Aged garlic extract 2.4-7.2 g/day × Reduction of ex vivo platelet aggregation

Required evidence, verification status and materials actually read
Item	AVerification status	BReading scope	CReview item	DCurrent findings	EWhy unverified	FRequired materials and conditions	GFurther research
1	Met	Full text not readStored summary read	N01 · Evidence conditionIs the broad parent text distinguished from the arachidonic acid result-gap question?Required	The original effect statement is reduction of ex vivo platelet aggregation. This table asks about the gap in direct AGE results for the arachidonic acid response separately named in the crux. This subquestion is not an index in the original subclaim array. S01 S02 S03	The defined boundary is linked to the original text; naming a response creates neither new efficacy evidence nor a paper.	The original broad claim, endpoint name in the crux, derived comparison and change history.	If the question changes, compare the explicitly named original endpoint with the new scope.
2	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N02 · Evidence conditionIs a direct AGE arachidonic acid report and comparison verified?Required	Arachidonic acid is explicitly named as an endpoint in the Korean/English crux. The current 3 evidence entries and 3 citations do not verify a direct result or report for it. All 3 existing reports are retained; no new S04 or paper is created. S01 S02 S03	An endpoint name is not evidence that a direct trial/paper or an AGE-placebo result exists.	Original reports, methods, results and citations linking AGE, arachidonic acid and an actual comparator.	First compare this endpoint against the complete plans/results of the current 3 reports; record the presence or absence of direct material within a stated scope.
3	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N03 · Evidence conditionAre the selected AGE identity and actual arachidonic acid trial-product specifications verified?Required	The broad claim conditions describe Allium sativum clove aged-extract AGE capsules and unverified trial-specific SAC specifications. The direct arachidonic acid product, batch and SAC/ingredients are currently unverified. S01 S02 S03	A broad product name exists, but direct material for comparing the selected-response trial product's identity is unavailable.	Product name, manufacture/aging, batch, SAC/ingredients and comparison specifications in methods for the selected response.	Verify the product's molecular identity, manufacture and specifications before comparing result eligibility.
4	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N04 · Evidence conditionAre actual route, dose and intake linked to the arachidonic acid result verified?Required	The broad original text describes oral AGE at 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 g/day. These doses belong to the context of a 34-person report on other agonists; actual route, dose and intake for arachidonic acid remain unverified. S01 S02 S03	Actual exposure data linked to the selected-response result are unavailable.	Product/administration records, intake/adherence, changes/discontinuation and a measurement linkage table for the selected response.	Link exposure records to aggregation-test participants; separate broad nominal doses from actual amounts for the selected response.
5	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N05 · Evidence conditionAre the actual population, eligibility and baseline status for the arachidonic acid response verified?Required	The broad population mainly concerns healthy adults; the 1995 candidate is a small sample of healthy men. Direct material linking these to the actual arachidonic acid population or arm-specific analysis n is unavailable. S01 S02	Direct population/eligibility information for a reported selected response is unverified.	Population/eligibility, baseline tables, medication/disease exclusions and analysis population for the selected response.	Link actual participants to aggregation-test data; do not expand applicability using a broad population label.
6	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N06 · Evidence conditionAre arachidonic acid exposure duration and testing times verified?Required	The broad duration is short-term and varies by trial; exact administration duration, blood-draw/testing times and post-discontinuation results for arachidonic acid are currently unverified. S01 S02 S03	A direct schedule supporting the selected-response timing conditions is unavailable.	Administration/discontinuation, washout, blood-draw/testing schedules and result times for the selected response.	Compare planned and actual testing dates; distinguish responses at different times.
7	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N07 · Evidence conditionAre the named arachidonic acid endpoint and exact measure verified?Required	The Korean/English crux distinguishes arachidonic acid from other agonists. Maximum aggregation/threshold, concentration, test method, unit and direction for this response remain unverified in retained evidence. S01 S02 S03	The endpoint name is verified, while actual measurement conditions remain unresolved.	Aggregation-test methods, specimen/equipment, agonist concentration, measure/unit and assessment procedures for the selected response.	Directly link methods to result measures; distinguish ADP/other-agonist material.
8	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N08 · Evidence conditionAre allocation, blinding and co-use for a direct arachidonic acid comparison verified?Required	S01 is a randomized double-blind placebo dose trial; S02 is a double-blind placebo trial. Neither design label is linked to direct arachidonic acid results; selected-response allocation, co-use and blinding remain unverified. S01 S02	A design for another endpoint is not verified as a direct selected-response design.	Original methods, comparator composition, allocation/concealment, co-use/adherence and assessment blinding for the selected response.	Identify a direct selected-response report before comparing its methods with actual conduct.
9	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N09 · Evidence conditionAre the actual direction and effect value for arachidonic acid verified?Required	The current 3 evidence entries and 3 citations do not verify actual arachidonic acid effect values, direction or analysis results. Reductions for other agonists or the 1995 nonsignificant wording are not substituted. S01 S02 S03	Without a direct original selected-response result, observations remain unrecorded.	Selected-response result tables, original arm-level observations, effect direction/unit and contrast definition.	Extract the selected-response result directly from the original report; attribute actual values, comparison and time.
10	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N10 · Evidence conditionAre allocation, analysis and missing-data n for arachidonic acid verified?Required	S01's 34 people, S02's small sample and S03's 12 RCTs/595 people are their respective report contexts. Arm-specific allocated, measured and analyzed n and missing data for arachidonic acid remain unverified. S01 S02 S03	Evidence linking existing report totals to actual selected-response denominators is unavailable.	Arm-level flow, measured/analyzed n and reasons/handling of missing data for each selected-response aggregation test.	Link analysis populations to reports, participants and aggregation tests; do not substitute overall totals across them.
11	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N11 · Evidence conditionAre selected-response analysis, variance, CI and important differences verified?Required	Arachidonic acid effect estimates, models, SD/SE, CI, significance level and important-difference criteria remain unverified. The broad original EX/CX axes are not an individual selected-response analysis. S01 S02 S03	Without selected-response effects and variance data, an interpretable interval cannot be verified.	Selected-response analysis plans, estimates, variance/CI and support for important-difference criteria.	When actual estimates and intervals are obtained, compare them with planned analyses and important-difference criteria.
12	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N12 · Evidence conditionAre planned versus actual arachidonic acid measurement or omission verified?Required	Registration is marked unconfirmed in the original 3 evidence entries. Naming arachidonic acid in the crux does not verify that it was actually planned, measured or omitted. Comparison of plans, registration and results remains unverified. S01 S02 S03	An endpoint name proves neither planning, conduct nor omission; actual comparison material is unavailable.	Original registration/protocols, complete agonist plans, actual aggregation tests/results and change history.	Compare initial plans with actual specimens/results; distinguish unplanned, unmeasured, summary-omitted and unreported results.
13	Met	Full text not readStored summary read	N13 · Evidence conditionAre other-agonist signals from the 34-person AGE trial retained unchanged?Required	Known results of the 34-person AGE dose trial are partial collagen/epinephrine reductions and a weak ADP threshold signal at the highest dose. They are not promoted to arachidonic acid results. S01	Actual original reported results are retained with their endpoint boundaries.	S01's complete agonist plans/results, dose-specific tables and presence/absence of the selected response.	Retain other-agonist signals; compare actual planning, measurement and results for the selected response against the original report.
14	Met	Full text not readStored summary read	N14 · Evidence conditionIs the opposing 1995 result retained without transferring it to the selected response?Required	The 1995 garlic preparation concerns ADP, PAF and collagen aggregation and is retained as no significant in vivo oral effect. Arachidonic acid is not named in its retained endpoint, and matching to the AGE formulation remains unverified. S02	The opposing context is retained without becoming a direct selected-response null effect or effect of 0.	Complete 1995 product/agonist methods, results and formulation specifications.	Compare the product and complete endpoint table; verify whether the selected response is direct and the original scope of the opposing result.
15	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N15 · Evidence conditionAre the broad 12-RCT review results and inclusion scope for the selected response verified?Required	The review reports 12 RCTs/595 people, 6 positive and the rest null, with heterogeneity preventing a firm conclusion. Included AGE arachidonic acid trials, results and denominators remain unverified in the current summary. S03	The overall review direction is known, but the eligible selected-response subset is unverified.	Review included-trial tables, products/agonists, results/timing, denominators and overlap tables.	Separate the review by formulation and agonist; compare positive/no-difference results and directly eligible scope.
16	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N16 · Evidence conditionAre the same 34 people, review included trials and selected-response families distinguished?Required	S01's multiple doses/agonists belong to the same 34-person report context; S03 is a 12-RCT review. Overlap of S01/S02 with included review trials and the number of direct selected-response families remain unverified. S01 S02 S03	Report types and the shared trial context are known, but complete comparison of included-trial identity/overlap remains unresolved.	A linkage table for registration/papers, recruitment/period, product, selected-response results and review included trials.	Create a report-trial-specimen/participant-endpoint linkage table; distinguish multiple reports and included trials.
17	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N17 · Evidence conditionIs independent direct AGE arachidonic acid replication verified?Required	With direct selected-response results unverified, independent AGE arachidonic acid replication is also unverified. Positive/opposing other-agonist results or a review are not selected-response replication results. S01 S02 S03	Independent replication cannot be certified without direct identity and results.	Identity, product, population, comparison, results/timing and family tables for unique direct selected-response trials.	After verifying directly eligible conditions, compare independent-family results and differences in conditions.
18	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N18 · Evidence conditionAre original funding clues and selected-response product/author independence verified?Supplementary; required for independence claims	Original funding values for all reports are retained. S01 product-support details and S02 funding are unverified; S03 has academic/mixed original-trial funding. Without direct selected-response report identity, product/author/COI information is also unverified. S01 S02 S03	Overall report funding clues exist, while selected-response independence remains unresolved.	Funding/COI, product support and author/institution information for original reports and included trials.	Identify an eligible selected-response report before separately comparing funding, product and author relationships.
19	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N19 · Evidence conditionAre bleeding, event collection, denominators and follow-up for selected-response exposure verified?Supplementary; required for numerical harm claims	The original broad statement that clinical thrombosis or bleeding was not measured is retained. Selected-response exposure identity, bleeding event/person counts, collection, duration, comparison, discontinuation and denominators remain unverified. S01 S02 S03	An experimental endpoint name and broad warnings do not provide selected-response safety tallies.	A product-matched safety population, AE definitions/collection, event/person counts, exposure/follow-up and discontinuation/comparison.	Link selected-response exposure to actual safety populations/events; distinguish aggregation-test results from risk values.
20	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N20 · Evidence conditionAre original bleeding warnings and direct co-use/vulnerable-group data verified?Supplementary; required for the stated safety claim	Warnings advise against unsupervised use with anticoagulants/antiplatelet medicines, bleeding disorders and around surgery. Direct selected-response exposure, events, follow-up and interaction magnitudes in those groups remain unverified. S01 S02 S03	Warning groups and scope are known, while actual vulnerable-group/co-use information remains unresolved.	Products, exposure, events, follow-up, alternative explanations and original warning sources by co-use/group.	Compare original warning support and actual group-specific safety data separately; do not certify personal safety.
21	Not applicable	Full text not readStored summary read	N21 · Evidence conditionDoes the named response also answer thrombosis-prevention or treatment-replacement questions?Supplementary; required only for clinical extensions	The selected question concerns a gap in direct evidence for arachidonic acid-induced responses. It makes no claim about clinical thrombosis prevention, thrombolysis, aspirin replacement or bleeding safety. S01 S02 S03	Separate clinical-event/treatment-replacement claims are outside the current question; event trials are not imposed as mandatory.	Definitions, comparators, denominators, follow-up and clinical results for a separate event question.	Frame clinical-event questions under separate conditions; examine designs/follow-up different from aggregation testing.
22	Not applicable	Full text not readStored summary read	N22 · Evidence conditionAre optimal dose, long-term effects and subgroups needed for this gap question?Supplementary; required only for extension claims	This question asks whether direct AGE arachidonic acid material is verified. It makes no new optimal-dose, post-discontinuation persistence or special-subgroup effect claim. S01 S02 S03	Distinguish identity/result gaps from separate extensions; do not automatically make extension studies mandatory.	If an extension is requested, direct selected-response dose comparisons, discontinuation/long-term and prespecified subgroup data.	After verifying direct selected-response conditions, separately review prespecified analyses and effect modification for each extension.
23	Met	Full text not readStored summary read	N23 · Evidence conditionAre local summaries of the reports distinguished from unread external material?Required	The complete retained summary and all reports were read. External PubMed/DOI gateways and paper full texts remain unattempted, unacquired and unread; no direct arachidonic acid material was newly acquired. S01 S02 S03	Actual local summary reading and unread external material are separated and linked to exact source locations/identity.	Actual material-specific access/acquisition/reading records, versions/locations and physical material.	In authorized later reading, record material, level and version separately; compare summaries against original results.
24	Met	Full text not readStored summary read	N24 · Evidence conditionAre original reference dates and corrections distinguished from individual access dates?Required	The original reference date and correction date for generic English wording are retained historically. Material-specific access date, reading scope and location are absent and unrecorded; current local review time is recorded separately. S01 S02 S03	Event attribution and absent fields are retained without backdating historical access to the present.	Historical material-specific access/version records and complete versions before/after corrections.	Separate reference-date, correction and actual-reading events; compare dates and material levels.
25	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N25 · Evidence conditionIs the scope of a current complete literature check for the arachidonic acid gap available?Required	Unverified arachidonic acid results describe the current retained evidence/citation scope. No new search or exhaustive unpublished/correction/retraction check was performed. The original research account separately describes the contemporary 34-person trial, review and opposing trial. S01 S02 S03	Actual search/inclusion logs establishing completeness beyond current material are unavailable.	Contemporaneous queries/dates, inclusion/exclusion, agonist/formulation candidates and unpublished/correction/retraction logs.	In a separately authorized update, reproduce search scope using the named response and product conditions; compare actual omissions.
26	Met	Full text not readStored summary read	N26 · Evidence conditionAre the C46 parent history and individual arachidonic acid status distinguished?Required	Original C, 46, B/S/R0/I1/EX/B2/CX and Warning remain historical records of the broad parent verdict. The individual arachidonic acid grade and actual selected-response observations are unrecorded. Generic English sample-size/result fields are not selected-response values or successful reading. S01 S02 S03	All original typed values and derived boundaries are retained; no new effect or grade is created.	The complete original summary, identity, boundaries/verdict/corrections and derived-grade policy.	Compare complete preserved original/case values and change events to check that no new selected-response verdict has been created.

