Low-free-sugar diet × Eight-week MRI-PDFF liver-fat reduction

Required evidence, verification status and materials actually read
Item	AVerification status	BReading scope	CReview item	DCurrent findings	EWhy unverified	FRequired materials and conditions	GFurther research
1	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N01 · Evidence conditionSelected eight-week MRI question and original gradeRequired	The selected existing record concerns eight-week MRI-PDFF liver-fat reduction, grade C and a note of a positive adjusted between-group difference of -6.23 percentage points. Subclaim score, status and axes are absent and are not filled with parent C with 54 points. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Separate subclaim score, status and axes are absent from the original material. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict	Record update events while distinguishing the MRI question from parent and long-term questions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
2	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N02 · Evidence conditionActual age, sex, disease and recruitmentRequired	The original text describes 40 boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD and MRI-PDFF above 10%. The scope is not extended to general adolescents, girls, adults, suspected fatty liver or other diseases. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Center-specific recruitment, biopsy and diagnostic timing, detailed eligibility and medical history, and baseline characteristics are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators	Propose subsequent material distinguishing diseases and populations. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
3	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N03 · Evidence conditionTwo centers and the randomized populationRequired	S01 is an open-label two-center randomized food-provision trial. Two centers are not counted as new independent trials, and material from the same 40 people is not added across centers, groups or visits. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Center-specific recruitment and group mapping, baseline differences and analysis stratification are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Separation of centers, people, groups and trials	Propose subsequent material distinguishing centers from populations within the same trial. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
4	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N04 · Evidence conditionIdentity of whole-household food provisionRequired	The intervention was an intensive eight-week program including professional menu design, whole-household food provision and twice-weekly checks. It is not changed into simple sugar-restriction advice or the isolated effect of a supplement. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Household food-provision specifications, contact, actual food and energy changes, and individual adherence are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure	Propose subsequent material linking the whole intervention and actual exposure. No menus or child-diet instructions are created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
5	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N05 · Evidence conditionFree-sugar targets versus actual implementationRequired	Free sugars below 3% of total energy were the original study target. This is not turned into individual intake, a recommended target, or calorie and sugar conversions. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Actual free-sugar distributions, total energy and nutrients, household and individual adherence, and discontinuation are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes	Propose subsequent material distinguishing targets from the actual whole diet. No intake or weight-management implementation instructions are given. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
6	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N06 · Evidence conditionActual usual-diet comparator conditionsRequired	The direct comparator was usual diet. It is not automatically treated as an active comparator with the same food environment and contact as household food provision and twice-weekly checks, or a condition differing only in free sugars. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Control-diet specifications, contact, intake, activity, management and group-specific food-provision correspondence are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure	Propose subsequent material distinguishing the comparator from the whole intervention. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
7	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N07 · Evidence conditionAllocation, 20/20 and concealmentRequired	The original states that 40 participants were allocated 1:1, 20/20, and all completed eight weeks. Design and completion information does not establish sequence generation or allocation concealment. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Sequence generation, concealment, responsible personnel, center-specific allocation and processes before and after recruitment are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures	Propose subsequent material linking allocation and actual denominators. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
8	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N08 · Evidence conditionOpen-label design and masked MRI assessmentRequired	The design was open-label with masked MRI assessment. This is not extended into blinding of all participants, households, care staff and analysts, or absence of contact effects. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. MRI-masking procedures and maintenance, analyst masking, recognition of conditions, expectations and contact are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions	Propose subsequent material separating dietary exposure from imaging-assessment conditions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
9	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N09 · Evidence conditionMRI-PDFF definition, measurement and week eightRequired	The endpoint was change in MRI-PDFF liver fat from baseline to week eight. It is not substituted with proton MRS, histology or clinical liver-disease events as the same measurement. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Acquisition equipment and protocols, regions, assessment, quality, exact examination timing and reproducibility are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits	Propose subsequent material disclosing measurement methods and endpoint units. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
10	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N10 · Evidence conditionOriginal baseline and week-eight group percentagesRequired	Liver fat of 25% to 17% in the intervention group and 21% to 20% in the control group is original wording. No new within-group change, relative reduction, adjusted between-group effect or CI is calculated from these values. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Group-specific variance, exact denominators, baseline differences, period adjustment and summarization of original values are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes	Propose subsequent material separating group percentages from comparative estimands. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
11	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N11 · Evidence conditionAdjusted between-group -6.23 percentage points, CI and P valueRequired	The adjusted between-group difference of -6.23 percentage points (95% CI -9.45 to -3.02, P<.001) is an original report summary. Absolute percentage points are not converted into relative percentages, within-group changes or new effect sizes. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Exact primary models, adjustment variables, denominators and detailed estimand specifications are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators	Propose subsequent material linking original reported estimands and analysis specifications. No new arithmetic or CIs are created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
12	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N12 · Evidence conditionOriginal about 6.2 versus the exact estimateRequired	The original summary of about 6.2 percentage points and exact -6.23 percentage points and CI are retained separately. They are not turned into different trials or visits, or new rounding or calculations. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Individual effects and estimates at other visits or using other measurements are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction	Propose subsequent material distinguishing exact values from summary wording. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
13	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N13 · Evidence conditionWeight changes and additional adjustmentRequired	The original text records greater intervention-group weight loss and a retained favorable liver-fat finding in sensitivity analysis additionally adjusting for weight change. This is not automatically used as a direct or completely independent effect of free sugars alone, or the same -6.23-percentage-point effect. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original weight values, sensitivity estimates, CIs, P values, models, concurrent exposure and mediation relationships are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet	Propose subsequent material separating weight changes from attribution to the whole diet. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
14	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N14 · Evidence conditionConcurrent household, food-environment and activity exposureRequired	The intervention changed the whole household food environment and included regular checks. It is not reduced to a trial in which only free sugars changed and other nutrients, total energy, activity and household support stayed unchanged. S01	Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Household and individual whole diets, activity, concurrent medication and management, contact and adherence are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management	Propose subsequent material linking concurrent exposure with MRI analyses. No diet or adolescent weight-management instructions are given. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
