CHAMGAP
APPROVEDReviewed and approved by the Chamgap Editorial Team (2026-07-21). The draft was written by AI, the existence of all 4 cited sources was verified at the original page, and the verdict passed blind grading and adversarial audit. Methodology v0.6.
Verdict No. 928 · Search date 2026-07-21 · Methodology v0.6

Vitamin D3,
does it really help with Additional improvement in strength, power, and anaerobic performance in athletes without vitamin D deficiency?

30-Second Summary
D
Evidence Grade D · 28 · Safety caution
Correcting vitamin D deficiency may be appropriate, but evidence does not show extra strength, power, or anaerobic performance in athletes who are already sufficient
What the
research shows
Vitamin D3 is rated D for additional strength, power, and anaerobic performance in athletes who are not deficient. A 2023 meta-analysis of 11 randomized trials and 436 athletes found no significant improvement in maximal strength or power; among athletes with baseline 25(OH)D of at least 75 nmol/L, the power effect was trivial and nonsignificant at SMD 0.15. In a 57-player professional rugby trial with mean baseline 25(OH)D of 94 nmol/L, five of six performance outcomes, including the 30-m sprint, did not differ from placebo. Raising vitamin D concentration is correction of nutritional status, not proof of an ergogenic effect in a nondeficient athlete. Direct null evidence gives D with 28 points. This axis differs from immune verdict 012, bone verdict 353, and cardiovascular verdict 908.
What the
ads claim
Marketing merges higher serum vitamin D, restoration of function in deficiency, and observational correlations into extra power and sprint performance for nondeficient athletes. Randomized trials show that the blood concentration and performance outcomes can move independently.
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Useful facts when choosing a product

  • Deficiency status is determined from serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in clinical context, not merely from whether an athlete currently uses a supplement.
  • Trial regimens ranged from daily doses of several thousand international units to intermittent high doses; serum concentration rose without parallel performance gains.
  • Correcting a confirmed deficiency supports bone and muscle health and is distinct from targeting supranormal levels as an ergogenic strategy.
  • Sustained high doses can cause hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, kidney injury, and arrhythmia, so vitamin D from multiple products must be totaled.
Gap Measurement · Verdict 928 · D 28
What advertising claims
What independent, higher-quality research supports
△ GAP
01

What the research actually shows

Sist and colleagues in 2023 combined 11 randomized trials and 436 athletes using one-repetition maximum and vertical-jump measures and found no significant effect on maximal strength or power. Power was also null in the subgroup with baseline 25(OH)D of at least 75 nmol/L. Fairbairn and colleagues in 2018 studied 57 professional rugby players, all above 50 nmol/L and averaging 94 nmol/L. Vitamin D3 increased serum concentration but did not improve the primary 30-m sprint outcome or four other performance measures; only the weighted reverse-grip chin-up was positive. Scholten and colleagues in 2020 repleted 42 insufficient or deficient active adults toward 120 nmol/L but found no improvement in Wingate, 10- or 40-m sprint, vertical jump, grip strength, or isokinetic strength. These results separate biochemical repletion from performance enhancement.

02

Why this is classified as D (28)

Randomized trials and an athlete-specific meta-analysis found no consistent additional gain in maximal strength, power, or sprint performance among sufficient or nondeficient athletes. Higher serum 25(OH)D is a nutritional-status surrogate rather than a performance outcome. Separating deficiency correction from additional intake gives D with 28 points. Hypercalcemia and high-dose toxicity are safety issues independent of efficacy.

Counterpoint. Athletes in indoor sports, winter climates, or other high-risk settings may reasonably be tested and treated for deficiency. Once sufficiency is reached, training, sleep, energy and protein intake, iron status, and other true limitations deserve priority over more vitamin D.

Rejudgment record. New verdict — Separated serum 25(OH)D elevation from actual performance and applied the non-generalization principle for deficiency correction plus rule ② because an 11-trial athlete meta-analysis and a direct trial in vitamin-D-sufficient professional rugby players showed no consistent additional effect on maximal strength, power, or sprint performance

Sub-claim grades by effect

This ingredient is marketed for several effects. A single overall grade blends strong and weak claims together, so each effect is graded separately here. The overall grade reflects the strongest disconfirming or core claim.