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26 itemsWhat the statuses mean

Assessment scope

Stored-material review date: 2026-10-05
Original evidence review date: 2026-09-08
Scope actually checked: Retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records. Full papers, supplements, registrations, plans and original data were not read.
What the dates mean: The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Population: The broad scope mainly concerns healthy adults. Direct material linking the small sample of healthy men in the 1995 report to the actual arachidonic acid population or arm-specific analysis counts remains unverified.
Ingredient, formulation and route: The selected conditions concern oral Allium sativum clove aged-extract AGE capsules. The direct arachidonic acid product, batch, manufacture/aging and SAC/ingredients remain unverified. Other garlic preparations are not substituted.
Dose: The broad AGE doses of 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 g/day belong to a 34-person dose trial on other agonists. Actual arachidonic acid route, dose and intake/adherence remain unverified. The link between nominal doses and the ADP result cell is also unverified.
Comparator: The selected question is AGE versus placebo. A direct placebo comparison matching the actual arachidonic acid product, population, measure and time, its analysis population and between-arm contrast remain unverified.
Measured outcome: The question concerns a gap in direct AGE results for arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation. The endpoint name is retained in the Korean/English crux, but direct reports, numerical results, CI and denominators remain unverified in the current 3 evidence entries and 3 citations.
Duration: Exact arachidonic acid intake duration, blood-draw/testing times, discontinuation/washout and post-discontinuation results remain unverified. The broad short-term, trial-varying description is not converted into a specific duration.
Questions outside this scope: Original C, 46 points, Warning and B/S/R0/I1/EX/B2/CX are historical records of the broad parent verdict. No separate arachidonic acid grade or direct effect is created.; S01’s 34 people are the overall context of another agonist/dose trial. They are neither transferred as arm-specific arachidonic acid analysis counts or unique-replication participants nor added together.; The 1995 report concerns ADP, PAF and collagen; arachidonic acid is not named in its retained endpoint. AGE identity is also unverified. No significant oral effect does not establish an arachidonic acid effect of 0, equivalence or direct AGE refutation.; The review’s 12 RCTs, 595 people and 6 positive trials are overall summary counts. Directly eligible AGE/arachidonic acid trials, results, denominators, overlap and unique replications remain unverified.; Clinical thrombosis prevention, aspirin replacement, optimal dose and long-term persistence are separate extensions beyond this narrow gap question. Bleeding warnings are retained; unverified harms are not converted into safety or absence of events.