15	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N15 · Evidence conditionComplete follow-up versus endpoint-specific analysisRequired	The original strength is that all 40 participants, 20/20, completed eight weeks. This is not extended into verification of completeness for every additional endpoint and MRI assessment, ITT or PP, or missing-data handling. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Endpoint-specific valid images and denominators, exclusions, missingness, ITT and PP, and handling reasons are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations	Propose subsequent material distinguishing completion from actual analysis data. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
16	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N16 · Evidence conditionAnalysis models, baseline and center, and multiplicityRequired	The original records an adjusted between-group difference and a positive prespecified primary MRI finding. It is not used as verification of primary models, center and baseline adjustment, or multiplicity plans for all endpoints. S01	Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Exact models, covariates, center effects, multiplicity and sensitivity hierarchy are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans	Propose subsequent material disclosing prespecified analyses and all findings. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
17	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N17 · Evidence conditionNCT identifier and actual registration accessRequired	The original evidence and citation identify NCT02513121. The identifier and historical registration verification do not indicate new reading of the original registration or verification of every prespecified condition. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Recruitment and registration dates, original protocol, SAP and amendment history are unread. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments	Propose subsequent material distinguishing original identifiers from actual access scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
18	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N18 · Evidence conditionPreservation scope of the prespecified MRI endpointRequired	The parent records a prespecified primary MRI-PDFF endpoint. This is not inherited as equal hierarchy for other imaging, weight or clinical endpoints, or reading of all pre-recruitment versions. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Exact hierarchy, estimands, amendments and complete outcome specifications in prespecified versions are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy	Propose subsequent material distinguishing prespecification statements from original plans. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
19	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N19 · Evidence conditionLarge effects versus clinical importanceRequired	The parent's large primary MRI effect concerns a surrogate endpoint. It does not establish cure in every participant, histological improvement or reduced long-term clinical events. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Relevance criteria, individual distributions and direct correspondence with histological and clinical effects are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects	Propose subsequent research separating imaging effects from clinical outcomes. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
20	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N20 · Evidence conditionLong-term liver-disease events were not measuredRequired	The separate long-term-event subclaim grade '?' is an original record that the eight-week surrogate-endpoint trial did not measure this outcome. The selected MRI signal is not transferred into liver-disease treatment, prevention or reduced long-term events. S01	Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Long-term clinical events, persistence and post-treatment follow-up are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up	Propose subsequent research distinguishing imaging at different periods from clinical events. No treatment-replacement advice is created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
21	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N21 · Evidence conditionEight weeks versus sustained or repeated interventionRequired	The study covered eight weeks of food provision and assessment. The same effect is not generalized to long-term persistence, after household supply ends, repeated programs or programs with less contact. S01	Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Post-supply MRI, repeated and long-term exposure, actual adherence and harms are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure	Propose subsequent research separating questions about other periods and intervention intensities. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
22	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N22 · Evidence conditionApplicability to other populations and simple adviceRequired	The result concerns household food provision for boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD. The same effect is not transferred to general adolescents, girls, adults, other liver diseases or simple sugar advice. S01	Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Direct material for other populations and diseases, advice alone or a product alone is unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material	Propose separate material when population and intervention differ. No child or adolescent diets or liver-disease management instructions are given. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
23	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N23 · Evidence conditionReferences, centers, visits and the same cohortRequired	The one Schwimmer2019 report, NCT02513121, two centers, 40 participants, 20/20, and baseline and week-eight assessments belong to the same trial. They are not combined with other liver-fat sheets or adult trials to create new independent trial or participant totals. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Separate replication with the same food-provision and population specifications and actual study-family independence are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements	Propose separate research with the same MRI specifications. No independence certification or aggregation is performed. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
24	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N24 · Evidence conditionFunding, support, product and author rolesRequired	Funding information records Nutrition Science Initiative plus foundation, academic and NIH support. The parent's independent-funding statement is not extended into verification of all product or food supply, employee authors or COI. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Each support role, food and free support, employee and developer authors, and original COI material are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material	Propose subsequent material distinguishing support types and roles. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
25	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N25 · Harm-information gaps supplementing the efficacy tableScope of complete follow-up and adverse-event statementsSupplementary	Parent safety Good, completion by all 40 participants and no reported study-related adverse events are original statements. They are not turned into zero total harms, absence of rare harms or long-term safety of restrictive diets during growth. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Event definitions, systematic collection, group denominators, discontinuation, nutrition, growth and long-term harms are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up	Propose subsequent material collecting efficacy separately from safety during growth. No restrictive-diet or child-treatment instructions are created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
26	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N26 · Evidence conditionOriginal grades, axes, languages, dates and correctionsRequired	Parent C with 54 points, B/S/R1/I2/E+/B2/C0, four false indicators, empty grade-override reasons, and subclaim C and note are retained. Korean and English texts, 2026-09-07, and empty corrections and deliberation are original values, not inherited as subclaim scores or completed current review. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Subclaim score, status and axes, new corrections and external comparisons were not produced or performed. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments	Update while separating original values, production dates and correction events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
27	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N27 · Evidence conditionHistorical verification versus actual readingRequired	Historical full-text and registration cross-checking is preserved as history. Current production uses the stored summary and reference; external abstract, full text, registration, protocol, SAP and COI material are unread and access has not been attempted. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Historical verification details, current acquisition of original material, external reading and review of existing content remain incomplete. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material	Propose subsequent organization distinguishing history from actual access events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
28	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N28 · Evidence conditionMaterial links, gaps and update conditionsRequired	Paper links and original records are retained; actual reading is recorded as summary read or unread. A URL or NCT identifier alone does not raise acquisition or reading status, and no separate external-link operation test was performed. S01	Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Acquisition of original texts, external reading, link verification and review of existing content remain incomplete. Review of existing content remains incomplete.	Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material	If additional material is provided, record its original form and actual access scope when updating content. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.

