal With Unclear Prespecification and Controls

Required evidence, verification status and materials actually read
Item	AVerification status	BReading scope	CReview item	DCurrent findings	EWhy unverified	FRequired materials and conditions	GFurther research
1	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N01 · Evidence conditionWhich question is covered?Required	The selection is reduced perceived stress in nonclinical adults. The existing subclaim is retained; no new claim is created.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	The selected subclaim's population and outcome	Material needed: Individual content review and independent verification of the population and outcome boundaries remain incomplete. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
2	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N02 · Evidence conditionHow does selected grade C differ from the parent verdict?Required	Selected C includes positive trials alongside gaps in no-intervention controls, prespecification and blinding. Parent C50 and Unknown safety provide overall context, not a separate score or safety verdict for the selection.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict	Material needed: The selection has no separate score, status or assessment axes. No new grade or score is assigned. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
3	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N03 · Evidence conditionAre psychiatric nurses psychiatric patients?Required	The original populations are healthy students and nurses. Nurses working in psychiatric settings are not psychiatric patients. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria	Material needed: Report-specific diagnoses, exclusions, baseline stress, age, occupational distributions and applicability to other adults are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
4	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N04 · Evidence conditionIs laughter itself the same as the group program?Required	The program combines laughter, clapping, breathing, playful movements and group activity. It is not treated as a laughter-only effect. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Program components and actual participation	Material needed: Report-specific components, instructors, contact, expectations, adherence and each component's contribution are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
5	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N05 · Evidence conditionHow do no intervention and active social controls differ?Required	The key 70-person report compared a small-group program with no intervention. The original explanation identifies insufficient active social controls as a limitation. R01 R02 R03	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content	Material needed: Arm-specific attention, contact and expectations, control specifications in other reports and direct comparisons of laughter-specific effects are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
6	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N06 · Evidence conditionDo single and repeated programs show the same effect?Required	The original summary distinguishes a single exposure in 120 participants from 5 weeks or 8 sessions in samples of 75/83/70. The key program's 8 sessions of 30 minutes are original observation conditions. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up	Material needed: Exact report-specific schedules, observation windows, actual exposure, adherence, valid denominators and persistence after completion are unverified. These are not practice recommendations. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
7	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N07 · Evidence conditionWhat does the perceived-stress measure represent?Required	The key report covers PSS/GHQ/burnout after 8 sessions. The selected outcome is perceived stress; PSS statistics are kept separate from other measures. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores	Material needed: PSS version, range, direction, units, baseline and final scores, changes, aggregation, denominators and intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
8	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N08 · Evidence conditionAre other psychological measures also perceived stress?Required	PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being, self-efficacy and mental symptoms are separate outcomes. They are not combined into a single measure. R01 R02 R03	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure	Material needed: Measure versions, primary/secondary hierarchy, direct effects, denominators, intervals and links to clinical diagnoses are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
9	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N09 · Evidence conditionWhat does the PSS group-by-time statistic show?Required	The original result is PSS group-by-time F(1,68)=251.56, P<.001, partial eta-squared=.787. It is not converted into a direct score difference or a laughter-specific effect. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	The original statistic versus direct score differences	Material needed: Arm-specific scores and changes, adjusted between-arm differences and confidence intervals, models, variances, baseline and time windows are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
10	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N10 · Evidence conditionDoes complete participation establish every outcome denominator?Required	The original statement is that all 70 psychiatric nurses, 35 versus 35, completed. Statistical degrees of freedom and small-group arrangements are not used to calculate new denominators. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units	Material needed: Measure- and time-specific valid denominators, missingness, group/individual analysis units and correspondence with harms data are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
11	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N11 · Evidence conditionWhat limitation arises when the instructor is also the assessor?Required	The original record states that the researcher also served as laughter-yoga instructor and assessor. This is separate from declarations of no external funding or conflicts. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Role separation, blinding and data handling	Material needed: Assessment and recording blinding, role separation, expectation and attention controls, and data-handling procedures are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
12	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N12 · Evidence conditionWere concerns about conduct and registration dates verified?Required	The original record retains concerns about consistency between conduct and registration schedules and about prespecification. This is not a new external registration check. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments	Material needed: Exact conduct, registration and planning times, amendments, PSS hierarchy and consistency with original documents are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
13	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N13 · Evidence conditionAre the abstract's null statement and multivariate statistic the same test?Required	The original record retains both an abstract between-arm null statement and a main-text multivariate interaction F=10.69, P<.001. No new full-text comparison resolved the conflict. R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement	Material needed: The outcome, contrast and hierarchy of each test, individual PSS effects and confidence intervals, and multivariate models and denominators are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
14	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N14 · Evidence conditionWhat do the analyzed sample and retrospective registration establish?Required	The original notation is 83 nursing students analyzed, 41 versus 42, alongside retrospective-registration concerns. This is distinguished from allocated, completed and measure-specific data. R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing	Material needed: Total allocation and exclusions, arm- and measure-specific valid denominators, registration and planning times and amendments are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
15	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N15 · Evidence conditionAre mental-symptom results direct PSS results?Required	The Ozturk report describes positive mental-symptom results in 75 participants over 8 sessions and positive between-arm cortisol results in 3 of 8 sessions. These are not reassigned as direct selected perceived-stress values. R03	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results	Material needed: The mental-symptom instrument, existence of PSS measurement and individual effects, arm-, time- and session-specific denominators and plans are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
16	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N16 · Evidence conditionDo acute biomarkers establish a perceived-stress effect?Required	The Fujisawa report covers acute 3-arm cortisol/DHEA results in 120 healthy students. The original statements that video also changed and DHEA was null are retained. R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers	Material needed: Existence of perceived-stress measurement and results, arm-specific denominators, exact cortisol contrasts and confidence intervals, and single-exposure and time-of-day plans are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
17	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N17 · Evidence conditionAre changes with humorous video attributed to laughter yoga?Required	Humorous video is a separate intervention. Video-related changes are not converted into laughter-yoga-specific effects. R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct comparisons of different interventions	Material needed: Contributions of laughter, video, breathing, attention and social participation, and direct PSS contrasts are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
18	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N18 · Evidence conditionDoes cortisol substitute for perceived stress or treatment?Required	The original explanation separates salivary cortisol from perceived stress and retains gaps in consistency across sessions and trials. Cortisol is a separate subclaim. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions	Material needed: Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions, exact intervals and correspondence with the selected outcome are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
19	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N19 · Evidence conditionDo nonclinical results establish treatment of depression or anxiety disorders?Required	The original studies are not treatment trials in psychiatric patients. Nonclinical stress results are distinguished from disorder-treatment claims.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes	Material needed: Treatment, recovery and clinical events in diagnosed patients and their effects and intervals are outside this scope and unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
20	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N20 · Evidence conditionDoes a randomized-design label verify the procedure?Required	Original randomized-design labels are retained alongside no-intervention controls, lack of blinding and the small-group context. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures	Material needed: Sequence generation, allocation concealment and units, group and individual baseline balance, and selection and exclusion procedures are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
21	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N21 · Evidence conditionHow were self-report and assessor blinding handled?Required	Lack of blinding and combined instructor/assessor roles remain limitations when interpreting self-reported stress. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls	Material needed: Assessment, aggregation and analysis blinding, PSS recording instruction and missingness, expectation controls and consistent procedures are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
22	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N22 · Evidence conditionWere primary outcomes and multiple-analysis plans verified?Required	Unclear prespecification and retrospective-registration concerns are retained. A summary's primary-outcome label alone does not verify prespecification. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity	Material needed: Primary/secondary hierarchy for PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being and biomarkers, models, timing, multiplicity and planning times are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