Evidence and sources

The links below lead to the sources. A link alone does not mean the original source was read or its latest publication status verified.

S01 · The effects of aged garlic extract on platelet aggregation and adhesion in humans

PubMed

Material type: A retained bibliographic/evidence summary. The actual external material type/version and full-text provision remain unverified.
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Findings recorded in the stored summary: 34 people; partial collagen/epinephrine reductions; a weak ADP threshold signal only at the highest dose. A direct result for the selected response is unverified in the current summary.
Record level: Context from the retained summary; direct AGE/arachidonic acid observations, analysis denominators and numerical results remain unverified.
Study overlap and independent replication: S01 concerns other agonists in a shared 34-person AGE dose trial. S02 concerns ADP, PAF and collagen with unverified AGE identity; S03 is a review of 12 RCTs and 595 people. Unique direct arachidonic acid trials/participants and review overlap remain unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
External PubMed bibliographic/abstract gateway	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	This is the retained PubMed link. Its current response, abstract provision/content and public access were not checked. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
External DOI/publisher gateway	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	This is the retained DOI link. Its current response, publisher provision, original-text version and public access were not checked. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Original paper full text; direct location/version unverified	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	The original paper’s direct physical location, version, provision, public availability, acquisition and actual reading remain unverified. No direct URL is invented. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Retained verdict summary	Retained verdict summary read	Retained copy acquired; summary read	Stored existing review summary read	Relevant retained summary, evidence and citation content was read. This is not the original clinical paper’s bytes or full text. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.

S02 · Effect of a garlic preparation on in vitro platelet aggregation in healthy subjects

PubMed

Material type: A retained bibliographic/evidence summary. The actual external material type/version and full-text provision remain unverified.
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Findings recorded in the stored summary: A small sample of healthy men; ADP, PAF and collagen; no significant in vivo oral effect. AGE product identity and selected-response-specific estimates/CI remain unverified.
Record level: Context from the retained summary; direct AGE/arachidonic acid observations, analysis denominators and numerical results remain unverified.
Study overlap and independent replication: S01 concerns other agonists in a shared 34-person AGE dose trial. S02 concerns ADP, PAF and collagen with unverified AGE identity; S03 is a review of 12 RCTs and 595 people. Unique direct arachidonic acid trials/participants and review overlap remain unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
External PubMed bibliographic/abstract gateway	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	This is the retained PubMed link. Its current response, abstract provision/content and public access were not checked. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
External DOI/publisher gateway	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	This is the retained DOI link. Its current response, publisher provision, original-text version and public access were not checked. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Original paper full text; direct location/version unverified	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	The original paper’s direct physical location, version, provision, public availability, acquisition and actual reading remain unverified. No direct URL is invented. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Retained verdict summary	Retained verdict summary read	Retained copy acquired; summary read	Stored existing review summary read	Relevant retained summary, evidence and citation content was read. This is not the original clinical paper’s bytes or full text. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.

S03 · Garlic supplementation and platelet aggregation: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

PubMed

Material type: A retained bibliographic/evidence summary. The actual external material type/version and full-text provision remain unverified.
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Findings recorded in the stored summary: 12 RCTs and 595 people; 6 positive and the rest null; heterogeneity prevents a conclusion. Included trials, results and overlap for the selected response remain unverified.
Record level: Context from the retained summary; direct AGE/arachidonic acid observations, analysis denominators and numerical results remain unverified.
Study overlap and independent replication: S01 concerns other agonists in a shared 34-person AGE dose trial. S02 concerns ADP, PAF and collagen with unverified AGE identity; S03 is a review of 12 RCTs and 595 people. Unique direct arachidonic acid trials/participants and review overlap remain unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
External PubMed bibliographic/abstract gateway	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	This is the retained PubMed link. Its current response, abstract provision/content and public access were not checked. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
External DOI/publisher gateway	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	This is the retained DOI link. Its current response, publisher provision, original-text version and public access were not checked. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Original paper full text; direct location/version unverified	External access not attempted; not acquired; unread	External access not attempted; not acquired	Not read	The original paper’s direct physical location, version, provision, public availability, acquisition and actual reading remain unverified. No direct URL is invented. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.
Retained verdict summary	Retained verdict summary read	Retained copy acquired; summary read	Stored existing review summary read	Relevant retained summary, evidence and citation content was read. This is not the original clinical paper’s bytes or full text. A report linked to retained summaries and citations. External gateways, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted in this conversion. The displayed material date is the case-record review date. Original verdict review, correction and case review dates are not historical access dates for individual external materials or search cut-offs. Historical external access dates and reading scope are unrecorded; external access was not attempted in this conversion.

Report counts versus independent study counts

S01 concerns other agonists in a shared 34-person AGE dose trial. S02 concerns ADP, PAF and collagen with unverified AGE identity; S03 is a review of 12 RCTs and 595 people. Unique direct arachidonic acid trials/participants and review overlap remain unverified.

Review criteria

Version 1.2 · Criteria record date 2026-10-05. These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the referenced methods. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

N01 · Is the broad parent text distinguished from the arachidonic acid result-gap question?

Required materials and conditions: The original broad claim, endpoint name in the crux, derived comparison and change history.
Conditions for verification: Keep the original effect statement and empty subclaim list unchanged; separately fix the question of direct AGE evidence for arachidonic acid-induced responses.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: This subquestion is not an original subclaim and creates no separate clinical grade.
Why this condition is needed: Distinguish a named endpoint's evidence gap from the existing broad parent verdict.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N02 · Is a direct AGE arachidonic acid report and comparison verified?

Required materials and conditions: Original reports, methods, results and citations linking AGE, arachidonic acid and an actual comparator.
Conditions for verification: Identify an actual report establishing formulation, population, arachidonic acid endpoint, placebo and timing together.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn a gap in the current summary into worldwide absence of studies, existence of a paper or a null effect.
Why this condition is needed: Do not fill an empty result with an invented report.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N03 · Are the selected AGE identity and actual arachidonic acid trial-product specifications verified?

Required materials and conditions: Product name, manufacture/aging, batch, SAC/ingredients and comparison specifications in methods for the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish the broad AGE capsule identity from the product/batch, SAC, manufacture/aging and ingredients used for the selected response.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not assume that the 1995 garlic preparation is AGE or an arachidonic acid trial product.
Why this condition is needed: Do not transfer selected-response results to another garlic formulation or isolated ingredient.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N04 · Are actual route, dose and intake linked to the arachidonic acid result verified?

Required materials and conditions: Product/administration records, intake/adherence, changes/discontinuation and a measurement linkage table for the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Directly verify the route, product/active amount, frequency and adherence of exposure in which this response was measured.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not substitute the nominal 7.2 g/day in the parent dose list or the weak ADP threshold signal at the highest dose for actual arachidonic acid dose/effect. The link between nominal doses and the ADP result cell also remains unverified.
Why this condition is needed: The stated amount for another result does not establish exposure for the selected response.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N05 · Are the actual population, eligibility and baseline status for the arachidonic acid response verified?

Required materials and conditions: Population/eligibility, baseline tables, medication/disease exclusions and analysis population for the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Verify population, inclusion/exclusion, baseline function, disease/co-medication and actual analysis population in the selected-response report.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not treat healthy adults, 34 people or a small male sample as an established selected-response population.
Why this condition is needed: Do not repurpose a population from another result as the direct selected-response population.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N06 · Are arachidonic acid exposure duration and testing times verified?

Required materials and conditions: Administration/discontinuation, washout, blood-draw/testing schedules and result times for the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Link administration, discontinuation/washout, blood draw and testing times under the same comparison conditions.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not automatically inherit another trial's duration or persistence of effect.
Why this condition is needed: Do not convert nominal short-term wording into a specific selected-response assessment time.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N07 · Are the named arachidonic acid endpoint and exact measure verified?