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28 itemsWhat the statuses mean

Assessment scope

Stored-material review date: Not recorded
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-09-07
Scope actually checked: Existing review summaries and stored records of methodological application. Full papers, supplements, registrations, plans and original data were not read.
What the dates mean: This is the date the stored materials were checked, not the date of a new search of the clinical literature.
Population: 40 boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD and MRI-PDFF above 10%, allocated 20/20, all completing eight weeks. Two centers belong to one trial; detailed recruitment, baseline characteristics, endpoint denominators and missing-data handling are unverified.
Ingredient, formulation and route: An intensive eight-week program including professional menu design, whole-household food provision and twice-weekly checks. The original free-sugar target below 3% of total energy is a study condition, not simple advice, a supplement or the isolated effect of free sugars.
Dose: Only original household food-environment exposure targeting below 3% of energy is retained. Actual diets, energy, nutrients, household and individual exposure, activity, concurrent management and adherence are unverified. No menus, intake amounts, calorie or sugar conversions, child or adolescent diets or weight-management instructions are given.
Comparator: Usual diet. Equivalence of household food provision, twice-weekly contact, food and contact conditions, activity and concurrent exposure is unverified.
Measured outcome: Original baseline-to-week-eight MRI-PDFF values, intervention 25% to 17% and control 21% to 20%, are retained separately from the adjusted between-group -6.23 percentage points, 95% CI -9.45 to -3.02, P<.001. About 6.2 percentage points is an original summary, not new within-group or relative arithmetic. The retained weight-adjusted sensitivity statement is not assigned the exact primary effect or CI.
Duration: Eight weeks of food provision and imaging assessment, with complete follow-up. Post-treatment, repeated and long-term imaging, histology, clinical events and long-term restrictive-diet safety during growth are unmeasured or unlinked.
Questions outside this scope: Generalizing findings in 40 boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD and MRI above 10%, allocated 20/20, to every population or other diseases; Reducing whole-household food provision, professional design and twice-weekly checks to simple sugar advice or an isolated component effect; New within-group or relative arithmetic from 25% to 17% and 21% to 20%, or mixing units with adjusted -6.23 percentage points and CI; Using the retained weight-adjusted sensitivity statement as isolated free-sugar causality or assigning the same primary effect and CI; Treating complete follow-up and no reported adverse events as established denominators for every endpoint or long-term growth and restrictive-diet safety; Adding centers, groups, visits, registration or other adult MRS trials as independent evidence, or transferring parent C with 54 points, axes and historical verification into subclaim values; New effects, CIs, arithmetic, grades, hypothetical figures, product intake, child or adolescent diets, liver-disease or weight management, or treatment-replacement instructions

Evidence and sources

The links below lead to the sources. A link alone does not mean the original source was read or its latest publication status verified.

S01 · Schwimmer JB et al. 2019

PubMed

Material type: Open-label two-center randomized food-provision trial with masked MRI assessment
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Adjusted between-group difference -6.23 percentage points (95% CI -9.45 to -3.02), P<.001
Record level: Outcome wording in the stored summary
Study overlap and independent replication: S01 Schwimmer2019 reports an open-label eight-week two-center food-provision trial with masked MRI assessment in 40 boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD and MRI-PDFF above 10%, allocated 20/20. Whole-household food provision, professional design, twice-weekly checks and a free-sugar target below 3% of energy were compared with usual diet. Original group percentages of 25% to 17% versus 21% to 20% differ from adjusted -6.23 percentage points, CI -9.45 to -3.02, P<.001. Favorable weight-adjusted sensitivity findings are an original statement and are not assigned the same primary effect or CI. Complete follow-up and no reported study-related adverse events are not generalized into long-term growth or restrictive-diet safety. Groups, visits, centers, registration, other sheets and people in one report are not added as unique trial, participant or independent-replication totals. No new calculations, judgments, independence certification or diet, intake or treatment instructions are produced.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored summary	Stored file	Stored summary	Summary read	Only stored-summary and bibliographic content was used for production. External material verification/review is not complete.
External paper	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Registration material	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Protocol	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Statistical analysis plan	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Funding, product-support and COI material	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.