23	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N23 · Evidence conditionWhat were baseline stress and other activities?Required	The studies used different student and nurse samples, and group and attention effects need separation. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment	Material needed: Baseline measures and status, arm-specific counseling, activities and treatment, confounding, adjustment and exposure changes are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
24	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N24 · Evidence conditionAre group-by-time, between-arm and multivariate results the same estimate?Required	PSS group-by-time, multivariate interactions and abstract between-arm statements are different analysis levels. No new direct effect is estimated. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models	Material needed: Analysis populations and units, covariates, measures and contrasts, baseline adjustment, arm-specific tables and intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
25	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N25 · Evidence conditionDo completion and analysis counts establish valid data for every measure?Required	All 70 completing and 83 analyzed are the respective original report labels. Total samples of 75 and 120 are not used as arm- or endpoint-specific valid denominators. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions	Material needed: Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness, follow-up loss, exclusions, imputation and sensitivity analyses are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
26	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N26 · Evidence conditionDoes a large statistic establish exact effects and clinical importance?Required	The original explanation retains large statistics alongside insufficient prespecified hierarchy and active social controls. The magnitude of a laughter-specific effect is not established. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds	Material needed: Exact direct score differences, confidence intervals, importance thresholds, variances, denominators and individual applicability are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
27	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N27 · Evidence conditionAre null, conflicting and mixed results retained?Required	The conflicting Yaş statements, mixed Ozturk session results and Fujisawa video changes and null DHEA result are retained and separated from selected PSS. R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Complete results and selective reporting	Material needed: Complete external texts, tests and models, selected outcomes and contrasts, and the extent of omissions and selective reporting are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
28	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N28 · Evidence conditionAre different samples, durations and controls pooled?Required	Populations, training, contact, duration and endpoints differ. No common pooled effect is newly calculated. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups	Material needed: Prespecified subgroups for the selected measure, direct differences, condition-specific intervals and models and all included data are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
29	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N29 · Evidence conditionDo short programs answer long-term questions for all adults?Required	Single-exposure, several-week and 8-session evidence is not extended to all adults, long-term stress or disorder treatment. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data	Material needed: Persistence after completion, long-term and specific populations, prespecified program- and baseline-specific differences and direct intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
30	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N30 · Evidence conditionIs the report count a total of independent trials or participants?Required	The 4 preserved reports are linked; the selected question, parent and cortisol subclaim share them. Original labels such as R1/I2 are not treated as new independence certification. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap	Material needed: Correspondence between registration, recruitment, groups and related reports, and unique trial, participant and event counts are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
31	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N31 · Evidence conditionDoes a registration identifier mean its content was checked now?Required	Original records of NCT07015372, NCT06175936, unable to verify, and UMIN000019409 are retained. UMIN was not relabeled as NCT and external content was not newly queried. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence	Material needed: Registration, amendment and planning times and correspondence with recruitment, endpoints and reports were not verified in this work. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
32	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N32 · Evidence conditionAre funding/conflict declarations the same as combined roles?Required	Bilgihan's declaration of no external funding or conflicts is retained alongside combined instructor/assessor roles. Funding in the other 3 reports was unable to be verified. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Support, contracts, involvement and role separation	Material needed: Support, contracts, training, analysis and publication involvement, current conflict disclosures and independent confirmation are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
33	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N33 · Evidence conditionWhat material was actually read here?Required	The complete stored parent summary and selected question were read for production. External abstracts, full texts and registration materials were unread and access was not attempted in this work. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Stored summaries versus external originals	Material needed: External identity, content, availability and acquisition, measure-specific tables, models, plans and registration are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
34	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N34 · Evidence conditionWhat do the evidence date and bibliographic years mean?Required	The original evidence date is 2026-09-07 and the corrections list is empty. Bibliographies from 2026/2025/2021/2018 and registration concerns are retained as originally recorded. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	The original evidence reference date and historical reading records	Material needed: The original search end date, historical access locations and times, and current external materials and correction details are unverified. The reference date is not a new external reading date. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
35	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N35 · Evidence conditionHow are the selected question and parent explanation retained?Required	The selected English wording is Reduced perceived stress in nonclinical adults. Positive signals and no-intervention, prespecification and blinding limitations are separated from parent cortisol and treatment explanations. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope	Material needed: Detailed external translation and correction comparisons and individual content review remain incomplete. No new selected score or status is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
36	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N36 · Evidence conditionDo parent assessment axes provide new certification for the selection?Required	The parent's unspecified precision, B/P/R1/I2/EX/B2, false flags, empty override and deliberation, and Korean/English originals are preserved internally. No new selected axes, score or status exist. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Parent records versus selected assessment	Material needed: No new formal selected assessment or precision, independence, prespecification or quality certification was performed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
37	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N37 · Evidence conditionAre boundaries involving dizziness and hyperventilation actual event tables?Required	The original safety explanation notes insufficient arm-specific adverse-event and long-term safety numbers and boundaries involving hyperventilation, dizziness, abdominal pressure and pain. These are distinguished from actual reported-event tables. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data	Material needed: Arm-specific people and event counts, definitions, diagnoses, severity, active or spontaneous collection and missingness are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
38	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N38 · Evidence conditionAre exposure, event, discontinuation and recovery times known?Required	Observation periods for single and repeated programs are not converted into harms onset or recovery times. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing	Material needed: Arm-specific events and actual exposure, onset, recovery, discontinuation, re-exposure and follow-up times are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
39	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N39 · Evidence conditionCan harms rates and comparative risks be determined?Required	Complete participation, analysis and total counts and large PSS statistics are not valid harms denominators or evidence of no events. No direct rates or comparative risks are calculated. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators	Material needed: Arm-specific harms, people, event counts and duplicates, exposure, time, denominators, comparisons and confidence intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
40	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N40 · Evidence conditionWhat about baseline conditions, concurrent activities and special populations?Required	The original safety boundaries involving recent surgery, hernia and severe cardiopulmonary conditions are preserved in the internal original. No new medical or yoga practice instructions are created. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes	Material needed: Direct population- and activity-specific events, alternative causes, long-term, rare and vulnerable-population information and risk magnitude are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
41	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N41 · Evidence conditionAre shared reports summed as independent events?Required	Sharing materials across Korean/English versions, parent and subclaims does not add independent events. Insufficient safety numbers are not converted into no events. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events	Material needed: Reporting, detection, selection, arm-specific losses, unique people, events and study families and the extent of all public data are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
42	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N42 · Evidence conditionWhat do the signals and gaps establish?Required	Signals and gaps in existing selected C are retained. No new laughter-specific effect, cortisol normalization, depression/anxiety treatment claim or independent confirmation is created. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries	Material needed: Direct PSS effects and confidence intervals, active social controls, prespecification, models, denominators, long-term outcomes and harms data remain needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
43	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N43 · Evidence conditionDoes linking methods documents complete content review?Required	Preserved methods, study-family and quality-rule documents are production copies. Linking them alone does not complete new clinical or methods review or approval. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Production methodology materials and review status	Material needed: Individual methods and external content review and quality testing were not performed; the existing pending-review state is retained. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
44	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N44 · Evidence conditionWhat materials would update these gaps?Required	This reader view distinguishes original signals, conflicting statements and gaps from parent context. The existing pending content-review state remains; no new verdict was made. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data	Material needed: Direct PSS tables, estimates and confidence intervals, conflicting tests and models, active controls, schedules, registration, study overlap and exposure and harms materials are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.

