Repeated post-exercise cold immersion × smaller hypertrophy gains

Required evidence, verification status and materials actually read
Item	AVerification status	BReading scope	CReview item	DCurrent findings	EWhy unverified	FRequired materials and conditions	GFurther research
1	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N01 · Evidence conditionWhich hypertrophy-gain claim is being checked?Required	The selected question concerns attenuated hypertrophy gains with repeated cold immersion. The parent covers hypertrophy/strength adaptation together; the other subclaim concerns muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. This sheet preserves the selected gain question. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes	Material needed: Original subclaim record and hypertrophy endpoint plans. Muscle loss, all strength outcomes and acute recovery remain distinct. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
2	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N02 · Evidence conditionIs subclaim D distinct from parent grade D with 28 points?Required	The selected subclaim is D, with a note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Score/status are absent. Parent grade D with 28 points and adverse-direction explanation are parent context, not a new subclaim score or a null-result verdict.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original grade, direction and absent values	Material needed: Original verdict, direction, subclaim records and correction material. Parent values do not fill absent subclaim values. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
3	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N03 · Evidence conditionWhich trainees provide the hypertrophy data?Required	The main trial concerns resistance-trained young men. Population details of the separate Fyfe trial of 16 participants are absent from the summary. Report-specific age, training history, exclusions and disease/sex range are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Population, training history and baseline conditions	Material needed: Original population, exclusion, training-history and baseline nutrition/disease tables. A representative population is not assigned to every report. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
4	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N04 · Evidence conditionWhat were the original repeated-cold-immersion specifications?Required	Main-trial specifications are 10°C for 10 minutes within 10 minutes after training, repeated 2 times weekly. Actual temperature variation, immersion extent, adherence, interruptions and exposure-specific effects are unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence	Material needed: Exposure specifications, actual temperature, adherence and interruption records. Research specifications are not new cold-water instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
5	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N05 · Evidence conditionHow do training region, repetition and duration differ?Required	Roberts records 12 weeks of lower-body resistance training 2 times weekly. Fyfe bibliography concerns whole-body training; the evidence summary records 7 weeks with passive rest as control. Load, progression, components, adherence and muscle-specific details are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Training programs and outcome timing	Material needed: Training protocols, load/progression, adherence and measurement times. Different programs are not combined as the same exposure. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
6	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N06 · Evidence conditionWhat comparison does active recovery provide?Required	Roberts control is 10 minutes of low-intensity cycling as active recovery, rather than passive rest. This compares gains during the same training; active recovery's separate contribution and matching of contact/nutrition/load are unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Roberts control and accompanying management	Material needed: Control specifications, activity/contact and shared training/nutrition records. Active recovery is not substituted for passive rest. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
7	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N07 · Evidence conditionWhat are the passive-rest control and different cold specifications?Required	The separate trial of 16 participants compared 10°C for 15 minutes with indoor rest at 23°C over 7 weeks. This differs from Roberts 10-minute/active-recovery comparison; contact, rest, adherence/load details are unverified. R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Fyfe intervention, control and duration	Material needed: Fyfe intervention, control, adherence, training and original outcome tables. Temperatures, times and controls remain report-specific. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
8	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N08 · Evidence conditionWhat outcome is MRI quadriceps gain?Required	Roberts endpoints are MRI quadriceps gain and strength. The selected question links to MRI gain; measurement/derivation procedures, assessors, muscle-region details and arm-specific analysis denominators are unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	MRI measurement and change derivation	Material needed: Original MRI tables, measurement/derivation procedures, baseline/end values and denominators. These are not converted into other muscles or strength outcomes. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
9	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N09 · Evidence conditionWhat are the arm-specific gains and P value?Required	Original results are active recovery 309±73 g versus CWI 103±71 g, difference -206 g/P<.001. These are preserved original values; the meaning of ±, exact arm analysis denominators and CIs are unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty	Material needed: Original MRI outcome tables, legends, tests, denominators and intervals. ± is not read as a CI and no new difference is calculated. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
10	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N10 · Evidence conditionWhat original record contains d=-4.1?Required	The parent explanation records MRI gain difference -206 g, d=-4.1 and P<.001. The definition/derivation of d, arm denominators, intervals and adjustment are unverified in the current summary. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Definition and derivation of the original effect size	Material needed: Original effect derivation, models, intervals and denominators. No new d or CI is estimated. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
11	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N11 · Evidence conditionWere 95% CIs and prospective primary hierarchy verified?Required	The original explanation lists unverified prospective primary hierarchy and 95% CIs as limitations. Representative MRI-gain/strength endpoint labels do not certify prospective hierarchy. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale	Material needed: Registration, protocols, SAPs, original intervals and sample-size rationale. Metadata and verification of prospective plans remain distinct. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
12	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N12 · Evidence conditionHow does less gain differ from muscle loss?Required	The original records muscle gains in both groups, including 103 g in the cold group. -206 g compares gains during the same training; it is not muscle loss from baseline. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Change from baseline and between-group comparison	Material needed: Original baseline, end/change tables and analysis scope. Smaller gains are not converted into negative change from baseline. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
13	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N13 · Evidence conditionIs type II hypertrophy the same as MRI grams?Required	Fyfe endpoints are muscle-fiber area and strength, with less type II hypertrophy reported. Preserve the original directional support; exact original values, units, effects/CIs, analysis denominators and other fiber outcomes are unverified. R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Fiber area versus MRI	Material needed: Original fiber tables, measurement/derivation, regions and denominators/CIs. Fiber area is not converted into MRI grams. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
14	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N14 · Evidence conditionHow do maximum-strength outcomes differ from hypertrophy?Required	The original records no clear attenuation of maximum-strength gains in Fyfe; the preserved summary describes a null maximum-strength difference. Strength findings differ across trials, and detailed measures, estimates and CIs are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Strength-specific results and disagreement	Material needed: Original tables, models, denominators and intervals for each strength measure. Null results do not establish 0 effect, equivalence or impairment of all strength outcomes. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
15	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N15 · Evidence conditionDoes acute anabolic signaling replace longer-term hypertrophy?Required	Both paper titles mention anabolic signaling, but stored evidence summaries concern longer-term MRI, fiber and strength outcomes. Exact acute-marker values, times, samples and relationships to longer-term populations are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples	Material needed: Within-report acute/longer-term distinctions, sample/timing and identity material. Titles alone do not create acute values or new trials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
16	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N16 · Evidence conditionAre perceived recovery/soreness and hypertrophy the same goal?Required	The original distinguishes acute recovery, soreness/perceived recovery and longer-term adaptation. Verdict 1247 identifies a different question; its material was not read in this work.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation	Material needed: Outcome definitions, timing and cohort material for the same/different questions. Acute recovery is not transferred into hypertrophy benefit. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
17	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N17 · Evidence conditionWhich stage does the assigned count of 24 describe?Required	Roberts records 24 assigned/21 completed. Arm assignment denominators, recruitment/eligibility/exclusions and exact sequence-generation/concealment procedures are unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures	Material needed: Arm-specific flowcharts, allocation/recruitment and procedures. Overall counts are not automatically assigned as arm or endpoint denominators. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
18	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N18 · Evidence conditionAre 21 completers linked to measurement-specific denominators?Required	The original lists complete-case analysis as a limitation and records 21 completers. Arm denominators, exclusions, interruptions/missingness for MRI, strength and acute analyses are separately unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators	Material needed: Arm denominators, flow and exclusions in original MRI/strength tables. Completer counts do not replace every outcome's analysis denominator. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
19	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N19 · Evidence conditionWere withdrawal causes kept distinct from cold-induced harm?Required	Original safety wording did not attribute unrelated-injury withdrawal to cold immersion. Arm-specific withdrawal, exact causes/timing, observation loss and analysis handling are unverified. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Injury/withdrawal causes and timing	Material needed: Flowcharts, injury/withdrawal causes, timing and analysis handling. No new attrition counts/rates or causal judgment are created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
20	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N20 · Evidence conditionAre 16 participants the fiber/strength denominators?Required	Fyfe records 16 participants. Arm assignment/completion, fiber/strength analysis denominators and missing biopsy/measurement data and their handling are unverified. R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators	Material needed: Flow, measurement denominators, missing data and analyses. Overall sample size does not replace all endpoint denominators. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
21	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N21 · Evidence conditionWhat do completer, assigned and actual-use analyses estimate?Required	Roberts complete-case analysis is recorded. Full-assignment analysis, baseline/load/nutrition adjustment, missingness/sensitivity, actual-exposure estimates and Fyfe analysis details are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity	Material needed: SAPs, actual models, analysis populations and missingness/sensitivity material. No new analysis or adjustment is executed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