Report counts versus independent study counts

S01 Schwimmer2019 reports an open-label eight-week two-center food-provision trial with masked MRI assessment in 40 boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD and MRI-PDFF above 10%, allocated 20/20. Whole-household food provision, professional design, twice-weekly checks and a free-sugar target below 3% of energy were compared with usual diet. Original group percentages of 25% to 17% versus 21% to 20% differ from adjusted -6.23 percentage points, CI -9.45 to -3.02, P<.001. Favorable weight-adjusted sensitivity findings are an original statement and are not assigned the same primary effect or CI. Complete follow-up and no reported study-related adverse events are not generalized into long-term growth or restrictive-diet safety. Groups, visits, centers, registration, other sheets and people in one report are not added as unique trial, participant or independent-replication totals. No new calculations, judgments, independence certification or diet, intake or treatment instructions are produced.

Review criteria

Version 1.0 · Criteria record date 2026-10-06. These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the referenced methods. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

N01 · Selected eight-week MRI question and original grade

Required materials and conditions: Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

N02 · Actual age, sex, disease and recruitment

Required materials and conditions: Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are internally designed. M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are internally designed.

N03 · Two centers and the randomized population

Required materials and conditions: Separation of centers, people, groups and trials
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Separation of centers, people, groups and trials must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Separation of centers, people, groups and trials to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 distinctions between studies and reports; cohort and outcome linkage is internal application; M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are internally designed; M08 §8.1–8.2.3; internal application

N04 · Identity of whole-household food provision

Required materials and conditions: Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application

N05 · Free-sugar targets versus actual implementation

Required materials and conditions: Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and checking adaptations are internally designed; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, duration and effect-modification details are internally designed

N06 · Actual usual-diet comparator conditions

Required materials and conditions: Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and testing adaptations are internally designed; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M08 §8.1–8.2.3; internal application

N07 · Allocation, 20/20 and concealment

Required materials and conditions: Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.1–8.2.3; own application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptation is our own design

N08 · Open-label design and masked MRI assessment

Required materials and conditions: Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a and M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap adaptation; M08 §§8.1–8.2.3; Chamgap adaptation

N09 · MRI-PDFF definition, measurement and week eight

Required materials and conditions: Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are our own design; M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; our own application

N10 · Original baseline and week-eight group percentages

Required materials and conditions: Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap's own application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap's own application

N11 · Adjusted between-group -6.23 percentage points, CI and P value

Required materials and conditions: Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap application

N12 · Original about 6.2 versus the exact estimate

Required materials and conditions: Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptation is internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits follow the review scope and internal design; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application

N13 · Weight changes and additional adjustment

Required materials and conditions: Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; internal application; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application

N14 · Concurrent household, food-environment and activity exposure

Required materials and conditions: Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; internal application; M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and testing adaptations are internally designed

N15 · Complete follow-up versus endpoint-specific analysis

Required materials and conditions: Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

N16 · Analysis models, baseline and center, and multiplicity

Required materials and conditions: Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Internal application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Internal application

N17 · NCT identifier and actual registration access

Required materials and conditions: Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: Data collection and selection principles in M04 §4.5–4.6; separation of access from reading and the hyperlink contract are internally designed; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; internal application; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion reflect the review scope and internal design

N18 · Preservation scope of the prespecified MRI endpoint

Required materials and conditions: Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design

N19 · Large effects versus clinical importance

Required materials and conditions: Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap's own application; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own limits on extension

N20 · Long-term liver-disease events were not measured

Required materials and conditions: Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence and effect-modification details are internally designed; M03 §3.2.4; internally defined extension boundaries; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits follow the review scope and internal design

N21 · Eight weeks versus sustained or repeated intervention

Required materials and conditions: Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §§3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, durability and effect-modification details are Chamgap-designed; M03 §§3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap-designed

N22 · Applicability to other populations and simple advice

Required materials and conditions: Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are our own design; M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and test adaptations are our own design; M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, duration and effect-modification details are our own design

N23 · References, centers, visits and the same cohort

Required materials and conditions: Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: Study/report distinction in M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2; Cohort/outcome linkage is Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

N24 · Funding, support, product and author roles

Required materials and conditions: Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items.

N25 · Scope of complete follow-up and adverse-event statements

Required materials and conditions: Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary
Application exceptions: Address safety-material gaps for the selected subclaim. Diet, isolated-component or imaging findings, or parent safety wording do not determine safety or create harm incidence rates or new use instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; internal application. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; detailed distinctions are internally designed. M19 §19.2 covers design-specific harm questions; detailed temporal relationships are internally designed. M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4 and M03 §3.2.3; internal application. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; internal application. M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4 considers design; detailed confounding records are internally designed. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4 and M04 §4.6.3; internal application. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; internal application. Interpretation boundaries are internally defined, informed by M19 principles; no official causality tool is executed.

N26 · Original grades, axes, languages, dates and corrections

Required materials and conditions: Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design; M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed

N27 · Historical verification versus actual reading

Required materials and conditions: Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 material collection/selection principles; acquisition/reading separation and hyperlink specifications are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

N28 · Material links, gaps and update conditions

Required materials and conditions: Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 covers material collection and selection; distinctions between access and reading and hyperlink specifications are internally designed. M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 distinguishes studies and reports; cohort and outcome linkage is an internal application. M04 §4.5 and §4.6.3; current evidence-conversion limits reflect review scope and internal design.