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44 itemsWhat the statuses mean

Assessment scope

Stored-material review date: Not recorded
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-09-07
Scope actually checked: Existing review summaries and stored records of methodological application. Full papers, supplements, registrations, plans and original data were not read.
What the dates mean: This is the date the stored materials were checked, not the date of a new search of the clinical literature.
Population: The original populations are nonclinical students and nurses. Nurses working in psychiatric settings are not psychiatric patients. Report-specific diagnoses, selection, baseline stress, occupational distributions and applicability to other adults are unverified. Do not extend occupational samples to diagnosed patients or all adults.
Ingredient, formulation and route: The program combines laughter, clapping, breathing, playful movement and group interaction. Humorous video is a separate intervention. Report-specific components, instructors, contact, expectations, adherence and laughter-only contributions are unverified. Create no new yoga, breathing or treatment instructions.
Dose: The key program used 8 sessions of 30 minutes as an original observation condition. Actual schedules, exposure, attendance, discontinuation and adherence in other reports are unverified. Do not turn recorded exposure into a recommended frequency or new practice method.
Comparator: Distinguish no intervention in the key 70-person trial from laughter yoga, video and reading in the acute 120-person trial. Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations, social participation, breathing and direct perceived-stress comparisons with active social controls are unverified. Do not attribute video-related changes to laughter yoga.
Measured outcome: The selection is reduced perceived stress in nonclinical adults; preserve original subclaim C and concerns about no-intervention controls, prespecification and blinding. PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being, self-efficacy, mental symptoms and cortisol/DHEA are distinct outcomes. Direct score differences, CIs and clinical-importance thresholds are unverified.
Duration: Distinguish the original single-session, 5-week or 8-session contexts. Exact visits, measurement windows, persistence after completion and long-term observation for each report are unverified. Do not assign a general duration as identical follow-up for every report/measure or extend acute findings to long-term effects.
Questions outside this scope: Back-calculating new score differences, CIs, standardized effects or clinical importance from F, P or partial-effect statistics; Combining PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being, self-efficacy, mental symptoms or cortisol/DHEA as one effect; Selecting only favorable abstract/multivariate/session-level wording or newly resolving the recorded conflict; Treating no intervention, active social controls, video and reading as the same control, or attributing video effects to laughter yoga; Using all completed/analyzed or total samples as valid denominators for every measure, time or harm; Counting shared reports, registration identifiers or repeated samples/arms/sessions as new independent-trial, participant or event totals; Inheriting parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety or historical axes/verification as subclaim scores or new independence/safety certification; Creating new yoga, breathing or medical practice instructions, cortisol-normalization or psychiatric-treatment recommendations

Evidence and sources

The links below lead to the sources. A link alone does not mean the original source was read or its latest publication status verified.

R01 · Bilgihan S, Dost A. The effect of laughter yoga on the general health status, perceived stress and burnout levels of psychiatric nurses: a randomized controlled study. Discover Psychology. 2026;6:200. DOI: 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4.

Official source

Material type: Randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: PSS group-by-time F(1,68)=251.56, P<.001, partial eta-squared .787; trial and registration dates raised timing concerns
Record level: PSS group-by-time context in 70 participants, 35 versus 35, all completed. Preserve no-intervention controls, combined instructor/assessor role and trial/registration-timing concerns. Do not turn large statistics into direct score differences/CIs, clinical importance or laughter-specific effects.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and perceived-stress, other mental-symptom and cortisol questions share four original reports. Preserve report-specific groups and sharing, but exact registration/recruitment/population relationships and unique-trial/participant/event totals remain unverified. Do not add arms, sessions or other sheets as new independent replication.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
Protocol	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
Analysis plan, measures and denominators	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
Exposure, comparators and harms	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.
Support and interests	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original DOI 10.1007/s44202-026-00725-4, NCT07015372 and trial/registration-timing concerns. PMID/PMCID are unrecorded. Identifiers, bibliography and no-external-funding/COI statements do not establish current full-text/registration reading or independence certification.

R02 · Yaş MA, et al. The effect of laughter yoga on well-being, perceived stress, and academic self-efficacy in nursing students: A randomized controlled trial. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2025;17:e12610. PMID: 39415513. PMCID: PMC11635907. DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12610.

PubMed

Material type: Randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: A null between-group abstract statement coexisted with a multivariate interaction F=10.69, P<.001; registration was retrospective
Record level: 83 analyzed participants, 41 versus 42. Preserve the original coexistence of a null between-group abstract statement and main-text multivariate interaction, plus retrospective registration. Individual tests, PSS-specific effects/CIs and denominators are unverified; no new original-text comparison or conflict resolution occurred.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and perceived-stress, other mental-symptom and cortisol questions share four original reports. Preserve report-specific groups and sharing, but exact registration/recruitment/population relationships and unique-trial/participant/event totals remain unverified. Do not add arms, sessions or other sheets as new independent replication.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
Protocol	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
Analysis plan, measures and denominators	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
Exposure, comparators and harms	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.
Support and interests	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 39415513, PMCID PMC11635907, DOI 10.1111/aphw.12610, NCT06175936, retrospective registration and coexisting statistical descriptions. Original registration content, exact PSS effects/CIs and support are unverified; no original-text comparison occurred now.

R03 · Ozturk FO, Tezel A. Effect of laughter yoga on mental symptoms and salivary cortisol levels in first-year nursing students: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Pract. 2021;27:e12924. PMID: 33580606. DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12924.