22	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N22 · Evidence conditionHow were MRI, biopsy and strength assessed?Required	MRI, fiber-area and strength measurement names are present, but measurement/derivation procedures, repetition, assessor/analyst allocation awareness, standardization and reliability are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability	Material needed: Measurement procedures, assessor/analyst records and repetition/reliability. Measurement names alone do not certify blinding or precision. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
23	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N23 · Evidence conditionAre contributions of nutrition products, diet and training management known?Required	Roberts records in-kind nutrition products from Body Science. Actual products, intake/arm distribution, diet/nutrition, training load and observational control are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management	Material needed: Nutrition, supplements, training/adherence and shared-management records. Product provision does not establish matched intake or a separate effect. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
24	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N24 · Evidence conditionHow does an absent registration field differ from prospective endpoint verification?Required	Both original evidence summaries lack registration-identifier fields. The explanation explicitly notes unverified prospective primary hierarchy. Registration identity/content, timing relative to recruitment, changes and protocols are unverified and were not accessed. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Registration identity, content, timing and plans	Material needed: Registration, protocols, SAPs and changes linked to the papers. An absent field does not establish no registration or prospective verification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
25	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N25 · Evidence conditionHow are longer-term, acute and multiple outcomes in the same report linked?Required	Roberts and Fyfe have separate preserved bibliographies. Multiple outcomes, acute/longer-term sample relationships and related-report overlap are unverified. Support from two small trials is original wording, not new independence certification. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes	Material needed: Registration, recruitment dates and report/cohort/outcome identity. Multiple outcomes or both sheets are not summed as new participants or independent trials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
26	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N26 · Evidence conditionWhat verification level applies to support, interests and original I1?Required	Roberts records public/university support and Body Science in-kind nutrition products; Fyfe records public sport/university support. Parent mixed-support wording and I1 are historical values; detailed roles, interests, involvement/independence are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values	Material needed: Support/interest declarations, product distribution, affiliations and investigator roles. No new absence of company-employed authors or analysis/publication involvement is established. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
27	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N27 · Evidence conditionCan two supportive directions generalize to every exposure/population?Required	The original note describes two small trials supporting the direction, but MRI gains and type II area differ. Active/passive controls, duration, training and exposure also differ; maximum-strength disagreement is preserved. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure	Material needed: Condition-specific original tables, measurements/comparisons and identity material. Different supportive directions are not calculated as one pooled effect. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
28	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N28 · Evidence conditionWhat persists after exposure and under other conditions?Required	Original material concerns 12 and 7 weeks of training. Post-training recovery/persistence, other temperatures/timing/frequencies and subgroup effects are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups	Material needed: Original post-training, other-exposure and subgroup data. No sustained effect beyond original durations is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
29	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N29 · Evidence conditionDo hypertrophy measures answer medical-injury or disease-safety questions?Required	The original calls smaller hypertrophy gains adverse to that training goal while separately leaving medical adverse-event rates and safety across diseases unverified. MRI gains/fiber measures are not direct medical-harm data. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm	Material needed: Separate harm/disease-population reports, exposure, events and denominators. Goal-related disadvantage is not converted into medical-harm incidence. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
30	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N30 · Evidence conditionWhat material was actually read here?Required	The complete parent JSON was read and preserved byte for byte. Bibliographies/summaries for both reports were read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, planning and support materials remain unread. No external links/access were attempted. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Reading scope of stored summaries and external originals	Material needed: Report-specific abstracts, full texts, registration/plans, original tables, support material and actual reading records. Bibliography/PMCID presence does not mean full-text reading. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
31	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N31 · Evidence conditionAre historical verification and current production/review distinct?Required	The original evidence date is 2026-09-07, the correction array is empty and the deliberation note an empty string. Parent historical verification of longer-term trials, MRI, strength and funding does not establish completed content review in this work.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks	Material needed: Complete actual correction/evidence-update records. Original dates are not production/review dates and do not certify no external corrections. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
32	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N32 · Evidence conditionWere gain/loss boundaries in both original languages preserved?Required	The selected English claim concerns attenuated hypertrophy gains with repeated cold immersion. The parent distinguishes less muscle gain from muscle loss and limits the strength claim. Detailed translation checks against external papers were not performed.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Correspondence of original languages and scope	Material needed: Complete needed original reports, translations and corrections. Original bilingual distinctions do not create new verification or broader claims. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
33	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N33 · Evidence conditionHow are parent axes and absent subclaim values retained?Required	Parent axes are B/S/R1/I1/E-/B2/CX, with derived grade D. Four false flags and empty override reasons are also original values. Separate selected-subclaim score, status and axes are absent.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original axes and selected-field boundaries	Material needed: Actual axis/subclaim-record correction material. Parent axes/scores do not fill absent subclaim values. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
34	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N34 · Evidence conditionWhich medical adverse events were collected?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	Original safety is Caution and medical adverse-event rates are explicitly unverified. Actual harm definitions, collection/assessors and original event tables are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events	Material needed: Harm definitions, collection and withdrawal/event tables. Caution does not establish actual incidence, no harm or safety certification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
35	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N35 · Evidence conditionHow do exposure, injury, interruption and follow-up times differ?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	The 12-/7-week training exposure durations are preserved. Actual harm timing, recovery/interruption, post-training follow-up and temporal order of injuries are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time	Material needed: Exposure, event, interruption and later timelines. Training duration is not substituted for harm follow-up duration. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
36	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N36 · Evidence conditionWere harms compared equally with active/passive controls?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	Active recovery and passive rest controls are preserved. Matched harm collection, observation periods and original direct medical-risk comparisons by arm are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison	Material needed: Arm-specific harm collection, periods and withdrawal/event tables. A control arm alone does not establish matched collection or a direct risk comparison. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
37	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N37 · Evidence conditionWhat are harm event counts and exposure/observation denominators?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	Preserve original 24 assigned/21 completed and the separate 16 participants. Medical-harm event counts, exposure/observation denominators and arm-specific interruptions are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original medical-harm events and denominators	Material needed: Original harm tables, actual exposure/observation flow and interruptions. Trial counts do not establish harm denominators or 0 events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
38	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N38 · Evidence conditionAre injury, training load, nutrition and exposure causality distinguished?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	The original did not attribute unrelated-injury withdrawal to cold exposure. Detailed training load, nutrition, baseline disease and injury/exposure timing and causal assessment are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment	Material needed: Injury timing, training/nutrition, baseline risks and causal-assessment records. No new medical causality is established. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
39	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N39 · Evidence conditionAre interruptions/withdrawals linked to missing harm data?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	Complete-case analysis and original unrelated-injury withdrawal wording are present. Arm-specific interruptions, lost harm collection, selective reporting and subsequent follow-up are unverified. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up	Material needed: Interruption/withdrawal reasons, harm records, follow-up and published tables. Missing data do not establish no harm. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
40	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N40 · Evidence conditionWhat independent, disease-population or later harm material is available?Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions	The original separately leaves safety across diseases unverified. Independent medical-harm, vulnerable-population and post-training event material for the same exposure is unverified in the current preserved scope. R01 R02	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations	Material needed: Related harm/disease-population, exposure/collection/denominator and later material. No safety or risk certification beyond the original scope is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
41	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N41 · Evidence conditionAre conditions, method copies, application and review separate?Required	The 5 method HTML snapshots, family conditions and quality contract are linked as preserved copies. Condition saving/freezing and separate application are distinct; content/model/boundary review is not marked complete.	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Condition freezing, observations and change records	Material needed: Complete new reports, registration, corrections and original tables, plus full prior originals, condition versions, application and review records. Material additions, condition revisions and verdict changes remain separate events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.