Referenced methods and the sections actually reviewed

M03 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13

Referenced principle: Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M04 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03

Official methodology · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42

Referenced principle: Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M08 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a

Referenced principle: Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M15 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3

Referenced principle: Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M19 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4

Referenced principle: Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

What the statuses mean

Met: Status for necessary evidence confirmed after existing content review. No completion is declared in the current presentation.
Partly verified: Some information in the stored summary is linked into the table. External comparison/content review is not complete.
Unverified: The article leaves this unverified, or required material is absent from the current stored summary. This is distinct from zero, absence or safety.
Review incomplete: Existing content review remains incomplete.
Not reported: Not reported within the stored material actually read; not extended to the entire primary paper.
Inaccessible: Means an actual access failure. Access not attempted here is not assigned this state.
Not applicable: Not used as a substitute for an evidence gap.
Conflicting data: Requires an observed disagreement under the same comparison criteria; not automatically judged in this production.
Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Marks a gap in additional material required by the selected conditions; not a new efficacy grade.

Change history

2026-10-15 · Public page/material version 1.0

Public reader pages and material were prepared from the existing 28 items. No new clinical searches, verification-state changes or scoring were performed.

The stored-material review date (Not recorded) and original evidence cut-off (2026-09-07) were retained unchanged.

Researcher downloads

These materials provide the same evidence, scope and verification status as this page.

View all item details

N01 · Selected eight-week MRI question and original grade

Current findings: The selected existing record concerns eight-week MRI-PDFF liver-fat reduction, grade C and a note of a positive adjusted between-group difference of -6.23 percentage points. Subclaim score, status and axes are absent and are not filled with parent C with 54 points.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Separate subclaim score, status and axes are absent from the original material. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Separate subclaim score, status and axes are absent from the original material.
Required materials and conditions: Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict
Materials to obtain first: Original selected version and user feedback
Further research: Record update events while distinguishing the MRI question from parent and long-term questions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Selected wording, note and grade versus the original parent verdict to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

Related sources S01

N02 · Actual age, sex, disease and recruitment

Current findings: The original text describes 40 boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD and MRI-PDFF above 10%. The scope is not extended to general adolescents, girls, adults, suspected fatty liver or other diseases.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Center-specific recruitment, biopsy and diagnostic timing, detailed eligibility and medical history, and baseline characteristics are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Center-specific recruitment, biopsy and diagnostic timing, detailed eligibility and medical history, and baseline characteristics are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators
Materials to obtain first: S01 recruitment, eligibility, histology, baseline MRI and characteristics tables
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing diseases and populations. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Eligibility, histology, baseline MRI, recruitment and denominators to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are internally designed. M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are internally designed.

Related sources S01

N03 · Two centers and the randomized population

Current findings: S01 is an open-label two-center randomized food-provision trial. Two centers are not counted as new independent trials, and material from the same 40 people is not added across centers, groups or visits.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Center-specific recruitment and group mapping, baseline differences and analysis stratification are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Center-specific recruitment and group mapping, baseline differences and analysis stratification are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Separation of centers, people, groups and trials
Materials to obtain first: S01 center-specific recruitment, allocation and analysis relationships
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing centers from populations within the same trial. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Separation of centers, people, groups and trials must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Separation of centers, people, groups and trials to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 distinctions between studies and reports; cohort and outcome linkage is internal application; M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are internally designed; M08 §8.1–8.2.3; internal application

Related sources S01

N04 · Identity of whole-household food provision

Current findings: The intervention was an intensive eight-week program including professional menu design, whole-household food provision and twice-weekly checks. It is not changed into simple sugar-restriction advice or the isolated effect of a supplement.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Household food-provision specifications, contact, actual food and energy changes, and individual adherence are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Household food-provision specifications, contact, actual food and energy changes, and individual adherence are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure
Materials to obtain first: S01 menus, supply, contact and household and individual exposure records
Further research: Propose subsequent material linking the whole intervention and actual exposure. No menus or child-diet instructions are created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Food environment, design, provision, contact and actual exposure to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application

Related sources S01

N05 · Free-sugar targets versus actual implementation

Current findings: Free sugars below 3% of total energy were the original study target. This is not turned into individual intake, a recommended target, or calorie and sugar conversions.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Actual free-sugar distributions, total energy and nutrients, household and individual adherence, and discontinuation are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Actual free-sugar distributions, total energy and nutrients, household and individual adherence, and discontinuation are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes
Materials to obtain first: S01 planned and actual intake, nutrients, energy and adherence
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing targets from the actual whole diet. No intake or weight-management implementation instructions are given. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Planned energy percentage, actual intake and accompanying dietary changes to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and checking adaptations are internally designed; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, duration and effect-modification details are internally designed

Related sources S01

N06 · Actual usual-diet comparator conditions

Current findings: The direct comparator was usual diet. It is not automatically treated as an active comparator with the same food environment and contact as household food provision and twice-weekly checks, or a condition differing only in free sugars.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Control-diet specifications, contact, intake, activity, management and group-specific food-provision correspondence are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Control-diet specifications, contact, intake, activity, management and group-specific food-provision correspondence are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure
Materials to obtain first: S01 control management, household food environment and contact records
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing the comparator from the whole intervention. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Control diet, household and contact, concurrent management and exposure to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and testing adaptations are internally designed; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M08 §8.1–8.2.3; internal application