Required materials and conditions: Aggregation-test methods, specimen/equipment, agonist concentration, measure/unit and assessment procedures for the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Retain the endpoint name in the crux; verify maximum aggregation/threshold, agonist concentration, specimen, test method, unit and direction.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not select broad maximum aggregation or threshold as the exact measure for this response.
Why this condition is needed: Existence of a name and actual measurement are different facts.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N08 · Are allocation, blinding and co-use for a direct arachidonic acid comparison verified?

Required materials and conditions: Original methods, comparator composition, allocation/concealment, co-use/adherence and assessment blinding for the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Verify actual comparator, allocation/concealment, baseline, co-use/adherence and assessment procedures for the selected-response result.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unverified selected-response study into an established parallel/crossover design or randomization failure.
Why this condition is needed: An RCT label alone does not establish that a comparison for another response exists.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N09 · Are the actual direction and effect value for arachidonic acid verified?

Required materials and conditions: Selected-response result tables, original arm-level observations, effect direction/unit and contrast definition.
Conditions for verification: Link original results, between-arm/within-arm contrasts, unit, timing and analysis for this response to an actual report.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unverified result into an effect of 0, a null effect or an opposing result.
Why this condition is needed: Do not invent positive, no-difference or unfavorable results.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N10 · Are allocation, analysis and missing-data n for arachidonic acid verified?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-level flow, measured/analyzed n and reasons/handling of missing data for each selected-response aggregation test.
Conditions for verification: Verify arm-specific allocated/measured/completed/analyzed n, attrition reasons and missing-data handling for the selected response.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not add 34 and 595 or calculate a new unique participant count.
Why this condition is needed: Totals for other endpoints are not selected-response denominators.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N11 · Are selected-response analysis, variance, CI and important differences verified?

Required materials and conditions: Selected-response analysis plans, estimates, variance/CI and support for important-difference criteria.
Conditions for verification: Verify models, assignment/adherence effects, SD/SE, CI and important-difference criteria for arachidonic acid estimates.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not invent CI, P, an effect of 0 or a minimum participant threshold.
Why this condition is needed: Do not judge precision or sufficiency from broad axes or sample sizes.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N12 · Are planned versus actual arachidonic acid measurement or omission verified?

Required materials and conditions: Original registration/protocols, complete agonist plans, actual aggregation tests/results and change history.
Conditions for verification: Verify selected-response plans, registration, dose/concentration/timing, analysis, actual publication reporting and reasons for changes.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not treat unobtained registration as nonregistration or a crux name as preregistration.
Why this condition is needed: Do not turn a summary gap into established selective reporting across the entire paper.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N13 · Are other-agonist signals from the 34-person AGE trial retained unchanged?

Required materials and conditions: S01's complete agonist plans/results, dose-specific tables and presence/absence of the selected response.
Conditions for verification: Retain S01's partial collagen/epinephrine reductions and weak highest-dose ADP threshold under their original endpoints; do not transfer them to the selected response.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not substitute ADP threshold for reduced arachidonic acid maximum aggregation.
Why this condition is needed: Do not erase existing positive adjacent evidence merely to leave a gap.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N14 · Is the opposing 1995 result retained without transferring it to the selected response?

Required materials and conditions: Complete 1995 product/agonist methods, results and formulation specifications.
Conditions for verification: Retain the 1995 ADP/PAF/collagen result and unverified preparation identity; distinguish them from direct arachidonic acid refutation.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not treat nonsignificance as equivalence, AGE ineffectiveness or arachidonic acid ineffectiveness.
Why this condition is needed: Prevent both discarding an opposing result and transferring it to the wrong selected response.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N15 · Are the broad 12-RCT review results and inclusion scope for the selected response verified?

Required materials and conditions: Review included-trial tables, products/agonists, results/timing, denominators and overlap tables.
Conditions for verification: Retain the review's 12 RCTs, 595 people and 6 positive/rest null results; verify actual included AGE/arachidonic acid trials and results.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn 6 positive trials into 6 positive selected-response trials or count the review as separate clinical replication.
Why this condition is needed: Review direction and direct selected-response results are different facts.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N16 · Are the same 34 people, review included trials and selected-response families distinguished?

Required materials and conditions: A linkage table for registration/papers, recruitment/period, product, selected-response results and review included trials.
Conditions for verification: Verify the same 34 people across original doses/endpoints and overlap from review recitation/included trials; leave the selected-response unique-family count unresolved.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not assume that an arachidonic acid selected-response family exists or automatically generate unique counts.
Why this condition is needed: Do not count the same participants as independent populations for different endpoints.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N17 · Is independent direct AGE arachidonic acid replication verified?

Required materials and conditions: Identity, product, population, comparison, results/timing and family tables for unique direct selected-response trials.
Conditions for verification: Verify unique independent results under matching selected-response formulation, population, comparison, measure and timing conditions.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Unverified does not establish 0 studies worldwide or absence of effect.
Why this condition is needed: Do not inherit original R0/I1 as an individual selected-response replication verdict.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N18 · Are original funding clues and selected-response product/author independence verified?

Required materials and conditions: Funding/COI, product support and author/institution information for original reports and included trials.
Conditions for verification: Retain S01 unverified product-support details, S02 unverified funding and S03 academic/mixed funding; verify selected-response funding/product/author/COI.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for independence claims
Application exceptions: Do not use the generic English funding field as actual verification of selected-response interests.
Why this condition is needed: Unverified funding establishes neither independent funding nor absence of bias.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N19 · Are bleeding, event collection, denominators and follow-up for selected-response exposure verified?

Required materials and conditions: A product-matched safety population, AE definitions/collection, event/person counts, exposure/follow-up and discontinuation/comparison.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish the aggregation-test gap from actual bleeding/severity/discontinuation definitions, comparisons, event/person counts, exposure/follow-up and collection.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for numerical harm claims
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unrecorded selected-response result into 0 events or substitute 34/595 as harm denominators.
Why this condition is needed: Do not convert unverified harms into no harm.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N20 · Are original bleeding warnings and direct co-use/vulnerable-group data verified?

Required materials and conditions: Products, exposure, events, follow-up, alternative explanations and original warning sources by co-use/group.
Conditions for verification: Retain original anticoagulant/antiplatelet, bleeding-disorder and surgical warnings; verify direct selected-response exposure, events/alternatives and long-term/rare-harm information.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for the stated safety claim
Application exceptions: Retaining an original warning creates no new harm-causality verdict, safety grade or dosing prescription.
Why this condition is needed: Retain warnings separately from the efficacy gap.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N21 · Does the named response also answer thrombosis-prevention or treatment-replacement questions?

Required materials and conditions: Definitions, comparators, denominators, follow-up and clinical results for a separate event question.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish the selected-response aggregation-test gap from separate questions of clinical thrombosis/bleeding, thrombolysis and aspirin replacement.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required only for clinical extensions
Application exceptions: Not applicable does not mean no clinical events, no harm or an effect of 0.
Why this condition is needed: An experimental response name alone does not establish clinical prevention.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N22 · Are optimal dose, long-term effects and subgroups needed for this gap question?

Required materials and conditions: If an extension is requested, direct selected-response dose comparisons, discontinuation/long-term and prespecified subgroup data.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish direct selected-response result identity from separate dose, discontinuation/long-term and subgroup-effect questions.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required only for extension claims
Application exceptions: Do not erase other favorable results because a direct selected-response result is unavailable.
Why this condition is needed: Do not repurpose another dose trial as selected-response optimization.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N23 · Are local summaries of the reports distinguished from unread external material?

Required materials and conditions: Actual material-specific access/acquisition/reading records, versions/locations and physical material.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish 3 evidence entries/3 citations and actual Korean/English local reading from unattempted, unacquired and unread external PubMed/DOI/full texts.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not inherit a report's access history onto a DOI gateway or treat unattempted access as failed access.
Why this condition is needed: A link or summary does not establish acquisition of original selected-response material.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N24 · Are original reference dates and corrections distinguished from individual access dates?