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41 itemsWhat the statuses mean

Assessment scope

Stored-material review date: Not recorded
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-09-07
Scope actually checked: Existing review summaries and stored records of methodological application. Full papers, supplements, registrations, plans and original data were not read.
What the dates mean: This is the date the stored materials were checked, not the date of a new search of the clinical literature.
Population: R01 Roberts concerns resistance-trained young men, with 24 assigned/21 completed. R02 Fyfe is a separate trial of 16 participants; detailed eligibility and arm-/measurement-specific denominators are unverified. Age, training history, disease/sex range, baseline nutrition and exclusions are not invented and the two sample sizes are not summed.
Ingredient, formulation and route: The selected question concerns hypertrophy gains with repeated cold immersion after resistance training. Distinguish Roberts lower-body training with active recovery from Fyfe whole-body training in the bibliography with passive rest. Immersion extent, training load/progression, actual exposure, nutrition and adherence details are unverified. Research specifications are not turned into new instructions.
Dose: Roberts original specification is 10°C for 10 minutes within 10 minutes after training, repeated 2 times weekly. The separate Fyfe trial uses 10°C for 15 minutes versus indoor rest at 23°C. Actual temperatures, adherence and interruptions are unverified; no new total exposure, optimal temperature/timing or implementation method is calculated or recommended.
Comparator: Roberts compared cold immersion with 10 minutes of low-intensity cycling as active recovery; Fyfe used passive indoor rest at 23°C. Active and passive controls are not combined as the same comparison. Contact, nutrition products/diet, training load, actual exposure and their matching or separate contributions are unverified.
Measured outcome: Roberts MRI quadriceps gains are active recovery 309±73 g versus cold immersion 103±71 g, with original difference -206 g/P<.001. Parent explanation d=-4.1 is also an original value. The meaning of ±, exact denominators, effects/95% CIs and prospective hierarchy are unverified. Fyfe type II area, maximum strength and acute signaling are different outcomes; attenuated gains are not muscle loss from baseline.
Duration: Roberts reports 12 weeks of training and the separate Fyfe trial 7 weeks. Post-training recovery, persistence, other temperatures/timing/frequencies, subgroups and medical-harm follow-up are unverified. Acute perceived recovery/soreness is distinguished from longer-term adaptation and does not establish benefit, impairment or safety under other conditions.
Questions outside this scope: Transferring a gain difference of -206 g into muscle loss from baseline or impairment of every strength adaptation; Combining MRI grams, type II fiber area, maximum strength and acute signaling as the same endpoint/effect; Treating active/passive controls, training/exposure, duration and nutrition as identical conditions; Summing assigned/completer counts, multiple outcomes, acute/longer-term populations, related reports or both sheets into new participant/unique-trial totals; Inheriting original parent grade D with 28 points, E-, historical verification or independence wording as absent subclaim values or new verdicts/certification; Treating adverse adaptation for a training goal or unrelated-injury withdrawal as confirmed cold-induced medical harm; Creating new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions

Evidence and sources

The links below lead to the sources. A link alone does not mean the original source was read or its latest publication status verified.

R01 · Roberts LA et al. Post-exercise cold water immersion attenuates acute anabolic signalling and long-term adaptations in muscle to strength training. J Physiol. 2015;593(18):4285-4301. PMID: 26174323. PMCID: PMC4594298. DOI: 10.1113/JP270570.

PubMed

Material type: Twelve-week active-recovery controlled resistance-training trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Active recovery 309±73 g vs CWI 103±71 g; difference -206 g, P<.001
Record level: 12-week MRI gain comparison with active recovery. Preserve 24 assigned/21 completed, 309±73 g versus 103±71 g, original difference -206 g/P<.001 and parent d=-4.1. Both groups gained muscle. Complete-case analysis is distinguished from unverified arm denominators, ± definitions, prospective hierarchy and 95% CIs. No new difference/effect/CI or attrition count is calculated.
Study overlap and independent replication: Roberts and Fyfe have separate preserved bibliographies; the parent and both subclaim sheets share these reports. Roberts longer-term MRI/strength and acute signaling, and Fyfe fiber/strength outcomes are different results. Acute/longer-term cohort relationships, overlap with related reports and unique-trial/participant totals are unverified. Multiple measures, subgroups, repeated measurements, sheets and reports are not summed into new participants or independent replications.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Protocol	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Analysis plan and original tables	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Intervention and harms	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Support and interests	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 26174323, DOI 10.1113/JP270570, PMCID PMC4594298 and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.

R02 · Fyfe JJ et al. Cold water immersion attenuates anabolic signaling and skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy, but not strength gain, following whole-body resistance training. J Appl Physiol. 2019;127(5):1403-1418. PMID: 31513450. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019.

PubMed

Material type: Seven-week passive-rest controlled resistance-training trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Less type II hypertrophy; no clear maximum-strength attenuation
Record level: Separate trial of 16 participants over 7 weeks. Preserve both the direction of less type II fiber hypertrophy and the original summary of no clear maximum-strength attenuation. Exact fiber/strength values, units, effects/CIs, measurement denominators and other fiber outcomes are unverified. These are not converted into MRI grams or impairment of every strength outcome.
Study overlap and independent replication: Roberts and Fyfe have separate preserved bibliographies; the parent and both subclaim sheets share these reports. Roberts longer-term MRI/strength and acute signaling, and Fyfe fiber/strength outcomes are different results. Acute/longer-term cohort relationships, overlap with related reports and unique-trial/participant totals are unverified. Multiple measures, subgroups, repeated measurements, sheets and reports are not summed into new participants or independent replications.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Protocol	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Analysis plan and original tables	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Intervention and harms	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.
Support and interests	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 31513450, DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00127.2019, PMCID unrecorded and bibliographic wording unchanged. Original evidence summaries lack a registration-identifier field and citation registration wording is unrecorded. This does not establish no registration; no new identifier/URL, prospective status or external reading is inferred.

Report counts versus independent study counts

Roberts and Fyfe have separate preserved bibliographies; the parent and both subclaim sheets share these reports. Roberts longer-term MRI/strength and acute signaling, and Fyfe fiber/strength outcomes are different results. Acute/longer-term cohort relationships, overlap with related reports and unique-trial/participant totals are unverified. Multiple measures, subgroups, repeated measurements, sheets and reports are not summed into new participants or independent replications.

Review criteria

Version 1.0 · Criteria record date 2026-10-06. These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the referenced methods. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

N01 · Which hypertrophy-gain claim is being checked?

Required materials and conditions: Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes
Conditions for verification: Material for Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N02 · Is subclaim D distinct from parent grade D with 28 points?

Required materials and conditions: Original grade, direction and absent values
Conditions for verification: Material for Original grade, direction and absent values must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original grade, direction and absent values with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N03 · Which trainees provide the hypertrophy data?

Required materials and conditions: Population, training history and baseline conditions
Conditions for verification: Material for Population, training history and baseline conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population, training history and baseline conditions with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N04 · What were the original repeated-cold-immersion specifications?

Required materials and conditions: Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence
Conditions for verification: Material for Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N05 · How do training region, repetition and duration differ?

Required materials and conditions: Training programs and outcome timing
Conditions for verification: Material for Training programs and outcome timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Training programs and outcome timing with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N06 · What comparison does active recovery provide?

Required materials and conditions: Roberts control and accompanying management
Conditions for verification: Material for Roberts control and accompanying management must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Roberts control and accompanying management with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N07 · What are the passive-rest control and different cold specifications?

Required materials and conditions: Fyfe intervention, control and duration
Conditions for verification: Material for Fyfe intervention, control and duration must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Fyfe intervention, control and duration with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N08 · What outcome is MRI quadriceps gain?

Required materials and conditions: MRI measurement and change derivation
Conditions for verification: Material for MRI measurement and change derivation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects MRI measurement and change derivation with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N09 · What are the arm-specific gains and P value?

Required materials and conditions: Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty
Conditions for verification: Material for Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N10 · What original record contains d=-4.1?

Required materials and conditions: Definition and derivation of the original effect size
Conditions for verification: Material for Definition and derivation of the original effect size must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Definition and derivation of the original effect size with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N11 · Were 95% CIs and prospective primary hierarchy verified?