PubMed

Material type: Eight-session randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Mental symptoms favored intervention; cortisol was between-group positive in only 3 of 8 sessions
Record level: Mental-symptom/cortisol context from 8 sessions in 75 first-year nursing students. Direct PSS measurement/values, arm/session denominators, plans and intervals are unverified. Do not transfer mental symptoms or session-level biomarkers to the same perceived-stress effect.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and perceived-stress, other mental-symptom and cortisol questions share four original reports. Preserve report-specific groups and sharing, but exact registration/recruitment/population relationships and unique-trial/participant/event totals remain unverified. Do not add arms, sessions or other sheets as new independent replication.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
Protocol	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
Analysis plan, measures and denominators	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
Exposure, comparators and harms	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.
Support and interests	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 33580606 and DOI 10.1111/ijn.12924. PMCID is unrecorded; registration/support are unverified. Do not turn mental-symptom/session-level cortisol summaries into original PSS results or current full-text reading.

R04 · Fujisawa A, et al. Effect of laughter yoga on salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone among healthy university students: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;32:6-11. PMID: 30057059. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005.

PubMed

Material type: Three-arm laughter-yoga, humorous-video, and reading randomized trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Cortisol changed over time, humorous video also changed it, and DHEA was null
Record level: Acute 3-arm cortisol/DHEA context in 120 healthy university students. Video is a separate intervention; direct PSS measurement/effects, arm denominators, exact comparative CIs and long-term effects are unverified.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and perceived-stress, other mental-symptom and cortisol questions share four original reports. Preserve report-specific groups and sharing, but exact registration/recruitment/population relationships and unique-trial/participant/event totals remain unverified. Do not add arms, sessions or other sheets as new independent replication.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
Protocol	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
Analysis plan, measures and denominators	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
Exposure, comparators and harms	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.
Support and interests	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 30057059, DOI 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.04.005 and UMIN000019409. PMCID is unrecorded; support and exact comparative CIs are unverified. Do not relabel UMIN as NCT or treat the identifier as current registration-content verification.

Report counts versus independent study counts

The parent and perceived-stress, other mental-symptom and cortisol questions share four original reports. Preserve report-specific groups and sharing, but exact registration/recruitment/population relationships and unique-trial/participant/event totals remain unverified. Do not add arms, sessions or other sheets as new independent replication.

Review criteria

Version 1.0 · Criteria record date 2026-10-06. These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the referenced methods. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

N01 · Which question is covered?

Required materials and conditions: The selected subclaim's population and outcome
Conditions for verification: Material for The selected subclaim's population and outcome must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The selected subclaim's population and outcome with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N02 · How does selected grade C differ from the parent verdict?

Required materials and conditions: The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict
Conditions for verification: Material for The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N03 · Are psychiatric nurses psychiatric patients?

Required materials and conditions: Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria
Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N04 · Is laughter itself the same as the group program?

Required materials and conditions: Program components and actual participation
Conditions for verification: Material for Program components and actual participation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Program components and actual participation with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N05 · How do no intervention and active social controls differ?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N06 · Do single and repeated programs show the same effect?

Required materials and conditions: Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up
Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N07 · What does the perceived-stress measure represent?

Required materials and conditions: Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores
Conditions for verification: Material for Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N08 · Are other psychological measures also perceived stress?

Required materials and conditions: Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure
Conditions for verification: Material for Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N09 · What does the PSS group-by-time statistic show?

Required materials and conditions: The original statistic versus direct score differences
Conditions for verification: Material for The original statistic versus direct score differences must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The original statistic versus direct score differences with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N10 · Does complete participation establish every outcome denominator?

Required materials and conditions: Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units
Conditions for verification: Material for Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N11 · What limitation arises when the instructor is also the assessor?

Required materials and conditions: Role separation, blinding and data handling
Conditions for verification: Material for Role separation, blinding and data handling must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Role separation, blinding and data handling with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N12 · Were concerns about conduct and registration dates verified?

Required materials and conditions: Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments
Conditions for verification: Material for Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N13 · Are the abstract's null statement and multivariate statistic the same test?

Required materials and conditions: Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement
Conditions for verification: Material for Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N14 · What do the analyzed sample and retrospective registration establish?

Required materials and conditions: Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing
Conditions for verification: Material for Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N15 · Are mental-symptom results direct PSS results?

Required materials and conditions: Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results
Conditions for verification: Material for Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N16 · Do acute biomarkers establish a perceived-stress effect?

Required materials and conditions: Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N17 · Are changes with humorous video attributed to laughter yoga?

Required materials and conditions: Direct comparisons of different interventions
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct comparisons of different interventions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct comparisons of different interventions with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N18 · Does cortisol substitute for perceived stress or treatment?

Required materials and conditions: Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions
Conditions for verification: Material for Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N19 · Do nonclinical results establish treatment of depression or anxiety disorders?

Required materials and conditions: Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N20 · Does a randomized-design label verify the procedure?

Required materials and conditions: Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures
Conditions for verification: Material for Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N21 · How were self-report and assessor blinding handled?

Required materials and conditions: Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls
Conditions for verification: Material for Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N22 · Were primary outcomes and multiple-analysis plans verified?

Required materials and conditions: Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity
Conditions for verification: Material for Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N23 · What were baseline stress and other activities?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N24 · Are group-by-time, between-arm and multivariate results the same estimate?

Required materials and conditions: Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models
Conditions for verification: Material for Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N25 · Do completion and analysis counts establish valid data for every measure?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N26 · Does a large statistic establish exact effects and clinical importance?

Required materials and conditions: Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N27 · Are null, conflicting and mixed results retained?

Required materials and conditions: Complete results and selective reporting
Conditions for verification: Material for Complete results and selective reporting must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Complete results and selective reporting with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N28 · Are different samples, durations and controls pooled?

Required materials and conditions: Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups
Conditions for verification: Material for Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N29 · Do short programs answer long-term questions for all adults?

Required materials and conditions: Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data
Conditions for verification: Material for Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N30 · Is the report count a total of independent trials or participants?

Required materials and conditions: Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap
Conditions for verification: Material for Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N31 · Does a registration identifier mean its content was checked now?

Required materials and conditions: Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence
Conditions for verification: Material for Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N32 · Are funding/conflict declarations the same as combined roles?

Required materials and conditions: Support, contracts, involvement and role separation
Conditions for verification: Material for Support, contracts, involvement and role separation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Support, contracts, involvement and role separation with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N33 · What material was actually read here?

Required materials and conditions: Stored summaries versus external originals
Conditions for verification: Material for Stored summaries versus external originals must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Stored summaries versus external originals with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N34 · What do the evidence date and bibliographic years mean?

Required materials and conditions: The original evidence reference date and historical reading records
Conditions for verification: Material for The original evidence reference date and historical reading records must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The original evidence reference date and historical reading records with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N35 · How are the selected question and parent explanation retained?

Required materials and conditions: Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope
Conditions for verification: Material for Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N36 · Do parent assessment axes provide new certification for the selection?

Required materials and conditions: Parent records versus selected assessment
Conditions for verification: Material for Parent records versus selected assessment must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Parent records versus selected assessment with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N37 · Are boundaries involving dizziness and hyperventilation actual event tables?

Required materials and conditions: Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data
Conditions for verification: Material for Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N38 · Are exposure, event, discontinuation and recovery times known?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N39 · Can harms rates and comparative risks be determined?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N40 · What about baseline conditions, concurrent activities and special populations?