Related sources S01

N07 · Allocation, 20/20 and concealment

Current findings: The original states that 40 participants were allocated 1:1, 20/20, and all completed eight weeks. Design and completion information does not establish sequence generation or allocation concealment.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Sequence generation, concealment, responsible personnel, center-specific allocation and processes before and after recruitment are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Sequence generation, concealment, responsible personnel, center-specific allocation and processes before and after recruitment are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures
Materials to obtain first: S01 allocation methods, flow diagrams and original center-specific records
Further research: Propose subsequent material linking allocation and actual denominators. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Randomization, group denominators and allocation procedures to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.1–8.2.3; own application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptation is our own design

Related sources S01

N08 · Open-label design and masked MRI assessment

Current findings: The design was open-label with masked MRI assessment. This is not extended into blinding of all participants, households, care staff and analysts, or absence of contact effects.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. MRI-masking procedures and maintenance, analyst masking, recognition of conditions, expectations and contact are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: MRI-masking procedures and maintenance, analyst masking, recognition of conditions, expectations and contact are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions
Materials to obtain first: S01 blinding, MRI assessment, analysis and contact procedures
Further research: Propose subsequent material separating dietary exposure from imaging-assessment conditions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Who was blinded, and assessment and analysis conditions to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a and M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap adaptation; M08 §§8.1–8.2.3; Chamgap adaptation

Related sources S01

N09 · MRI-PDFF definition, measurement and week eight

Current findings: The endpoint was change in MRI-PDFF liver fat from baseline to week eight. It is not substituted with proton MRS, histology or clinical liver-disease events as the same measurement.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Acquisition equipment and protocols, regions, assessment, quality, exact examination timing and reproducibility are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Acquisition equipment and protocols, regions, assessment, quality, exact examination timing and reproducibility are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits
Materials to obtain first: S01 MRI-PDFF methods, assessment, quality and original tables
Further research: Propose subsequent material disclosing measurement methods and endpoint units. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Image acquisition, fat fraction, units and visits to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are our own design; M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; our own application

Related sources S01

N10 · Original baseline and week-eight group percentages

Current findings: Liver fat of 25% to 17% in the intervention group and 21% to 20% in the control group is original wording. No new within-group change, relative reduction, adjusted between-group effect or CI is calculated from these values.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Group-specific variance, exact denominators, baseline differences, period adjustment and summarization of original values are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Group-specific variance, exact denominators, baseline differences, period adjustment and summarization of original values are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes
Materials to obtain first: S01 original baseline and week-eight tables, summaries, denominators and models
Further research: Propose subsequent material separating group percentages from comparative estimands. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Original group values, visits, denominators and distinctions between changes to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap's own application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap's own application

Related sources S01

N11 · Adjusted between-group -6.23 percentage points, CI and P value

Current findings: The adjusted between-group difference of -6.23 percentage points (95% CI -9.45 to -3.02, P<.001) is an original report summary. Absolute percentage points are not converted into relative percentages, within-group changes or new effect sizes.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Exact primary models, adjustment variables, denominators and detailed estimand specifications are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Exact primary models, adjustment variables, denominators and detailed estimand specifications are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators
Materials to obtain first: S01 primary-analysis models, denominators and original result tables
Further research: Propose subsequent material linking original reported estimands and analysis specifications. No new arithmetic or CIs are created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Estimand, absolute percentage points, adjustment and denominators to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap application

Related sources S01

N12 · Original about 6.2 versus the exact estimate

Current findings: The original summary of about 6.2 percentage points and exact -6.23 percentage points and CI are retained separately. They are not turned into different trials or visits, or new rounding or calculations.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Individual effects and estimates at other visits or using other measurements are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Individual effects and estimates at other visits or using other measurements are unlinked.
Required materials and conditions: Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction
Materials to obtain first: S01 exact original tables and visit-specific material
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing exact values from summary wording. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Narrative summary, exact values, units and direction to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptation is internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits follow the review scope and internal design; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application

Related sources S01

N13 · Weight changes and additional adjustment

Current findings: The original text records greater intervention-group weight loss and a retained favorable liver-fat finding in sensitivity analysis additionally adjusting for weight change. This is not automatically used as a direct or completely independent effect of free sugars alone, or the same -6.23-percentage-point effect.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original weight values, sensitivity estimates, CIs, P values, models, concurrent exposure and mediation relationships are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Original weight values, sensitivity estimates, CIs, P values, models, concurrent exposure and mediation relationships are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet
Materials to obtain first: S01 original weight and diet tables, sensitivity models and findings
Further research: Propose subsequent material separating weight changes from attribution to the whole diet. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Primary analysis, sensitivity analysis, weight and diet to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; internal application; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application

Related sources S01

N14 · Concurrent household, food-environment and activity exposure

Current findings: The intervention changed the whole household food environment and included regular checks. It is not reduced to a trial in which only free sugars changed and other nutrients, total energy, activity and household support stayed unchanged.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Household and individual whole diets, activity, concurrent medication and management, contact and adherence are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Household and individual whole diets, activity, concurrent medication and management, contact and adherence are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management
Materials to obtain first: S01 household and food provision, activity, concurrent management and actual-intake records
Further research: Propose subsequent material linking concurrent exposure with MRI analyses. No diet or adolescent weight-management instructions are given. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Household support, energy, nutrients, activity and management to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; internal application; M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; internal application; M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and testing adaptations are internally designed