Required materials and conditions: Historical material-specific access/version records and complete versions before/after corrections.
Conditions for verification: Retain the original review date 2026-09-08 and correction 2026-09-14; distinguish the actual current date from unrecorded individual access dates.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn historical research descriptions into current reading of arachidonic acid full texts.
Why this condition is needed: A global review date is not an access date for each external material.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N25 · Is the scope of a current complete literature check for the arachidonic acid gap available?

Required materials and conditions: Contemporaneous queries/dates, inclusion/exclusion, agonist/formulation candidates and unpublished/correction/retraction logs.
Conditions for verification: Verify actual queries, dates, inclusion/exclusion, unpublished/correction logs and the scope of the complete current evidence check for AGE arachidonic acid. Separately state the current summary gap and that no new search was performed.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn 0 new searches into 0 selected-response studies or established nonreporting across the entire paper.
Why this condition is needed: Reading the complete current source differs from an exhaustive current clinical-literature check.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

N26 · Are the C46 parent history and individual arachidonic acid status distinguished?

Required materials and conditions: The complete original summary, identity, boundaries/verdict/corrections and derived-grade policy.
Conditions for verification: Retain original grade/score/axes/Warning, all evidence values, empty arrays and corrections; explicitly state that a separate selected-response grade is unrecorded.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unrecorded observation into a numeric 0 or null effect.
Why this condition is needed: The broad parent grade does not verify a direct selected-response effect.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Referenced methods and the sections actually reviewed

M03 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13

Referenced principle: Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.
Extent of review: Retained method-application records were reused. External originals were not reread and method content was not reassessed.

M04 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03

Official methodology · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42

Referenced principle: Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.
Extent of review: Retained method-application records were reused. External originals were not reread and method content was not reassessed.

M08 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a

Referenced principle: Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.
Extent of review: Retained method-application records were reused. External originals were not reread and method content was not reassessed.

M15 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3

Referenced principle: Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.
Extent of review: Retained method-application records were reused. External originals were not reread and method content was not reassessed.

M19 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4

Referenced principle: Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.
Extent of review: Retained method-application records were reused. External originals were not reread and method content was not reassessed.

What the statuses mean

Met: Limited verification of the retained identity, observation or scope required by this row. This is separate from clinical sufficiency or full-text certification.
Partly verified: Some facts needed by the question are known, while the stated analysis, population, formulation or denominator remains unverified.
Unverified: Direct information for this question is unverified in the retained scope. This does not mean an effect of 0, no studies, no harm or an unreviewed table.
Not applicable: A specific extension obligation lies outside the narrow question. This does not substitute for unread or unverified material.
Not applicable (alias): A grey-display alias of Not applicable.
Not read: The external material was not directly read in the current work. This is separate from reading the retained local summary.
Conflicting data: Actual disagreement between reports under the same conditions. Differences between other questions alone do not establish conflict.

Change history

2026-10-26 · Public page/material version 1.0

The public view and materials were prepared from the existing 26 items. No new clinical search, verification-state change or scoring was performed.

The stored-material review date (2026-10-05) and original evidence review date (2026-09-08) were retained unchanged.

Researcher downloads

These materials provide the same evidence, scope and verification status as this page.

View all item details

N01 · Is the broad parent text distinguished from the arachidonic acid result-gap question?

Current findings: The original effect statement is reduction of ex vivo platelet aggregation. This table asks about the gap in direct AGE results for the arachidonic acid response separately named in the crux. This subquestion is not an index in the original subclaim array.
Verification status: Met
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: The defined boundary is linked to the original text; naming a response creates neither new efficacy evidence nor a paper.
Reason for missing information: The identity of the question is verified. This does not establish that the AGE effect on this response is known.
Required materials and conditions: The original broad claim, endpoint name in the crux, derived comparison and change history.
Materials to obtain first: The original broad claim, endpoint name in the crux, derived comparison and change history.
Further research: If the question changes, compare the explicitly named original endpoint with the new scope.
Remaining uncertainty: The identity of the question is verified. This does not establish that the AGE effect on this response is known.
Conditions for verification: Keep the original effect statement and empty subclaim list unchanged; separately fix the question of direct AGE evidence for arachidonic acid-induced responses.
Why this condition is needed: Distinguish a named endpoint's evidence gap from the existing broad parent verdict.
Application exceptions: This subquestion is not an original subclaim and creates no separate clinical grade.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N02 · Is a direct AGE arachidonic acid report and comparison verified?

Current findings: Arachidonic acid is explicitly named as an endpoint in the Korean/English crux. The current 3 evidence entries and 3 citations do not verify a direct result or report for it. All 3 existing reports are retained; no new S04 or paper is created.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: An endpoint name is not evidence that a direct trial/paper or an AGE-placebo result exists.
Reason for missing information: The identity of a direct AGE report/comparison for this response and its actual result remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Original reports, methods, results and citations linking AGE, arachidonic acid and an actual comparator.
Materials to obtain first: Original reports, methods, results and citations linking AGE, arachidonic acid and an actual comparator.
Further research: First compare this endpoint against the complete plans/results of the current 3 reports; record the presence or absence of direct material within a stated scope.
Remaining uncertainty: The identity of a direct AGE report/comparison for this response and its actual result remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Identify an actual report establishing formulation, population, arachidonic acid endpoint, placebo and timing together.
Why this condition is needed: Do not fill an empty result with an invented report.
Application exceptions: Do not turn a gap in the current summary into worldwide absence of studies, existence of a paper or a null effect.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N03 · Are the selected AGE identity and actual arachidonic acid trial-product specifications verified?

Current findings: The broad claim conditions describe Allium sativum clove aged-extract AGE capsules and unverified trial-specific SAC specifications. The direct arachidonic acid product, batch and SAC/ingredients are currently unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: A broad product name exists, but direct material for comparing the selected-response trial product's identity is unavailable.
Reason for missing information: Actual product, specification and matching to AGE for the arachidonic acid response are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Product name, manufacture/aging, batch, SAC/ingredients and comparison specifications in methods for the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: Product name, manufacture/aging, batch, SAC/ingredients and comparison specifications in methods for the selected response.
Further research: Verify the product's molecular identity, manufacture and specifications before comparing result eligibility.
Remaining uncertainty: Actual product, specification and matching to AGE for the arachidonic acid response are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish the broad AGE capsule identity from the product/batch, SAC, manufacture/aging and ingredients used for the selected response.
Why this condition is needed: Do not transfer selected-response results to another garlic formulation or isolated ingredient.
Application exceptions: Do not assume that the 1995 garlic preparation is AGE or an arachidonic acid trial product.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N04 · Are actual route, dose and intake linked to the arachidonic acid result verified?

Current findings: The broad original text describes oral AGE at 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 g/day. These doses belong to the context of a 34-person report on other agonists; actual route, dose and intake for arachidonic acid remain unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Actual exposure data linked to the selected-response result are unavailable.
Reason for missing information: Route, dose, adherence and changes/discontinuation for people measured for arachidonic acid remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Product/administration records, intake/adherence, changes/discontinuation and a measurement linkage table for the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: Product/administration records, intake/adherence, changes/discontinuation and a measurement linkage table for the selected response.
Further research: Link exposure records to aggregation-test participants; separate broad nominal doses from actual amounts for the selected response.
Remaining uncertainty: Route, dose, adherence and changes/discontinuation for people measured for arachidonic acid remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Directly verify the route, product/active amount, frequency and adherence of exposure in which this response was measured.
Why this condition is needed: The stated amount for another result does not establish exposure for the selected response.
Application exceptions: Do not substitute the nominal 7.2 g/day in the parent dose list or the weak ADP threshold signal at the highest dose for actual arachidonic acid dose/effect. The link between nominal doses and the ADP result cell also remains unverified.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N05 · Are the actual population, eligibility and baseline status for the arachidonic acid response verified?

Current findings: The broad population mainly concerns healthy adults; the 1995 candidate is a small sample of healthy men. Direct material linking these to the actual arachidonic acid population or arm-specific analysis n is unavailable.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Direct population/eligibility information for a reported selected response is unverified.
Reason for missing information: Population/eligibility, baseline, co-use and representativeness data for arachidonic acid measurements are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Population/eligibility, baseline tables, medication/disease exclusions and analysis population for the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: Population/eligibility, baseline tables, medication/disease exclusions and analysis population for the selected response.
Further research: Link actual participants to aggregation-test data; do not expand applicability using a broad population label.
Remaining uncertainty: Population/eligibility, baseline, co-use and representativeness data for arachidonic acid measurements are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Verify population, inclusion/exclusion, baseline function, disease/co-medication and actual analysis population in the selected-response report.
Why this condition is needed: Do not repurpose a population from another result as the direct selected-response population.
Application exceptions: Do not treat healthy adults, 34 people or a small male sample as an established selected-response population.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02

N06 · Are arachidonic acid exposure duration and testing times verified?