Required materials and conditions: Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale
Conditions for verification: Material for Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N12 · How does less gain differ from muscle loss?

Required materials and conditions: Change from baseline and between-group comparison
Conditions for verification: Material for Change from baseline and between-group comparison must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Change from baseline and between-group comparison with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N13 · Is type II hypertrophy the same as MRI grams?

Required materials and conditions: Fiber area versus MRI
Conditions for verification: Material for Fiber area versus MRI must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Fiber area versus MRI with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N14 · How do maximum-strength outcomes differ from hypertrophy?

Required materials and conditions: Strength-specific results and disagreement
Conditions for verification: Material for Strength-specific results and disagreement must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Strength-specific results and disagreement with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N15 · Does acute anabolic signaling replace longer-term hypertrophy?

Required materials and conditions: Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples
Conditions for verification: Material for Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N16 · Are perceived recovery/soreness and hypertrophy the same goal?

Required materials and conditions: Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation
Conditions for verification: Material for Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N17 · Which stage does the assigned count of 24 describe?

Required materials and conditions: Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures
Conditions for verification: Material for Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N18 · Are 21 completers linked to measurement-specific denominators?

Required materials and conditions: Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators
Conditions for verification: Material for Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N19 · Were withdrawal causes kept distinct from cold-induced harm?

Required materials and conditions: Injury/withdrawal causes and timing
Conditions for verification: Material for Injury/withdrawal causes and timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Injury/withdrawal causes and timing with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N20 · Are 16 participants the fiber/strength denominators?

Required materials and conditions: Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators
Conditions for verification: Material for Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N21 · What do completer, assigned and actual-use analyses estimate?

Required materials and conditions: Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity
Conditions for verification: Material for Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N22 · How were MRI, biopsy and strength assessed?

Required materials and conditions: Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability
Conditions for verification: Material for Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N23 · Are contributions of nutrition products, diet and training management known?

Required materials and conditions: Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management
Conditions for verification: Material for Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N24 · How does an absent registration field differ from prospective endpoint verification?

Required materials and conditions: Registration identity, content, timing and plans
Conditions for verification: Material for Registration identity, content, timing and plans must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Registration identity, content, timing and plans with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N25 · How are longer-term, acute and multiple outcomes in the same report linked?

Required materials and conditions: Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes
Conditions for verification: Material for Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N26 · What verification level applies to support, interests and original I1?

Required materials and conditions: Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values
Conditions for verification: Material for Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N27 · Can two supportive directions generalize to every exposure/population?

Required materials and conditions: Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure
Conditions for verification: Material for Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N28 · What persists after exposure and under other conditions?

Required materials and conditions: Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups
Conditions for verification: Material for Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N29 · Do hypertrophy measures answer medical-injury or disease-safety questions?

Required materials and conditions: Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm
Conditions for verification: Material for Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N30 · What material was actually read here?

Required materials and conditions: Reading scope of stored summaries and external originals
Conditions for verification: Material for Reading scope of stored summaries and external originals must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Stored summaries versus external originals with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N31 · Are historical verification and current production/review distinct?

Required materials and conditions: Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks
Conditions for verification: Material for Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N32 · Were gain/loss boundaries in both original languages preserved?

Required materials and conditions: Correspondence of original languages and scope
Conditions for verification: Material for Correspondence of original languages and scope must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Correspondence of original languages and scope with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N33 · How are parent axes and absent subclaim values retained?

Required materials and conditions: Original axes and selected-field boundaries
Conditions for verification: Material for Original axes and selected-field boundaries must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original axes and selected-field boundaries with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N34 · Which medical adverse events were collected?

Required materials and conditions: Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events
Conditions for verification: Material for Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N35 · How do exposure, injury, interruption and follow-up times differ?

Required materials and conditions: Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time
Conditions for verification: Material for Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N36 · Were harms compared equally with active/passive controls?

Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N37 · What are harm event counts and exposure/observation denominators?

Required materials and conditions: Original medical-harm events and denominators
Conditions for verification: Material for Original medical-harm events and denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original medical-harm events and denominators with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N38 · Are injury, training load, nutrition and exposure causality distinguished?

Required materials and conditions: Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment
Conditions for verification: Material for Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N39 · Are interruptions/withdrawals linked to missing harm data?

Required materials and conditions: Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up
Conditions for verification: Material for Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N40 · What independent, disease-population or later harm material is available?

Required materials and conditions: Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary; required for extending medical safety conclusions
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N41 · Are conditions, method copies, application and review separate?

Required materials and conditions: Condition freezing, observations and change records
Conditions for verification: Material for Condition freezing, observations and change records must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Condition freezing, observations and change records with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Referenced methods and the sections actually reviewed

M03 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13

Referenced principle: Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M04 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03

Official methodology · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42

Referenced principle: Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M08 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a

Referenced principle: Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M15 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3

Referenced principle: Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M19 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4

Referenced principle: Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

What the statuses mean

Met: The original content has been reviewed as meeting the conditions. This status is not used in this preparation.
Partly verified: Some information in the stored summary was linked during preparation; clinical verification or review is not complete.
Unverified: Required direct values, definitions or materials have not been established within the current storage and reading scope. This does not mean zero effect, no papers or failed access.
Review incomplete: Awaiting user review, or actual review remains incomplete.
Not reported: Used only when original materials were actually read and the outcome was judged unreported. Not used for external materials unread in this work.
Inaccessible: Used only when an actual access attempt has a recorded failure. Not used for access that was not attempted in this work.
Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Indicates insufficient direct materials for the relevant scope or conditions; it is not a new grade.
Not applicable: Used when the reason it does not apply to the original question is stated.
Conflicting data: Retains the scope of conflicting statements in original materials; it is not an arbitrary reassessment.

Change history

2026-10-16 · Public page/material version 1.0

The reader view and materials were prepared from the existing 41 items. No new clinical search, verification-status changes or scoring were performed.

The stored-material review date (Not recorded) and original evidence cut-off (2026-09-07) were retained unchanged.

Researcher downloads

These materials provide the same evidence, scope and verification status as this page.

View all item details

N01 · Which hypertrophy-gain claim is being checked?