Related sources S01

N15 · Complete follow-up versus endpoint-specific analysis

Current findings: The original strength is that all 40 participants, 20/20, completed eight weeks. This is not extended into verification of completeness for every additional endpoint and MRI assessment, ITT or PP, or missing-data handling.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Endpoint-specific valid images and denominators, exclusions, missingness, ITT and PP, and handling reasons are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Endpoint-specific valid images and denominators, exclusions, missingness, ITT and PP, and handling reasons are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations
Materials to obtain first: S01 participant and imaging flow, endpoint denominators and analysis populations
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing completion from actual analysis data. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Completion, group and imaging denominators, missingness and analysis populations to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

Related sources S01

N16 · Analysis models, baseline and center, and multiplicity

Current findings: The original records an adjusted between-group difference and a positive prespecified primary MRI finding. It is not used as verification of primary models, center and baseline adjustment, or multiplicity plans for all endpoints.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Exact models, covariates, center effects, multiplicity and sensitivity hierarchy are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Exact models, covariates, center effects, multiplicity and sensitivity hierarchy are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans
Materials to obtain first: S01 SAP, complete analysis tables and primary and sensitivity models
Further research: Propose subsequent material disclosing prespecified analyses and all findings. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Prespecified estimands, adjustment and complete testing plans to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Internal application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Internal application

Related sources S01

N17 · NCT identifier and actual registration access

Current findings: The original evidence and citation identify NCT02513121. The identifier and historical registration verification do not indicate new reading of the original registration or verification of every prespecified condition.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Recruitment and registration dates, original protocol, SAP and amendment history are unread. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Recruitment and registration dates, original protocol, SAP and amendment history are unread.
Required materials and conditions: Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments
Materials to obtain first: Original NCT02513121 registration, protocol, SAP and amendments
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing original identifiers from actual access scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Original registration identifier, plans, dates and amendments to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: Data collection and selection principles in M04 §4.5–4.6; separation of access from reading and the hyperlink contract are internally designed; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; internal application; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion reflect the review scope and internal design

Related sources S01

N18 · Preservation scope of the prespecified MRI endpoint

Current findings: The parent records a prespecified primary MRI-PDFF endpoint. This is not inherited as equal hierarchy for other imaging, weight or clinical endpoints, or reading of all pre-recruitment versions.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Exact hierarchy, estimands, amendments and complete outcome specifications in prespecified versions are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Exact hierarchy, estimands, amendments and complete outcome specifications in prespecified versions are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy
Materials to obtain first: S01 pre-recruitment protocol and SAP, registration versions and findings
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing prespecification statements from original plans. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Primary-endpoint statement, original prespecified versions and hierarchy to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design

Related sources S01

N19 · Large effects versus clinical importance

Current findings: The parent's large primary MRI effect concerns a surrogate endpoint. It does not establish cure in every participant, histological improvement or reduced long-term clinical events.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Relevance criteria, individual distributions and direct correspondence with histological and clinical effects are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Relevance criteria, individual distributions and direct correspondence with histological and clinical effects are unlinked.
Required materials and conditions: Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects
Materials to obtain first: S01 individual imaging and clinical findings and interpretation criteria
Further research: Propose subsequent research separating imaging effects from clinical outcomes. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Relevance, measured changes, and individual and clinical effects to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap's own application; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own limits on extension

Related sources S01

N20 · Long-term liver-disease events were not measured

Current findings: The separate long-term-event subclaim grade '?' is an original record that the eight-week surrogate-endpoint trial did not measure this outcome. The selected MRI signal is not transferred into liver-disease treatment, prevention or reduced long-term events.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Long-term clinical events, persistence and post-treatment follow-up are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Long-term clinical events, persistence and post-treatment follow-up are unlinked.
Required materials and conditions: Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up
Materials to obtain first: Direct long-term imaging, histology and clinical follow-up material
Further research: Propose subsequent research distinguishing imaging at different periods from clinical events. No treatment-replacement advice is created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Imaging surrogate, eight weeks and clinical follow-up to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence and effect-modification details are internally designed; M03 §3.2.4; internally defined extension boundaries; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits follow the review scope and internal design

Related sources S01

N21 · Eight weeks versus sustained or repeated intervention

Current findings: The study covered eight weeks of food provision and assessment. The same effect is not generalized to long-term persistence, after household supply ends, repeated programs or programs with less contact.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Post-supply MRI, repeated and long-term exposure, actual adherence and harms are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Post-supply MRI, repeated and long-term exposure, actual adherence and harms are unlinked.
Required materials and conditions: Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure
Materials to obtain first: Visit-specific follow-up and material on interventions of other intensities
Further research: Propose subsequent research separating questions about other periods and intervention intensities. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Short-term follow-up, intervention end and long-term exposure to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §§3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, durability and effect-modification details are Chamgap-designed; M03 §§3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap-designed

Related sources S01

N22 · Applicability to other populations and simple advice

Current findings: The result concerns household food provision for boys aged 11 to 16 with histological NAFLD. The same effect is not transferred to general adolescents, girls, adults, other liver diseases or simple sugar advice.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Information currently required is unverified in the stored summary. Direct material for other populations and diseases, advice alone or a product alone is unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Direct material for other populations and diseases, advice alone or a product alone is unlinked.
Required materials and conditions: Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material
Materials to obtain first: Separate direct trials in other populations and at other intensities
Further research: Propose separate material when population and intervention differ. No child or adolescent diets or liver-disease management instructions are given. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Direct disease-, sex-, age- and intensity-specific material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are our own design; M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; reverse-direction labels and test adaptations are our own design; M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, duration and effect-modification details are our own design