Effect (sub-claim)GradeBasis
Additional improvement in maximal strength in nondeficient athletesDAn 11-trial meta-analysis found no significant overall effect on upper- or lower-body maximal strength.
Improvement in power and sprint performance in nondeficient athletesDPower at 25(OH)D of at least 75 nmol/L was nonsignificant at SMD 0.15, and the 30-m sprint was null in sufficient professional rugby players.
Additional improvement in anaerobic exercise performanceDWingate, sprint, jump, and strength outcomes did not improve even when insufficient participants were repleted to a high-normal concentration.

Cross-check — Codex and Claude

This verdict was drafted by Codex through literature review and source-existence checks, cross-checked through blind grading and adversarial audit, and settled by reapplying the methodology boundary rules. Cases with split grades were resolved through rejudgment.
03

Evidence Table

StudyDesignSampleFundingEndpointResultWeight
Sist M et al. 2023Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials in athletes436The authors reported no funding and no conflicts of interestUpper- and lower-body maximal strength and vertical-jump powerThere was no significant overall effect on maximal strength or power, and power at baseline 25(OH)D of at least 75 nmol/L was nonsignificant at SMD 0.15.Key synthesized null evidence
Fairbairn KA et al. 2018Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial94Support disclosed from the University of Otago, HAN University, and Invigorate NutritionPrimary 30-m sprint outcome and five additional fitness and strength testsVitamin D3 raised serum 25(OH)D, but five of six performance measures, including the 30-m sprint, did not differ from placebo.Direct null evidence in nondeficient athletes
Scholten SD et al. 2020Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled repletion trial39Funding source not stated in the public abstractWingate, 10- and 40-m sprint, vertical jump, grip, push-up, and isokinetic strength measuresRaising mean 25(OH)D from 61 to 123 nmol/L did not significantly improve any anaerobic performance measure.Evidence separating repletion from performance enhancement
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Receipt — 4 References

All 4 cited sources were verified for existence at the original page (as of 2026-07-21).

Sist M, Zou L, Galloway SDR, Rodriguez-Sanchez N. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on maximal strength and power in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1163313. PMID: 37841405. PMCID: PMC10570740. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1163313.
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Fairbairn KA, Ceelen IJM, Skeaff CM, Cameron CM, Perry TL. Vitamin D3 Supplementation Does Not Improve Sprint Performance in Professional Rugby Players: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Intervention Study. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018;28(1):1-9. PMID: 28771064. DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0157.
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Scholten SD, Ferley DD, Birger CB, et al. Physical performance is not improved with vitamin D repletion: a randomized trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020;60(1):85-91. PMID: 31565909. DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.09607-5.
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Singh P, Raizada N. Vitamin D toxicity and hypercalcaemia. Indian J Anaesth. 2021;65(3):272. PMID: 33776129. PMCID: PMC7989491. DOI: 10.4103/ija.IJA_1355_20.
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Draft and rewrite: Codex (AI) · Verification: Codex blind grading and adversarial audit · Final adjudication: Claude
Reviewed and approved: Chamgap Editorial Team · Approval date: 2026-07-21 · Corrections: none

Cite this verdict

Vitamin D3 x improved strength, power, and anaerobic performance in nondeficient athletes Evidence Grade D card
[Chamgap] Vitamin D3 x improved strength, power, and anaerobic performance in nondeficient athletes — Evidence Grade D·28. 4 cited sources checked. Source: https://chamgap.com/en/verdicts/sports/vitamin-d3-nondeficient-athlete-strength-power-anaerobic-performance/ · CC BY 4.0

CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution; do not distort grades, numbers, or verdict meaning.

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What this document does and does not do

Chamgap is an information source. It reports what research has and has not confirmed; it does not tell readers what to take or buy. That decision belongs to readers and, when needed, medical or legal professionals. This verdict reflects literature available up to the search date and may change as new research appears. Nothing here is medical advice.