Current findings: The selected question concerns attenuated hypertrophy gains with repeated cold immersion. The parent covers hypertrophy/strength adaptation together; the other subclaim concerns muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. This sheet preserves the selected gain question.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original subclaim record and hypertrophy endpoint plans. Muscle loss, all strength outcomes and acute recovery remain distinct.
Required materials and conditions: Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes
Materials to obtain first: Original subclaim record and hypertrophy endpoint plans. Muscle loss, all strength outcomes and acute recovery remain distinct.
Further research: Material needed: Original subclaim record and hypertrophy endpoint plans. Muscle loss, all strength outcomes and acute recovery remain distinct. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Selected subclaim and boundaries with other outcomes with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N02 · Is subclaim D distinct from parent grade D with 28 points?

Current findings: The selected subclaim is D, with a note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Score/status are absent. Parent grade D with 28 points and adverse-direction explanation are parent context, not a new subclaim score or a null-result verdict.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original verdict, direction, subclaim records and correction material. Parent values do not fill absent subclaim values.
Required materials and conditions: Original grade, direction and absent values
Materials to obtain first: Original verdict, direction, subclaim records and correction material. Parent values do not fill absent subclaim values.
Further research: Material needed: Original verdict, direction, subclaim records and correction material. Parent values do not fill absent subclaim values. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original grade, direction and absent values must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original grade, direction and absent values with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N03 · Which trainees provide the hypertrophy data?

Current findings: The main trial concerns resistance-trained young men. Population details of the separate Fyfe trial of 16 participants are absent from the summary. Report-specific age, training history, exclusions and disease/sex range are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original population, exclusion, training-history and baseline nutrition/disease tables. A representative population is not assigned to every report.
Required materials and conditions: Population, training history and baseline conditions
Materials to obtain first: Original population, exclusion, training-history and baseline nutrition/disease tables. A representative population is not assigned to every report.
Further research: Material needed: Original population, exclusion, training-history and baseline nutrition/disease tables. A representative population is not assigned to every report. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Population, training history and baseline conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population, training history and baseline conditions with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N04 · What were the original repeated-cold-immersion specifications?

Current findings: Main-trial specifications are 10°C for 10 minutes within 10 minutes after training, repeated 2 times weekly. Actual temperature variation, immersion extent, adherence, interruptions and exposure-specific effects are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exposure specifications, actual temperature, adherence and interruption records. Research specifications are not new cold-water instructions.
Required materials and conditions: Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence
Materials to obtain first: Exposure specifications, actual temperature, adherence and interruption records. Research specifications are not new cold-water instructions.
Further research: Material needed: Exposure specifications, actual temperature, adherence and interruption records. Research specifications are not new cold-water instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Cold exposure specifications and actual adherence with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N05 · How do training region, repetition and duration differ?

Current findings: Roberts records 12 weeks of lower-body resistance training 2 times weekly. Fyfe bibliography concerns whole-body training; the evidence summary records 7 weeks with passive rest as control. Load, progression, components, adherence and muscle-specific details are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Training protocols, load/progression, adherence and measurement times. Different programs are not combined as the same exposure.
Required materials and conditions: Training programs and outcome timing
Materials to obtain first: Training protocols, load/progression, adherence and measurement times. Different programs are not combined as the same exposure.
Further research: Material needed: Training protocols, load/progression, adherence and measurement times. Different programs are not combined as the same exposure. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Training programs and outcome timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Training programs and outcome timing with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N06 · What comparison does active recovery provide?

Current findings: Roberts control is 10 minutes of low-intensity cycling as active recovery, rather than passive rest. This compares gains during the same training; active recovery's separate contribution and matching of contact/nutrition/load are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Control specifications, activity/contact and shared training/nutrition records. Active recovery is not substituted for passive rest.
Required materials and conditions: Roberts control and accompanying management
Materials to obtain first: Control specifications, activity/contact and shared training/nutrition records. Active recovery is not substituted for passive rest.
Further research: Material needed: Control specifications, activity/contact and shared training/nutrition records. Active recovery is not substituted for passive rest. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Roberts control and accompanying management must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Roberts control and accompanying management with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N07 · What are the passive-rest control and different cold specifications?

Current findings: The separate trial of 16 participants compared 10°C for 15 minutes with indoor rest at 23°C over 7 weeks. This differs from Roberts 10-minute/active-recovery comparison; contact, rest, adherence/load details are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Fyfe intervention, control, adherence, training and original outcome tables. Temperatures, times and controls remain report-specific.
Required materials and conditions: Fyfe intervention, control and duration
Materials to obtain first: Fyfe intervention, control, adherence, training and original outcome tables. Temperatures, times and controls remain report-specific.
Further research: Material needed: Fyfe intervention, control, adherence, training and original outcome tables. Temperatures, times and controls remain report-specific. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Fyfe intervention, control and duration must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Fyfe intervention, control and duration with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02

N08 · What outcome is MRI quadriceps gain?

Current findings: Roberts endpoints are MRI quadriceps gain and strength. The selected question links to MRI gain; measurement/derivation procedures, assessors, muscle-region details and arm-specific analysis denominators are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original MRI tables, measurement/derivation procedures, baseline/end values and denominators. These are not converted into other muscles or strength outcomes.
Required materials and conditions: MRI measurement and change derivation
Materials to obtain first: Original MRI tables, measurement/derivation procedures, baseline/end values and denominators. These are not converted into other muscles or strength outcomes.
Further research: Material needed: Original MRI tables, measurement/derivation procedures, baseline/end values and denominators. These are not converted into other muscles or strength outcomes. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for MRI measurement and change derivation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects MRI measurement and change derivation with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N09 · What are the arm-specific gains and P value?

Current findings: Original results are active recovery 309±73 g versus CWI 103±71 g, difference -206 g/P<.001. These are preserved original values; the meaning of ±, exact arm analysis denominators and CIs are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original MRI outcome tables, legends, tests, denominators and intervals. ± is not read as a CI and no new difference is calculated.
Required materials and conditions: Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty
Materials to obtain first: Original MRI outcome tables, legends, tests, denominators and intervals. ± is not read as a CI and no new difference is calculated.
Further research: Material needed: Original MRI outcome tables, legends, tests, denominators and intervals. ± is not read as a CI and no new difference is calculated. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original MRI values, difference and uncertainty with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N10 · What original record contains d=-4.1?