Required materials and conditions: Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes
Conditions for verification: Material for Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N41 · Are shared reports summed as independent events?

Required materials and conditions: Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events
Conditions for verification: Material for Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N42 · What do the signals and gaps establish?

Required materials and conditions: Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N43 · Does linking methods documents complete content review?

Required materials and conditions: Production methodology materials and review status
Conditions for verification: Material for Production methodology materials and review status must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Production methodology materials and review status with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N44 · What materials would update these gaps?

Required materials and conditions: Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Referenced methods and the sections actually reviewed

M03 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13

Referenced principle: Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M04 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03

Official methodology · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42

Referenced principle: Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M08 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a

Referenced principle: Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M15 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3

Referenced principle: Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M19 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4

Referenced principle: Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

What the statuses mean

Met: Condition confirmed through user review; not used in this production
Partly verified: Partly recorded in preserved selected/parent summaries; selected-measure details, external verification and user review remain incomplete
Unverified: Exact values, denominators, procedures and harms are not established; this does not assert that all external materials omit them
Review incomplete: Content review pending; no individual content review or testing was performed in this production
Not reported: Limited to materials actually read; not a substitute for unread external materials
Inaccessible: Only for actual new access failures; distinct from unattempted access and historical narratives
Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Original selected-measure details and precision gaps; not a new grade
Not applicable: Only with an explicit question- or design-based reason
Conflicting data: Only when actual new conflicting materials are compared; this work preserves the original historical conflict narrative without content review

Change history

2026-10-19 · Public page/material version 1.0

A public view and materials were prepared from the existing 44 items. No new clinical search, verification-status change or scoring was performed.

The stored-material review date (Not recorded) and original evidence cut-off (2026-09-07) were retained unchanged.

Researcher downloads

These materials provide the same evidence, scope and verification status as this page.

View all item details

N01 · Which question is covered?

Current findings: The selection is reduced perceived stress in nonclinical adults. The existing subclaim is retained; no new claim is created.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Individual content review and independent verification of the population and outcome boundaries remain incomplete.
Required materials and conditions: The selected subclaim's population and outcome
Materials to obtain first: Individual content review and independent verification of the population and outcome boundaries remain incomplete.
Further research: Material needed: Individual content review and independent verification of the population and outcome boundaries remain incomplete. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for The selected subclaim's population and outcome must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The selected subclaim's population and outcome with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N02 · How does selected grade C differ from the parent verdict?

Current findings: Selected C includes positive trials alongside gaps in no-intervention controls, prespecification and blinding. Parent C50 and Unknown safety provide overall context, not a separate score or safety verdict for the selection.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: The selection has no separate score, status or assessment axes. No new grade or score is assigned.
Required materials and conditions: The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict
Materials to obtain first: The selection has no separate score, status or assessment axes. No new grade or score is assigned.
Further research: Material needed: The selection has no separate score, status or assessment axes. No new grade or score is assigned. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The scope of the selected grade and overall verdict with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N03 · Are psychiatric nurses psychiatric patients?

Current findings: The original populations are healthy students and nurses. Nurses working in psychiatric settings are not psychiatric patients.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Report-specific diagnoses, exclusions, baseline stress, age, occupational distributions and applicability to other adults are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria
Materials to obtain first: Report-specific diagnoses, exclusions, baseline stress, age, occupational distributions and applicability to other adults are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Report-specific diagnoses, exclusions, baseline stress, age, occupational distributions and applicability to other adults are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific populations, diagnoses and selection criteria with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N04 · Is laughter itself the same as the group program?

Current findings: The program combines laughter, clapping, breathing, playful movements and group activity. It is not treated as a laughter-only effect.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Report-specific components, instructors, contact, expectations, adherence and each component's contribution are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Program components and actual participation
Materials to obtain first: Report-specific components, instructors, contact, expectations, adherence and each component's contribution are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Report-specific components, instructors, contact, expectations, adherence and each component's contribution are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Program components and actual participation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Program components and actual participation with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N05 · How do no intervention and active social controls differ?

Current findings: The key 70-person report compared a small-group program with no intervention. The original explanation identifies insufficient active social controls as a limitation.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific attention, contact and expectations, control specifications in other reports and direct comparisons of laughter-specific effects are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific attention, contact and expectations, control specifications in other reports and direct comparisons of laughter-specific effects are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific attention, contact and expectations, control specifications in other reports and direct comparisons of laughter-specific effects are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific attention, contact, expectations and control content with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03

N06 · Do single and repeated programs show the same effect?

Current findings: The original summary distinguishes a single exposure in 120 participants from 5 weeks or 8 sessions in samples of 75/83/70. The key program's 8 sessions of 30 minutes are original observation conditions.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exact report-specific schedules, observation windows, actual exposure, adherence, valid denominators and persistence after completion are unverified. These are not practice recommendations.
Required materials and conditions: Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up
Materials to obtain first: Exact report-specific schedules, observation windows, actual exposure, adherence, valid denominators and persistence after completion are unverified. These are not practice recommendations.
Further research: Material needed: Exact report-specific schedules, observation windows, actual exposure, adherence, valid denominators and persistence after completion are unverified. These are not practice recommendations. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific duration, frequency, exposure and follow-up with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N07 · What does the perceived-stress measure represent?

Current findings: The key report covers PSS/GHQ/burnout after 8 sessions. The selected outcome is perceived stress; PSS statistics are kept separate from other measures.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: PSS version, range, direction, units, baseline and final scores, changes, aggregation, denominators and intervals are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores
Materials to obtain first: PSS version, range, direction, units, baseline and final scores, changes, aggregation, denominators and intervals are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: PSS version, range, direction, units, baseline and final scores, changes, aggregation, denominators and intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measure version, range, direction, timing and scores with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N08 · Are other psychological measures also perceived stress?

Current findings: PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being, self-efficacy and mental symptoms are separate outcomes. They are not combined into a single measure.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Measure versions, primary/secondary hierarchy, direct effects, denominators, intervals and links to clinical diagnoses are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure
Materials to obtain first: Measure versions, primary/secondary hierarchy, direct effects, denominators, intervals and links to clinical diagnoses are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Measure versions, primary/secondary hierarchy, direct effects, denominators, intervals and links to clinical diagnoses are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Definitions and outcome hierarchy for each measure with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03

N09 · What does the PSS group-by-time statistic show?

Current findings: The original result is PSS group-by-time F(1,68)=251.56, P<.001, partial eta-squared=.787. It is not converted into a direct score difference or a laughter-specific effect.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific scores and changes, adjusted between-arm differences and confidence intervals, models, variances, baseline and time windows are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: The original statistic versus direct score differences
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific scores and changes, adjusted between-arm differences and confidence intervals, models, variances, baseline and time windows are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific scores and changes, adjusted between-arm differences and confidence intervals, models, variances, baseline and time windows are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for The original statistic versus direct score differences must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The original statistic versus direct score differences with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N10 · Does complete participation establish every outcome denominator?