Current findings: The broad duration is short-term and varies by trial; exact administration duration, blood-draw/testing times and post-discontinuation results for arachidonic acid are currently unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: A direct schedule supporting the selected-response timing conditions is unavailable.
Reason for missing information: Exposure duration and blood-draw/testing/follow-up schedules for arachidonic acid results remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Administration/discontinuation, washout, blood-draw/testing schedules and result times for the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: Administration/discontinuation, washout, blood-draw/testing schedules and result times for the selected response.
Further research: Compare planned and actual testing dates; distinguish responses at different times.
Remaining uncertainty: Exposure duration and blood-draw/testing/follow-up schedules for arachidonic acid results remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Link administration, discontinuation/washout, blood draw and testing times under the same comparison conditions.
Why this condition is needed: Do not convert nominal short-term wording into a specific selected-response assessment time.
Application exceptions: Do not automatically inherit another trial's duration or persistence of effect.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N07 · Are the named arachidonic acid endpoint and exact measure verified?

Current findings: The Korean/English crux distinguishes arachidonic acid from other agonists. Maximum aggregation/threshold, concentration, test method, unit and direction for this response remain unverified in retained evidence.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: The endpoint name is verified, while actual measurement conditions remain unresolved.
Reason for missing information: Measure, concentration, unit and collection/assessment procedures for arachidonic acid aggregation testing are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Aggregation-test methods, specimen/equipment, agonist concentration, measure/unit and assessment procedures for the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: Aggregation-test methods, specimen/equipment, agonist concentration, measure/unit and assessment procedures for the selected response.
Further research: Directly link methods to result measures; distinguish ADP/other-agonist material.
Remaining uncertainty: Measure, concentration, unit and collection/assessment procedures for arachidonic acid aggregation testing are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Retain the endpoint name in the crux; verify maximum aggregation/threshold, agonist concentration, specimen, test method, unit and direction.
Why this condition is needed: Existence of a name and actual measurement are different facts.
Application exceptions: Do not select broad maximum aggregation or threshold as the exact measure for this response.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N08 · Are allocation, blinding and co-use for a direct arachidonic acid comparison verified?

Current findings: S01 is a randomized double-blind placebo dose trial; S02 is a double-blind placebo trial. Neither design label is linked to direct arachidonic acid results; selected-response allocation, co-use and blinding remain unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: A design for another endpoint is not verified as a direct selected-response design.
Reason for missing information: Direct comparator, allocation/concealment, co-use, baseline and assessment-procedure data for the selected response are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Original methods, comparator composition, allocation/concealment, co-use/adherence and assessment blinding for the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: Original methods, comparator composition, allocation/concealment, co-use/adherence and assessment blinding for the selected response.
Further research: Identify a direct selected-response report before comparing its methods with actual conduct.
Remaining uncertainty: Direct comparator, allocation/concealment, co-use, baseline and assessment-procedure data for the selected response are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Verify actual comparator, allocation/concealment, baseline, co-use/adherence and assessment procedures for the selected-response result.
Why this condition is needed: An RCT label alone does not establish that a comparison for another response exists.
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unverified selected-response study into an established parallel/crossover design or randomization failure.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02

N09 · Are the actual direction and effect value for arachidonic acid verified?

Current findings: The current 3 evidence entries and 3 citations do not verify actual arachidonic acid effect values, direction or analysis results. Reductions for other agonists or the 1995 nonsignificant wording are not substituted.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Without a direct original selected-response result, observations remain unrecorded.
Reason for missing information: An original location for direct arachidonic acid direction, effect, timing and analysis is unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Selected-response result tables, original arm-level observations, effect direction/unit and contrast definition.
Materials to obtain first: Selected-response result tables, original arm-level observations, effect direction/unit and contrast definition.
Further research: Extract the selected-response result directly from the original report; attribute actual values, comparison and time.
Remaining uncertainty: An original location for direct arachidonic acid direction, effect, timing and analysis is unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Link original results, between-arm/within-arm contrasts, unit, timing and analysis for this response to an actual report.
Why this condition is needed: Do not invent positive, no-difference or unfavorable results.
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unverified result into an effect of 0, a null effect or an opposing result.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N10 · Are allocation, analysis and missing-data n for arachidonic acid verified?

Current findings: S01's 34 people, S02's small sample and S03's 12 RCTs/595 people are their respective report contexts. Arm-specific allocated, measured and analyzed n and missing data for arachidonic acid remain unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Evidence linking existing report totals to actual selected-response denominators is unavailable.
Reason for missing information: Analyzed n, completion, missing data and attrition reasons/handling for the selected response are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-level flow, measured/analyzed n and reasons/handling of missing data for each selected-response aggregation test.
Materials to obtain first: Arm-level flow, measured/analyzed n and reasons/handling of missing data for each selected-response aggregation test.
Further research: Link analysis populations to reports, participants and aggregation tests; do not substitute overall totals across them.
Remaining uncertainty: Analyzed n, completion, missing data and attrition reasons/handling for the selected response are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Verify arm-specific allocated/measured/completed/analyzed n, attrition reasons and missing-data handling for the selected response.
Why this condition is needed: Totals for other endpoints are not selected-response denominators.
Application exceptions: Do not add 34 and 595 or calculate a new unique participant count.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N11 · Are selected-response analysis, variance, CI and important differences verified?

Current findings: Arachidonic acid effect estimates, models, SD/SE, CI, significance level and important-difference criteria remain unverified. The broad original EX/CX axes are not an individual selected-response analysis.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Without selected-response effects and variance data, an interpretable interval cannot be verified.
Reason for missing information: Original estimates, variance, intervals and importance criteria are unavailable; they are not filled by new calculations.
Required materials and conditions: Selected-response analysis plans, estimates, variance/CI and support for important-difference criteria.
Materials to obtain first: Selected-response analysis plans, estimates, variance/CI and support for important-difference criteria.
Further research: When actual estimates and intervals are obtained, compare them with planned analyses and important-difference criteria.
Remaining uncertainty: Original estimates, variance, intervals and importance criteria are unavailable; they are not filled by new calculations.
Conditions for verification: Verify models, assignment/adherence effects, SD/SE, CI and important-difference criteria for arachidonic acid estimates.
Why this condition is needed: Do not judge precision or sufficiency from broad axes or sample sizes.
Application exceptions: Do not invent CI, P, an effect of 0 or a minimum participant threshold.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N12 · Are planned versus actual arachidonic acid measurement or omission verified?

Current findings: Registration is marked unconfirmed in the original 3 evidence entries. Naming arachidonic acid in the crux does not verify that it was actually planned, measured or omitted. Comparison of plans, registration and results remains unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: An endpoint name proves neither planning, conduct nor omission; actual comparison material is unavailable.
Reason for missing information: Selected-response prespecification, measurement conduct, reasons for nonreporting/changes and multiplicity rules are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Original registration/protocols, complete agonist plans, actual aggregation tests/results and change history.
Materials to obtain first: Original registration/protocols, complete agonist plans, actual aggregation tests/results and change history.
Further research: Compare initial plans with actual specimens/results; distinguish unplanned, unmeasured, summary-omitted and unreported results.
Remaining uncertainty: Selected-response prespecification, measurement conduct, reasons for nonreporting/changes and multiplicity rules are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Verify selected-response plans, registration, dose/concentration/timing, analysis, actual publication reporting and reasons for changes.
Why this condition is needed: Do not turn a summary gap into established selective reporting across the entire paper.
Application exceptions: Do not treat unobtained registration as nonregistration or a crux name as preregistration.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N13 · Are other-agonist signals from the 34-person AGE trial retained unchanged?