Current findings: The parent explanation records MRI gain difference -206 g, d=-4.1 and P<.001. The definition/derivation of d, arm denominators, intervals and adjustment are unverified in the current summary.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original effect derivation, models, intervals and denominators. No new d or CI is estimated.
Required materials and conditions: Definition and derivation of the original effect size
Materials to obtain first: Original effect derivation, models, intervals and denominators. No new d or CI is estimated.
Further research: Material needed: Original effect derivation, models, intervals and denominators. No new d or CI is estimated. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Definition and derivation of the original effect size must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Definition and derivation of the original effect size with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N11 · Were 95% CIs and prospective primary hierarchy verified?

Current findings: The original explanation lists unverified prospective primary hierarchy and 95% CIs as limitations. Representative MRI-gain/strength endpoint labels do not certify prospective hierarchy.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Registration, protocols, SAPs, original intervals and sample-size rationale. Metadata and verification of prospective plans remain distinct.
Required materials and conditions: Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale
Materials to obtain first: Registration, protocols, SAPs, original intervals and sample-size rationale. Metadata and verification of prospective plans remain distinct.
Further research: Material needed: Registration, protocols, SAPs, original intervals and sample-size rationale. Metadata and verification of prospective plans remain distinct. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Prospective hierarchy, intervals and sample-size rationale with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N12 · How does less gain differ from muscle loss?

Current findings: The original records muscle gains in both groups, including 103 g in the cold group. -206 g compares gains during the same training; it is not muscle loss from baseline.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original baseline, end/change tables and analysis scope. Smaller gains are not converted into negative change from baseline.
Required materials and conditions: Change from baseline and between-group comparison
Materials to obtain first: Original baseline, end/change tables and analysis scope. Smaller gains are not converted into negative change from baseline.
Further research: Material needed: Original baseline, end/change tables and analysis scope. Smaller gains are not converted into negative change from baseline. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Change from baseline and between-group comparison must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Change from baseline and between-group comparison with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N13 · Is type II hypertrophy the same as MRI grams?

Current findings: Fyfe endpoints are muscle-fiber area and strength, with less type II hypertrophy reported. Preserve the original directional support; exact original values, units, effects/CIs, analysis denominators and other fiber outcomes are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original fiber tables, measurement/derivation, regions and denominators/CIs. Fiber area is not converted into MRI grams.
Required materials and conditions: Fiber area versus MRI
Materials to obtain first: Original fiber tables, measurement/derivation, regions and denominators/CIs. Fiber area is not converted into MRI grams.
Further research: Material needed: Original fiber tables, measurement/derivation, regions and denominators/CIs. Fiber area is not converted into MRI grams. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Fiber area versus MRI must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Fiber area versus MRI with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02

N14 · How do maximum-strength outcomes differ from hypertrophy?

Current findings: The original records no clear attenuation of maximum-strength gains in Fyfe; the preserved summary describes a null maximum-strength difference. Strength findings differ across trials, and detailed measures, estimates and CIs are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original tables, models, denominators and intervals for each strength measure. Null results do not establish 0 effect, equivalence or impairment of all strength outcomes.
Required materials and conditions: Strength-specific results and disagreement
Materials to obtain first: Original tables, models, denominators and intervals for each strength measure. Null results do not establish 0 effect, equivalence or impairment of all strength outcomes.
Further research: Material needed: Original tables, models, denominators and intervals for each strength measure. Null results do not establish 0 effect, equivalence or impairment of all strength outcomes. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Strength-specific results and disagreement must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Strength-specific results and disagreement with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N15 · Does acute anabolic signaling replace longer-term hypertrophy?

Current findings: Both paper titles mention anabolic signaling, but stored evidence summaries concern longer-term MRI, fiber and strength outcomes. Exact acute-marker values, times, samples and relationships to longer-term populations are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Within-report acute/longer-term distinctions, sample/timing and identity material. Titles alone do not create acute values or new trials.
Required materials and conditions: Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples
Materials to obtain first: Within-report acute/longer-term distinctions, sample/timing and identity material. Titles alone do not create acute values or new trials.
Further research: Material needed: Within-report acute/longer-term distinctions, sample/timing and identity material. Titles alone do not create acute values or new trials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Linkage of acute/longer-term outcomes and samples with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N16 · Are perceived recovery/soreness and hypertrophy the same goal?

Current findings: The original distinguishes acute recovery, soreness/perceived recovery and longer-term adaptation. Verdict 1247 identifies a different question; its material was not read in this work.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Outcome definitions, timing and cohort material for the same/different questions. Acute recovery is not transferred into hypertrophy benefit.
Required materials and conditions: Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation
Materials to obtain first: Outcome definitions, timing and cohort material for the same/different questions. Acute recovery is not transferred into hypertrophy benefit.
Further research: Material needed: Outcome definitions, timing and cohort material for the same/different questions. Acute recovery is not transferred into hypertrophy benefit. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Boundaries between acute recovery and longer-term adaptation with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N17 · Which stage does the assigned count of 24 describe?

Current findings: Roberts records 24 assigned/21 completed. Arm assignment denominators, recruitment/eligibility/exclusions and exact sequence-generation/concealment procedures are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific flowcharts, allocation/recruitment and procedures. Overall counts are not automatically assigned as arm or endpoint denominators.
Required materials and conditions: Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific flowcharts, allocation/recruitment and procedures. Overall counts are not automatically assigned as arm or endpoint denominators.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific flowcharts, allocation/recruitment and procedures. Overall counts are not automatically assigned as arm or endpoint denominators. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Recruitment/allocation flow and procedures with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N18 · Are 21 completers linked to measurement-specific denominators?

Current findings: The original lists complete-case analysis as a limitation and records 21 completers. Arm denominators, exclusions, interruptions/missingness for MRI, strength and acute analyses are separately unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm denominators, flow and exclusions in original MRI/strength tables. Completer counts do not replace every outcome's analysis denominator.
Required materials and conditions: Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators
Materials to obtain first: Arm denominators, flow and exclusions in original MRI/strength tables. Completer counts do not replace every outcome's analysis denominator.
Further research: Material needed: Arm denominators, flow and exclusions in original MRI/strength tables. Completer counts do not replace every outcome's analysis denominator. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Complete-case analysis and outcome denominators with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N19 · Were withdrawal causes kept distinct from cold-induced harm?