Current findings: The original statement is that all 70 psychiatric nurses, 35 versus 35, completed. Statistical degrees of freedom and small-group arrangements are not used to calculate new denominators.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Measure- and time-specific valid denominators, missingness, group/individual analysis units and correspondence with harms data are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units
Materials to obtain first: Measure- and time-specific valid denominators, missingness, group/individual analysis units and correspondence with harms data are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Measure- and time-specific valid denominators, missingness, group/individual analysis units and correspondence with harms data are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measure- and time-specific analysis samples and units with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N11 · What limitation arises when the instructor is also the assessor?

Current findings: The original record states that the researcher also served as laughter-yoga instructor and assessor. This is separate from declarations of no external funding or conflicts.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Assessment and recording blinding, role separation, expectation and attention controls, and data-handling procedures are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Role separation, blinding and data handling
Materials to obtain first: Assessment and recording blinding, role separation, expectation and attention controls, and data-handling procedures are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Assessment and recording blinding, role separation, expectation and attention controls, and data-handling procedures are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Role separation, blinding and data handling must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Role separation, blinding and data handling with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N12 · Were concerns about conduct and registration dates verified?

Current findings: The original record retains concerns about consistency between conduct and registration schedules and about prespecification. This is not a new external registration check.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exact conduct, registration and planning times, amendments, PSS hierarchy and consistency with original documents are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments
Materials to obtain first: Exact conduct, registration and planning times, amendments, PSS hierarchy and consistency with original documents are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Exact conduct, registration and planning times, amendments, PSS hierarchy and consistency with original documents are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original schedules, registration, plans and amendments with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N13 · Are the abstract's null statement and multivariate statistic the same test?

Current findings: The original record retains both an abstract between-arm null statement and a main-text multivariate interaction F=10.69, P<.001. No new full-text comparison resolved the conflict.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: The outcome, contrast and hierarchy of each test, individual PSS effects and confidence intervals, and multivariate models and denominators are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement
Materials to obtain first: The outcome, contrast and hierarchy of each test, individual PSS effects and confidence intervals, and multivariate models and denominators are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: The outcome, contrast and hierarchy of each test, individual PSS effects and confidence intervals, and multivariate models and denominators are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measures, contrasts, models and original results for each statement with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02

N14 · What do the analyzed sample and retrospective registration establish?

Current findings: The original notation is 83 nursing students analyzed, 41 versus 42, alongside retrospective-registration concerns. This is distinguished from allocated, completed and measure-specific data.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Total allocation and exclusions, arm- and measure-specific valid denominators, registration and planning times and amendments are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing
Materials to obtain first: Total allocation and exclusions, arm- and measure-specific valid denominators, registration and planning times and amendments are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Total allocation and exclusions, arm- and measure-specific valid denominators, registration and planning times and amendments are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Total allocation, exclusions, completion and registration timing with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02

N15 · Are mental-symptom results direct PSS results?

Current findings: The Ozturk report describes positive mental-symptom results in 75 participants over 8 sessions and positive between-arm cortisol results in 3 of 8 sessions. These are not reassigned as direct selected perceived-stress values.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: The mental-symptom instrument, existence of PSS measurement and individual effects, arm-, time- and session-specific denominators and plans are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results
Materials to obtain first: The mental-symptom instrument, existence of PSS measurement and individual effects, arm-, time- and session-specific denominators and plans are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: The mental-symptom instrument, existence of PSS measurement and individual effects, arm-, time- and session-specific denominators and plans are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Existence of perceived-stress measurement and individual results with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R03

N16 · Do acute biomarkers establish a perceived-stress effect?

Current findings: The Fujisawa report covers acute 3-arm cortisol/DHEA results in 120 healthy students. The original statements that video also changed and DHEA was null are retained.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Existence of perceived-stress measurement and results, arm-specific denominators, exact cortisol contrasts and confidence intervals, and single-exposure and time-of-day plans are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers
Materials to obtain first: Existence of perceived-stress measurement and results, arm-specific denominators, exact cortisol contrasts and confidence intervals, and single-exposure and time-of-day plans are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Existence of perceived-stress measurement and results, arm-specific denominators, exact cortisol contrasts and confidence intervals, and single-exposure and time-of-day plans are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct perceived-stress outcomes versus biomarkers with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R04

N17 · Are changes with humorous video attributed to laughter yoga?

Current findings: Humorous video is a separate intervention. Video-related changes are not converted into laughter-yoga-specific effects.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Contributions of laughter, video, breathing, attention and social participation, and direct PSS contrasts are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Direct comparisons of different interventions
Materials to obtain first: Contributions of laughter, video, breathing, attention and social participation, and direct PSS contrasts are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Contributions of laughter, video, breathing, attention and social participation, and direct PSS contrasts are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct comparisons of different interventions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct comparisons of different interventions with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R04

N18 · Does cortisol substitute for perceived stress or treatment?

Current findings: The original explanation separates salivary cortisol from perceived stress and retains gaps in consistency across sessions and trials. Cortisol is a separate subclaim.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions, exact intervals and correspondence with the selected outcome are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions
Materials to obtain first: Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions, exact intervals and correspondence with the selected outcome are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions, exact intervals and correspondence with the selected outcome are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Links between biomarkers, self-report and treatment of diagnosed conditions with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N19 · Do nonclinical results establish treatment of depression or anxiety disorders?

Current findings: The original studies are not treatment trials in psychiatric patients. Nonclinical stress results are distinguished from disorder-treatment claims.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Treatment, recovery and clinical events in diagnosed patients and their effects and intervals are outside this scope and unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes
Materials to obtain first: Treatment, recovery and clinical events in diagnosed patients and their effects and intervals are outside this scope and unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Treatment, recovery and clinical events in diagnosed patients and their effects and intervals are outside this scope and unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct evidence in diagnosed patients and treatment outcomes with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N20 · Does a randomized-design label verify the procedure?

Current findings: Original randomized-design labels are retained alongside no-intervention controls, lack of blinding and the small-group context.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Sequence generation, allocation concealment and units, group and individual baseline balance, and selection and exclusion procedures are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures
Materials to obtain first: Sequence generation, allocation concealment and units, group and individual baseline balance, and selection and exclusion procedures are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Sequence generation, allocation concealment and units, group and individual baseline balance, and selection and exclusion procedures are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Sequence generation, concealment, allocation units and selection procedures with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N21 · How were self-report and assessor blinding handled?

Current findings: Lack of blinding and combined instructor/assessor roles remain limitations when interpreting self-reported stress.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Assessment, aggregation and analysis blinding, PSS recording instruction and missingness, expectation controls and consistent procedures are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls
Materials to obtain first: Assessment, aggregation and analysis blinding, PSS recording instruction and missingness, expectation controls and consistent procedures are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Assessment, aggregation and analysis blinding, PSS recording instruction and missingness, expectation controls and consistent procedures are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Recording, aggregation, analysis and expectation controls with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N22 · Were primary outcomes and multiple-analysis plans verified?