Current findings: Known results of the 34-person AGE dose trial are partial collagen/epinephrine reductions and a weak ADP threshold signal at the highest dose. They are not promoted to arachidonic acid results.
Verification status: Met
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Actual original reported results are retained with their endpoint boundaries.
Reason for missing information: Signals for other endpoints are verified. Original S01 results/plans for the selected response remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: S01's complete agonist plans/results, dose-specific tables and presence/absence of the selected response.
Materials to obtain first: S01's complete agonist plans/results, dose-specific tables and presence/absence of the selected response.
Further research: Retain other-agonist signals; compare actual planning, measurement and results for the selected response against the original report.
Remaining uncertainty: Signals for other endpoints are verified. Original S01 results/plans for the selected response remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Retain S01's partial collagen/epinephrine reductions and weak highest-dose ADP threshold under their original endpoints; do not transfer them to the selected response.
Why this condition is needed: Do not erase existing positive adjacent evidence merely to leave a gap.
Application exceptions: Do not substitute ADP threshold for reduced arachidonic acid maximum aggregation.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01

N14 · Is the opposing 1995 result retained without transferring it to the selected response?

Current findings: The 1995 garlic preparation concerns ADP, PAF and collagen aggregation and is retained as no significant in vivo oral effect. Arachidonic acid is not named in its retained endpoint, and matching to the AGE formulation remains unverified.
Verification status: Met
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: The opposing context is retained without becoming a direct selected-response null effect or effect of 0.
Reason for missing information: The original scope of the opposing report is verified. Measurement of the selected response in the entire paper and actual formulation identity remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Complete 1995 product/agonist methods, results and formulation specifications.
Materials to obtain first: Complete 1995 product/agonist methods, results and formulation specifications.
Further research: Compare the product and complete endpoint table; verify whether the selected response is direct and the original scope of the opposing result.
Remaining uncertainty: The original scope of the opposing report is verified. Measurement of the selected response in the entire paper and actual formulation identity remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Retain the 1995 ADP/PAF/collagen result and unverified preparation identity; distinguish them from direct arachidonic acid refutation.
Why this condition is needed: Prevent both discarding an opposing result and transferring it to the wrong selected response.
Application exceptions: Do not treat nonsignificance as equivalence, AGE ineffectiveness or arachidonic acid ineffectiveness.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S02

N15 · Are the broad 12-RCT review results and inclusion scope for the selected response verified?

Current findings: The review reports 12 RCTs/595 people, 6 positive and the rest null, with heterogeneity preventing a firm conclusion. Included AGE arachidonic acid trials, results and denominators remain unverified in the current summary.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: The overall review direction is known, but the eligible selected-response subset is unverified.
Reason for missing information: Overall review counts cannot verify selected-response trial numbers, participants or effects.
Required materials and conditions: Review included-trial tables, products/agonists, results/timing, denominators and overlap tables.
Materials to obtain first: Review included-trial tables, products/agonists, results/timing, denominators and overlap tables.
Further research: Separate the review by formulation and agonist; compare positive/no-difference results and directly eligible scope.
Remaining uncertainty: Overall review counts cannot verify selected-response trial numbers, participants or effects.
Conditions for verification: Retain the review's 12 RCTs, 595 people and 6 positive/rest null results; verify actual included AGE/arachidonic acid trials and results.
Why this condition is needed: Review direction and direct selected-response results are different facts.
Application exceptions: Do not turn 6 positive trials into 6 positive selected-response trials or count the review as separate clinical replication.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S03

N16 · Are the same 34 people, review included trials and selected-response families distinguished?

Current findings: S01's multiple doses/agonists belong to the same 34-person report context; S03 is a 12-RCT review. Overlap of S01/S02 with included review trials and the number of direct selected-response families remain unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Report types and the shared trial context are known, but complete comparison of included-trial identity/overlap remains unresolved.
Reason for missing information: Unique selected-response trials/participants and overlap between the review and original reports remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: A linkage table for registration/papers, recruitment/period, product, selected-response results and review included trials.
Materials to obtain first: A linkage table for registration/papers, recruitment/period, product, selected-response results and review included trials.
Further research: Create a report-trial-specimen/participant-endpoint linkage table; distinguish multiple reports and included trials.
Remaining uncertainty: Unique selected-response trials/participants and overlap between the review and original reports remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Verify the same 34 people across original doses/endpoints and overlap from review recitation/included trials; leave the selected-response unique-family count unresolved.
Why this condition is needed: Do not count the same participants as independent populations for different endpoints.
Application exceptions: Do not assume that an arachidonic acid selected-response family exists or automatically generate unique counts.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N17 · Is independent direct AGE arachidonic acid replication verified?

Current findings: With direct selected-response results unverified, independent AGE arachidonic acid replication is also unverified. Positive/opposing other-agonist results or a review are not selected-response replication results.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Independent replication cannot be certified without direct identity and results.
Reason for missing information: Directly eligible families and the distribution of replication results for the selected response remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Identity, product, population, comparison, results/timing and family tables for unique direct selected-response trials.
Materials to obtain first: Identity, product, population, comparison, results/timing and family tables for unique direct selected-response trials.
Further research: After verifying directly eligible conditions, compare independent-family results and differences in conditions.
Remaining uncertainty: Directly eligible families and the distribution of replication results for the selected response remain unverified.
Conditions for verification: Verify unique independent results under matching selected-response formulation, population, comparison, measure and timing conditions.
Why this condition is needed: Do not inherit original R0/I1 as an individual selected-response replication verdict.
Application exceptions: Unverified does not establish 0 studies worldwide or absence of effect.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N18 · Are original funding clues and selected-response product/author independence verified?

Current findings: Original funding values for all reports are retained. S01 product-support details and S02 funding are unverified; S03 has academic/mixed original-trial funding. Without direct selected-response report identity, product/author/COI information is also unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Overall report funding clues exist, while selected-response independence remains unresolved.
Reason for missing information: Direct selected-response funding, product provision, author/institution/patent, declared COI and included-trial relationships are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Funding/COI, product support and author/institution information for original reports and included trials.
Materials to obtain first: Funding/COI, product support and author/institution information for original reports and included trials.
Further research: Identify an eligible selected-response report before separately comparing funding, product and author relationships.
Remaining uncertainty: Direct selected-response funding, product provision, author/institution/patent, declared COI and included-trial relationships are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Retain S01 unverified product-support details, S02 unverified funding and S03 academic/mixed funding; verify selected-response funding/product/author/COI.
Why this condition is needed: Unverified funding establishes neither independent funding nor absence of bias.
Application exceptions: Do not use the generic English funding field as actual verification of selected-response interests.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N19 · Are bleeding, event collection, denominators and follow-up for selected-response exposure verified?

Current findings: The original broad statement that clinical thrombosis or bleeding was not measured is retained. Selected-response exposure identity, bleeding event/person counts, collection, duration, comparison, discontinuation and denominators remain unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: An experimental endpoint name and broad warnings do not provide selected-response safety tallies.
Reason for missing information: Harm definitions/collection, denominators, time, comparison and discontinuation information for matching selected-response exposure are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: A product-matched safety population, AE definitions/collection, event/person counts, exposure/follow-up and discontinuation/comparison.
Materials to obtain first: A product-matched safety population, AE definitions/collection, event/person counts, exposure/follow-up and discontinuation/comparison.
Further research: Link selected-response exposure to actual safety populations/events; distinguish aggregation-test results from risk values.
Remaining uncertainty: Harm definitions/collection, denominators, time, comparison and discontinuation information for matching selected-response exposure are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish the aggregation-test gap from actual bleeding/severity/discontinuation definitions, comparisons, event/person counts, exposure/follow-up and collection.
Why this condition is needed: Do not convert unverified harms into no harm.
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unrecorded selected-response result into 0 events or substitute 34/595 as harm denominators.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N20 · Are original bleeding warnings and direct co-use/vulnerable-group data verified?