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N23 · References, centers, visits and the same cohort

Current findings: The one Schwimmer2019 report, NCT02513121, two centers, 40 participants, 20/20, and baseline and week-eight assessments belong to the same trial. They are not combined with other liver-fat sheets or adult trials to create new independent trial or participant totals.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Separate replication with the same food-provision and population specifications and actual study-family independence are unlinked. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Separate replication with the same food-provision and population specifications and actual study-family independence are unlinked.
Required materials and conditions: Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements
Materials to obtain first: Report, center and registration relationships and separate direct trials
Further research: Propose separate research with the same MRI specifications. No independence certification or aggregation is performed. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Reports, registration, two centers and repeated measurements to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: Study/report distinction in M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2; Cohort/outcome linkage is Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

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N24 · Funding, support, product and author roles

Current findings: Funding information records Nutrition Science Initiative plus foundation, academic and NIH support. The parent's independent-funding statement is not extended into verification of all product or food supply, employee authors or COI.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Each support role, food and free support, employee and developer authors, and original COI material are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Each support role, food and free support, employee and developer authors, and original COI material are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material
Materials to obtain first: S01 original funding, food support, affiliations, contributions and COI material
Further research: Propose subsequent material distinguishing support types and roles. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Original funding roles, supply, employment and COI material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items.

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N25 · Scope of complete follow-up and adverse-event statements

Current findings: Parent safety Good, completion by all 40 participants and no reported study-related adverse events are original statements. They are not turned into zero total harms, absence of rare harms or long-term safety of restrictive diets during growth.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Event definitions, systematic collection, group denominators, discontinuation, nutrition, growth and long-term harms are unverified. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Event definitions, systematic collection, group denominators, discontinuation, nutrition, growth and long-term harms are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up
Materials to obtain first: S01 harm events, exposure, nutrition, growth, denominators and long-term material
Further research: Propose subsequent material collecting efficacy separately from safety during growth. No restrictive-diet or child-treatment instructions are created. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Harm-event collection, exposure, denominators and follow-up to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Address safety-material gaps for the selected subclaim. Diet, isolated-component or imaging findings, or parent safety wording do not determine safety or create harm incidence rates or new use instructions.
Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; internal application. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; detailed distinctions are internally designed. M19 §19.2 covers design-specific harm questions; detailed temporal relationships are internally designed. M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4 and M03 §3.2.3; internal application. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; internal application. M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4 considers design; detailed confounding records are internally designed. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4 and M04 §4.6.3; internal application. M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; internal application. Interpretation boundaries are internally defined, informed by M19 principles; no official causality tool is executed.

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N26 · Original grades, axes, languages, dates and corrections

Current findings: Parent C with 54 points, B/S/R1/I2/E+/B2/C0, four false indicators, empty grade-override reasons, and subclaim C and note are retained. Korean and English texts, 2026-09-07, and empty corrections and deliberation are original values, not inherited as subclaim scores or completed current review.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Subclaim score, status and axes, new corrections and external comparisons were not produced or performed. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Subclaim score, status and axes, new corrections and external comparisons were not produced or performed.
Required materials and conditions: Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments
Materials to obtain first: Original versions, corrections and user feedback
Further research: Update while separating original values, production dates and correction events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Parent C with 54 points versus subclaim C, original values and historical judgments to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design; M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed

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N27 · Historical verification versus actual reading

Current findings: Historical full-text and registration cross-checking is preserved as history. Current production uses the stored summary and reference; external abstract, full text, registration, protocol, SAP and COI material are unread and access has not been attempted.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Historical verification details, current acquisition of original material, external reading and review of existing content remain incomplete. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Historical verification details, current acquisition of original material, external reading and review of existing content remain incomplete.
Required materials and conditions: Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material
Materials to obtain first: Historical original versions, report-specific original texts and plans, and user feedback
Further research: Propose subsequent organization distinguishing history from actual access events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Historical full-text and registration verification, stored summary and unread external material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 material collection/selection principles; acquisition/reading separation and hyperlink specifications are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

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N28 · Material links, gaps and update conditions

Current findings: Paper links and original records are retained; actual reading is recorded as summary read or unread. A URL or NCT identifier alone does not raise acquisition or reading status, and no separate external-link operation test was performed.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only corresponding stored-summary information is recorded. Detailed original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Acquisition of original texts, external reading, link verification and review of existing content remain incomplete. Review of existing content remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Acquisition of original texts, external reading, link verification and review of existing content remain incomplete.
Required materials and conditions: Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material
Materials to obtain first: Report-specific original texts, registration, plans and support material, and user feedback
Further research: If additional material is provided, record its original form and actual access scope when updating content. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial has been performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original material and analysis scope concerning Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material must be provided, with unverified points distinguishable. Existing stored wording is linked; review of existing content remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This applied item distinguishes Links between summary reading, unread material and additional material to connect required material for the selected question with currently available material.
Application exceptions: Stay within the stored-summary scope of the selected diet, population, endpoint and duration. Do not substitute figures from other diets, trials or endpoints, or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 covers material collection and selection; distinctions between access and reading and hyperlink specifications are internally designed. M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 distinguishes studies and reports; cohort and outcome linkage is an internal application. M04 §4.5 and §4.6.3; current evidence-conversion limits reflect review scope and internal design.

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