Current findings: Unclear prespecification and retrospective-registration concerns are retained. A summary's primary-outcome label alone does not verify prespecification.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Primary/secondary hierarchy for PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being and biomarkers, models, timing, multiplicity and planning times are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity
Materials to obtain first: Primary/secondary hierarchy for PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being and biomarkers, models, timing, multiplicity and planning times are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Primary/secondary hierarchy for PSS, GHQ, burnout, well-being and biomarkers, models, timing, multiplicity and planning times are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Prespecified measures, models, times and multiplicity with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N23 · What were baseline stress and other activities?

Current findings: The studies used different student and nurse samples, and group and attention effects need separation.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Baseline measures and status, arm-specific counseling, activities and treatment, confounding, adjustment and exposure changes are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment
Materials to obtain first: Baseline measures and status, arm-specific counseling, activities and treatment, confounding, adjustment and exposure changes are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Baseline measures and status, arm-specific counseling, activities and treatment, confounding, adjustment and exposure changes are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific baseline status and concurrent activities or treatment with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N24 · Are group-by-time, between-arm and multivariate results the same estimate?

Current findings: PSS group-by-time, multivariate interactions and abstract between-arm statements are different analysis levels. No new direct effect is estimated.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Analysis populations and units, covariates, measures and contrasts, baseline adjustment, arm-specific tables and intervals are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models
Materials to obtain first: Analysis populations and units, covariates, measures and contrasts, baseline adjustment, arm-specific tables and intervals are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Analysis populations and units, covariates, measures and contrasts, baseline adjustment, arm-specific tables and intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Analysis populations, units, contrasts and models with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N25 · Do completion and analysis counts establish valid data for every measure?

Current findings: All 70 completing and 83 analyzed are the respective original report labels. Total samples of 75 and 120 are not used as arm- or endpoint-specific valid denominators.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness, follow-up loss, exclusions, imputation and sensitivity analyses are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions
Materials to obtain first: Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness, follow-up loss, exclusions, imputation and sensitivity analyses are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness, follow-up loss, exclusions, imputation and sensitivity analyses are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-, measure-, visit- and session-specific missingness and exclusions with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N26 · Does a large statistic establish exact effects and clinical importance?

Current findings: The original explanation retains large statistics alongside insufficient prespecified hierarchy and active social controls. The magnitude of a laughter-specific effect is not established.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exact direct score differences, confidence intervals, importance thresholds, variances, denominators and individual applicability are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds
Materials to obtain first: Exact direct score differences, confidence intervals, importance thresholds, variances, denominators and individual applicability are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Exact direct score differences, confidence intervals, importance thresholds, variances, denominators and individual applicability are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct score differences, intervals and importance thresholds with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N27 · Are null, conflicting and mixed results retained?

Current findings: The conflicting Yaş statements, mixed Ozturk session results and Fujisawa video changes and null DHEA result are retained and separated from selected PSS.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Complete external texts, tests and models, selected outcomes and contrasts, and the extent of omissions and selective reporting are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Complete results and selective reporting
Materials to obtain first: Complete external texts, tests and models, selected outcomes and contrasts, and the extent of omissions and selective reporting are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Complete external texts, tests and models, selected outcomes and contrasts, and the extent of omissions and selective reporting are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Complete results and selective reporting must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Complete results and selective reporting with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02 R03 R04

N28 · Are different samples, durations and controls pooled?

Current findings: Populations, training, contact, duration and endpoints differ. No common pooled effect is newly calculated.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Prespecified subgroups for the selected measure, direct differences, condition-specific intervals and models and all included data are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups
Materials to obtain first: Prespecified subgroups for the selected measure, direct differences, condition-specific intervals and models and all included data are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Prespecified subgroups for the selected measure, direct differences, condition-specific intervals and models and all included data are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Condition-specific direct results and prespecified subgroups with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N29 · Do short programs answer long-term questions for all adults?

Current findings: Single-exposure, several-week and 8-session evidence is not extended to all adults, long-term stress or disorder treatment.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Persistence after completion, long-term and specific populations, prespecified program- and baseline-specific differences and direct intervals are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data
Materials to obtain first: Persistence after completion, long-term and specific populations, prespecified program- and baseline-specific differences and direct intervals are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Persistence after completion, long-term and specific populations, prespecified program- and baseline-specific differences and direct intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Persistence after completion and direct population-specific data with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N30 · Is the report count a total of independent trials or participants?

Current findings: The 4 preserved reports are linked; the selected question, parent and cortisol subclaim share them. Original labels such as R1/I2 are not treated as new independence certification.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Correspondence between registration, recruitment, groups and related reports, and unique trial, participant and event counts are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap
Materials to obtain first: Correspondence between registration, recruitment, groups and related reports, and unique trial, participant and event counts are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Correspondence between registration, recruitment, groups and related reports, and unique trial, participant and event counts are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Related reports, registration, recruitment and overlap with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N31 · Does a registration identifier mean its content was checked now?

Current findings: Original records of NCT07015372, NCT06175936, unable to verify, and UMIN000019409 are retained. UMIN was not relabeled as NCT and external content was not newly queried.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Registration, amendment and planning times and correspondence with recruitment, endpoints and reports were not verified in this work.
Required materials and conditions: Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence
Materials to obtain first: Registration, amendment and planning times and correspondence with recruitment, endpoints and reports were not verified in this work.
Further research: Material needed: Registration, amendment and planning times and correspondence with recruitment, endpoints and reports were not verified in this work. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Registration originals, amendments, plans and report correspondence with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N32 · Are funding/conflict declarations the same as combined roles?

Current findings: Bilgihan's declaration of no external funding or conflicts is retained alongside combined instructor/assessor roles. Funding in the other 3 reports was unable to be verified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Support, contracts, training, analysis and publication involvement, current conflict disclosures and independent confirmation are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Support, contracts, involvement and role separation
Materials to obtain first: Support, contracts, training, analysis and publication involvement, current conflict disclosures and independent confirmation are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Support, contracts, training, analysis and publication involvement, current conflict disclosures and independent confirmation are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Support, contracts, involvement and role separation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Support, contracts, involvement and role separation with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N33 · What material was actually read here?

Current findings: The complete stored parent summary and selected question were read for production. External abstracts, full texts and registration materials were unread and access was not attempted in this work.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: External identity, content, availability and acquisition, measure-specific tables, models, plans and registration are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Stored summaries versus external originals
Materials to obtain first: External identity, content, availability and acquisition, measure-specific tables, models, plans and registration are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: External identity, content, availability and acquisition, measure-specific tables, models, plans and registration are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Stored summaries versus external originals must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Stored summaries versus external originals with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

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N34 · What do the evidence date and bibliographic years mean?