Current findings: Warnings advise against unsupervised use with anticoagulants/antiplatelet medicines, bleeding disorders and around surgery. Direct selected-response exposure, events, follow-up and interaction magnitudes in those groups remain unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Warning groups and scope are known, while actual vulnerable-group/co-use information remains unresolved.
Reason for missing information: Exposure, events, alternative causes/adjustment and long-term/rare-harm data for these co-use/vulnerable groups are unavailable.
Required materials and conditions: Products, exposure, events, follow-up, alternative explanations and original warning sources by co-use/group.
Materials to obtain first: Products, exposure, events, follow-up, alternative explanations and original warning sources by co-use/group.
Further research: Compare original warning support and actual group-specific safety data separately; do not certify personal safety.
Remaining uncertainty: Exposure, events, alternative causes/adjustment and long-term/rare-harm data for these co-use/vulnerable groups are unavailable.
Conditions for verification: Retain original anticoagulant/antiplatelet, bleeding-disorder and surgical warnings; verify direct selected-response exposure, events/alternatives and long-term/rare-harm information.
Why this condition is needed: Retain warnings separately from the efficacy gap.
Application exceptions: Retaining an original warning creates no new harm-causality verdict, safety grade or dosing prescription.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N21 · Does the named response also answer thrombosis-prevention or treatment-replacement questions?

Current findings: The selected question concerns a gap in direct evidence for arachidonic acid-induced responses. It makes no claim about clinical thrombosis prevention, thrombolysis, aspirin replacement or bleeding safety.
Verification status: Not applicable
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Separate clinical-event/treatment-replacement claims are outside the current question; event trials are not imposed as mandatory.
Reason for missing information: This table does not verify a direct clinical-event effect. The selected-response result itself also remains unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Definitions, comparators, denominators, follow-up and clinical results for a separate event question.
Materials to obtain first: Definitions, comparators, denominators, follow-up and clinical results for a separate event question.
Further research: Frame clinical-event questions under separate conditions; examine designs/follow-up different from aggregation testing.
Remaining uncertainty: This table does not verify a direct clinical-event effect. The selected-response result itself also remains unverified.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish the selected-response aggregation-test gap from separate questions of clinical thrombosis/bleeding, thrombolysis and aspirin replacement.
Why this condition is needed: An experimental response name alone does not establish clinical prevention.
Application exceptions: Not applicable does not mean no clinical events, no harm or an effect of 0.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N22 · Are optimal dose, long-term effects and subgroups needed for this gap question?

Current findings: This question asks whether direct AGE arachidonic acid material is verified. It makes no new optimal-dose, post-discontinuation persistence or special-subgroup effect claim.
Verification status: Not applicable
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Distinguish identity/result gaps from separate extensions; do not automatically make extension studies mandatory.
Reason for missing information: Retain the existing selected-response gap without adding every extension study as a new deficiency.
Required materials and conditions: If an extension is requested, direct selected-response dose comparisons, discontinuation/long-term and prespecified subgroup data.
Materials to obtain first: If an extension is requested, direct selected-response dose comparisons, discontinuation/long-term and prespecified subgroup data.
Further research: After verifying direct selected-response conditions, separately review prespecified analyses and effect modification for each extension.
Remaining uncertainty: Retain the existing selected-response gap without adding every extension study as a new deficiency.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish direct selected-response result identity from separate dose, discontinuation/long-term and subgroup-effect questions.
Why this condition is needed: Do not repurpose another dose trial as selected-response optimization.
Application exceptions: Do not erase other favorable results because a direct selected-response result is unavailable.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N23 · Are local summaries of the reports distinguished from unread external material?

Current findings: The complete retained summary and all reports were read. External PubMed/DOI gateways and paper full texts remain unattempted, unacquired and unread; no direct arachidonic acid material was newly acquired.
Verification status: Met
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Actual local summary reading and unread external material are separated and linked to exact source locations/identity.
Reason for missing information: The summary-reading scope is verified. External material types, responses, abstracts/full texts and licenses are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Actual material-specific access/acquisition/reading records, versions/locations and physical material.
Materials to obtain first: Actual material-specific access/acquisition/reading records, versions/locations and physical material.
Further research: In authorized later reading, record material, level and version separately; compare summaries against original results.
Remaining uncertainty: The summary-reading scope is verified. External material types, responses, abstracts/full texts and licenses are unverified.
Conditions for verification: Distinguish 3 evidence entries/3 citations and actual Korean/English local reading from unattempted, unacquired and unread external PubMed/DOI/full texts.
Why this condition is needed: A link or summary does not establish acquisition of original selected-response material.
Application exceptions: Do not inherit a report's access history onto a DOI gateway or treat unattempted access as failed access.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N24 · Are original reference dates and corrections distinguished from individual access dates?

Current findings: The original reference date and correction date for generic English wording are retained historically. Material-specific access date, reading scope and location are absent and unrecorded; current local review time is recorded separately.
Verification status: Met
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Event attribution and absent fields are retained without backdating historical access to the present.
Reason for missing information: Historical access dates/full-text levels of individual materials remain unverified. Only the distinction between dates is verified.
Required materials and conditions: Historical material-specific access/version records and complete versions before/after corrections.
Materials to obtain first: Historical material-specific access/version records and complete versions before/after corrections.
Further research: Separate reference-date, correction and actual-reading events; compare dates and material levels.
Remaining uncertainty: Historical access dates/full-text levels of individual materials remain unverified. Only the distinction between dates is verified.
Conditions for verification: Retain the original review date 2026-09-08 and correction 2026-09-14; distinguish the actual current date from unrecorded individual access dates.
Why this condition is needed: A global review date is not an access date for each external material.
Application exceptions: Do not turn historical research descriptions into current reading of arachidonic acid full texts.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N25 · Is the scope of a current complete literature check for the arachidonic acid gap available?

Current findings: Unverified arachidonic acid results describe the current retained evidence/citation scope. No new search or exhaustive unpublished/correction/retraction check was performed. The original research account separately describes the contemporary 34-person trial, review and opposing trial.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: Actual search/inclusion logs establishing completeness beyond current material are unavailable.
Reason for missing information: The scope of current selected-response material, unpublished work and corrections/retractions is unverified; absence of research is not established.
Required materials and conditions: Contemporaneous queries/dates, inclusion/exclusion, agonist/formulation candidates and unpublished/correction/retraction logs.
Materials to obtain first: Contemporaneous queries/dates, inclusion/exclusion, agonist/formulation candidates and unpublished/correction/retraction logs.
Further research: In a separately authorized update, reproduce search scope using the named response and product conditions; compare actual omissions.
Remaining uncertainty: The scope of current selected-response material, unpublished work and corrections/retractions is unverified; absence of research is not established.
Conditions for verification: Verify actual queries, dates, inclusion/exclusion, unpublished/correction logs and the scope of the complete current evidence check for AGE arachidonic acid. Separately state the current summary gap and that no new search was performed.
Why this condition is needed: Reading the complete current source differs from an exhaustive current clinical-literature check.
Application exceptions: Do not turn 0 new searches into 0 selected-response studies or established nonreporting across the entire paper.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03

N26 · Are the C46 parent history and individual arachidonic acid status distinguished?

Current findings: Original C, 46, B/S/R0/I1/EX/B2/CX and Warning remain historical records of the broad parent verdict. The individual arachidonic acid grade and actual selected-response observations are unrecorded. Generic English sample-size/result fields are not selected-response values or successful reading.
Verification status: Met
Materials actually read: The retained Korean/English summaries and case-specific condition/application records were read. External abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols and analysis plans remain unread, with access not attempted.
Why unverified: All original typed values and derived boundaries are retained; no new effect or grade is created.
Reason for missing information: Original-value preservation is verified. Selected-response efficacy, method certification and independent clinical validation were not newly performed.
Required materials and conditions: The complete original summary, identity, boundaries/verdict/corrections and derived-grade policy.
Materials to obtain first: The complete original summary, identity, boundaries/verdict/corrections and derived-grade policy.
Further research: Compare complete preserved original/case values and change events to check that no new selected-response verdict has been created.
Remaining uncertainty: Original-value preservation is verified. Selected-response efficacy, method certification and independent clinical validation were not newly performed.
Conditions for verification: Retain original grade/score/axes/Warning, all evidence values, empty arrays and corrections; explicitly state that a separate selected-response grade is unrecorded.
Why this condition is needed: The broad parent grade does not verify a direct selected-response effect.
Application exceptions: Do not turn an unrecorded observation into a numeric 0 or null effect.
Referenced methods: Existing method principles distinguish population, formulation, dose, timing, endpoint, comparison, denominators, overlap, funding and harms in the retained reports. Detailed conditions are Chamgap’s own application.

Related sources S01 S02 S03