Current findings: The original evidence date is 2026-09-07 and the corrections list is empty. Bibliographies from 2026/2025/2021/2018 and registration concerns are retained as originally recorded.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: The original search end date, historical access locations and times, and current external materials and correction details are unverified. The reference date is not a new external reading date.
Required materials and conditions: The original evidence reference date and historical reading records
Materials to obtain first: The original search end date, historical access locations and times, and current external materials and correction details are unverified. The reference date is not a new external reading date.
Further research: Material needed: The original search end date, historical access locations and times, and current external materials and correction details are unverified. The reference date is not a new external reading date. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for The original evidence reference date and historical reading records must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects The original evidence reference date and historical reading records with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N35 · How are the selected question and parent explanation retained?

Current findings: The selected English wording is Reduced perceived stress in nonclinical adults. Positive signals and no-intervention, prespecification and blinding limitations are separated from parent cortisol and treatment explanations.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Detailed external translation and correction comparisons and individual content review remain incomplete. No new selected score or status is created.
Required materials and conditions: Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope
Materials to obtain first: Detailed external translation and correction comparisons and individual content review remain incomplete. No new selected score or status is created.
Further research: Material needed: Detailed external translation and correction comparisons and individual content review remain incomplete. No new selected score or status is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Korean/English selected wording and outcome scope with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N36 · Do parent assessment axes provide new certification for the selection?

Current findings: The parent's unspecified precision, B/P/R1/I2/EX/B2, false flags, empty override and deliberation, and Korean/English originals are preserved internally. No new selected axes, score or status exist.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: No new formal selected assessment or precision, independence, prespecification or quality certification was performed.
Required materials and conditions: Parent records versus selected assessment
Materials to obtain first: No new formal selected assessment or precision, independence, prespecification or quality certification was performed.
Further research: Material needed: No new formal selected assessment or precision, independence, prespecification or quality certification was performed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Parent records versus selected assessment must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Parent records versus selected assessment with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N37 · Are boundaries involving dizziness and hyperventilation actual event tables?

Current findings: The original safety explanation notes insufficient arm-specific adverse-event and long-term safety numbers and boundaries involving hyperventilation, dizziness, abdominal pressure and pain. These are distinguished from actual reported-event tables.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific people and event counts, definitions, diagnoses, severity, active or spontaneous collection and missingness are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific people and event counts, definitions, diagnoses, severity, active or spontaneous collection and missingness are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific people and event counts, definitions, diagnoses, severity, active or spontaneous collection and missingness are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Harms definitions, collection and direct arm-specific data with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N38 · Are exposure, event, discontinuation and recovery times known?

Current findings: Observation periods for single and repeated programs are not converted into harms onset or recovery times.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific events and actual exposure, onset, recovery, discontinuation, re-exposure and follow-up times are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific events and actual exposure, onset, recovery, discontinuation, re-exposure and follow-up times are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific events and actual exposure, onset, recovery, discontinuation, re-exposure and follow-up times are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific events, actual exposure and timing with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N39 · Can harms rates and comparative risks be determined?

Current findings: Complete participation, analysis and total counts and large PSS statistics are not valid harms denominators or evidence of no events. No direct rates or comparative risks are calculated.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific harms, people, event counts and duplicates, exposure, time, denominators, comparisons and confidence intervals are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific harms, people, event counts and duplicates, exposure, time, denominators, comparisons and confidence intervals are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific harms, people, event counts and duplicates, exposure, time, denominators, comparisons and confidence intervals are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific events, people, time and valid denominators with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N40 · What about baseline conditions, concurrent activities and special populations?

Current findings: The original safety boundaries involving recent surgery, hernia and severe cardiopulmonary conditions are preserved in the internal original. No new medical or yoga practice instructions are created.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Direct population- and activity-specific events, alternative causes, long-term, rare and vulnerable-population information and risk magnitude are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes
Materials to obtain first: Direct population- and activity-specific events, alternative causes, long-term, rare and vulnerable-population information and risk magnitude are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Direct population- and activity-specific events, alternative causes, long-term, rare and vulnerable-population information and risk magnitude are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population- and activity-specific harms and alternative causes with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N41 · Are shared reports summed as independent events?

Current findings: Sharing materials across Korean/English versions, parent and subclaims does not add independent events. Insufficient safety numbers are not converted into no events.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Reporting, detection, selection, arm-specific losses, unique people, events and study families and the extent of all public data are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events
Materials to obtain first: Reporting, detection, selection, arm-specific losses, unique people, events and study families and the extent of all public data are unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Reporting, detection, selection, arm-specific losses, unique people, events and study families and the extent of all public data are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Overlap between reports, missingness, people and events with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N42 · What do the signals and gaps establish?

Current findings: Signals and gaps in existing selected C are retained. No new laughter-specific effect, cortisol normalization, depression/anxiety treatment claim or independent confirmation is created.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Direct PSS effects and confidence intervals, active social controls, prespecification, models, denominators, long-term outcomes and harms data remain needed.
Required materials and conditions: Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries
Materials to obtain first: Direct PSS effects and confidence intervals, active social controls, prespecification, models, denominators, long-term outcomes and harms data remain needed.
Further research: Material needed: Direct PSS effects and confidence intervals, active social controls, prespecification, models, denominators, long-term outcomes and harms data remain needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct PSS results and interpretation boundaries with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N43 · Does linking methods documents complete content review?

Current findings: Preserved methods, study-family and quality-rule documents are production copies. Linking them alone does not complete new clinical or methods review or approval.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Individual methods and external content review and quality testing were not performed; the existing pending-review state is retained.
Required materials and conditions: Production methodology materials and review status
Materials to obtain first: Individual methods and external content review and quality testing were not performed; the existing pending-review state is retained.
Further research: Material needed: Individual methods and external content review and quality testing were not performed; the existing pending-review state is retained. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Production methodology materials and review status must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Production methodology materials and review status with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N44 · What materials would update these gaps?

Current findings: This reader view distinguishes original signals, conflicting statements and gaps from parent context. The existing pending content-review state remains; no new verdict was made.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Direct PSS tables, estimates and confidence intervals, conflicting tests and models, active controls, schedules, registration, study overlap and exposure and harms materials are needed.
Required materials and conditions: Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data
Materials to obtain first: Direct PSS tables, estimates and confidence intervals, conflicting tests and models, active controls, schedules, registration, study overlap and exposure and harms materials are needed.
Further research: Material needed: Direct PSS tables, estimates and confidence intervals, conflicting tests and models, active controls, schedules, registration, study overlap and exposure and harms materials are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct results, analysis plans, overlap and harms data with populations, programs, actual controls, measures, timing, denominators, models, prespecification, direct effects/CIs or harms for nonclinical perceived stress, distinguishing other mental-symptom measures, biomarkers and treatment claims.
Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim C, positive signals and no-intervention/prespecification/blinding gaps. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Unknown safety and unrecorded precision. Do not convert large F/P or partial-effect statistics to direct score differences, CIs, importance thresholds or laughter-specific effects. Do not transfer other measures, cortisol, video, brief exposure or original samples to the same PSS effects/denominators. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or yoga/medical instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04