Current findings: Original safety wording did not attribute unrelated-injury withdrawal to cold immersion. Arm-specific withdrawal, exact causes/timing, observation loss and analysis handling are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Flowcharts, injury/withdrawal causes, timing and analysis handling. No new attrition counts/rates or causal judgment are created.
Required materials and conditions: Injury/withdrawal causes and timing
Materials to obtain first: Flowcharts, injury/withdrawal causes, timing and analysis handling. No new attrition counts/rates or causal judgment are created.
Further research: Material needed: Flowcharts, injury/withdrawal causes, timing and analysis handling. No new attrition counts/rates or causal judgment are created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Injury/withdrawal causes and timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Injury/withdrawal causes and timing with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N20 · Are 16 participants the fiber/strength denominators?

Current findings: Fyfe records 16 participants. Arm assignment/completion, fiber/strength analysis denominators and missing biopsy/measurement data and their handling are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Flow, measurement denominators, missing data and analyses. Overall sample size does not replace all endpoint denominators.
Required materials and conditions: Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators
Materials to obtain first: Flow, measurement denominators, missing data and analyses. Overall sample size does not replace all endpoint denominators.
Further research: Material needed: Flow, measurement denominators, missing data and analyses. Overall sample size does not replace all endpoint denominators. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Fyfe flow and measurement-specific denominators with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02

N21 · What do completer, assigned and actual-use analyses estimate?

Current findings: Roberts complete-case analysis is recorded. Full-assignment analysis, baseline/load/nutrition adjustment, missingness/sensitivity, actual-exposure estimates and Fyfe analysis details are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: SAPs, actual models, analysis populations and missingness/sensitivity material. No new analysis or adjustment is executed.
Required materials and conditions: Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity
Materials to obtain first: SAPs, actual models, analysis populations and missingness/sensitivity material. No new analysis or adjustment is executed.
Further research: Material needed: SAPs, actual models, analysis populations and missingness/sensitivity material. No new analysis or adjustment is executed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Analysis populations, missingness and sensitivity with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N22 · How were MRI, biopsy and strength assessed?

Current findings: MRI, fiber-area and strength measurement names are present, but measurement/derivation procedures, repetition, assessor/analyst allocation awareness, standardization and reliability are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Measurement procedures, assessor/analyst records and repetition/reliability. Measurement names alone do not certify blinding or precision.
Required materials and conditions: Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability
Materials to obtain first: Measurement procedures, assessor/analyst records and repetition/reliability. Measurement names alone do not certify blinding or precision.
Further research: Material needed: Measurement procedures, assessor/analyst records and repetition/reliability. Measurement names alone do not certify blinding or precision. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Measurement, allocation awareness and reliability with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N23 · Are contributions of nutrition products, diet and training management known?

Current findings: Roberts records in-kind nutrition products from Body Science. Actual products, intake/arm distribution, diet/nutrition, training load and observational control are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Nutrition, supplements, training/adherence and shared-management records. Product provision does not establish matched intake or a separate effect.
Required materials and conditions: Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management
Materials to obtain first: Nutrition, supplements, training/adherence and shared-management records. Product provision does not establish matched intake or a separate effect.
Further research: Material needed: Nutrition, supplements, training/adherence and shared-management records. Product provision does not establish matched intake or a separate effect. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Nutrition, load, adherence and shared management with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N24 · How does an absent registration field differ from prospective endpoint verification?

Current findings: Both original evidence summaries lack registration-identifier fields. The explanation explicitly notes unverified prospective primary hierarchy. Registration identity/content, timing relative to recruitment, changes and protocols are unverified and were not accessed.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Registration, protocols, SAPs and changes linked to the papers. An absent field does not establish no registration or prospective verification.
Required materials and conditions: Registration identity, content, timing and plans
Materials to obtain first: Registration, protocols, SAPs and changes linked to the papers. An absent field does not establish no registration or prospective verification.
Further research: Material needed: Registration, protocols, SAPs and changes linked to the papers. An absent field does not establish no registration or prospective verification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Registration identity, content, timing and plans must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Registration identity, content, timing and plans with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N25 · How are longer-term, acute and multiple outcomes in the same report linked?

Current findings: Roberts and Fyfe have separate preserved bibliographies. Multiple outcomes, acute/longer-term sample relationships and related-report overlap are unverified. Support from two small trials is original wording, not new independence certification.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Registration, recruitment dates and report/cohort/outcome identity. Multiple outcomes or both sheets are not summed as new participants or independent trials.
Required materials and conditions: Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes
Materials to obtain first: Registration, recruitment dates and report/cohort/outcome identity. Multiple outcomes or both sheets are not summed as new participants or independent trials.
Further research: Material needed: Registration, recruitment dates and report/cohort/outcome identity. Multiple outcomes or both sheets are not summed as new participants or independent trials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Overlap across reports, cohorts and outcomes with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N26 · What verification level applies to support, interests and original I1?

Current findings: Roberts records public/university support and Body Science in-kind nutrition products; Fyfe records public sport/university support. Parent mixed-support wording and I1 are historical values; detailed roles, interests, involvement/independence are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Support/interest declarations, product distribution, affiliations and investigator roles. No new absence of company-employed authors or analysis/publication involvement is established.
Required materials and conditions: Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values
Materials to obtain first: Support/interest declarations, product distribution, affiliations and investigator roles. No new absence of company-employed authors or analysis/publication involvement is established.
Further research: Material needed: Support/interest declarations, product distribution, affiliations and investigator roles. No new absence of company-employed authors or analysis/publication involvement is established. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Support, in-kind provision, company roles and historical values with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N27 · Can two supportive directions generalize to every exposure/population?

Current findings: The original note describes two small trials supporting the direction, but MRI gains and type II area differ. Active/passive controls, duration, training and exposure also differ; maximum-strength disagreement is preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Condition-specific original tables, measurements/comparisons and identity material. Different supportive directions are not calculated as one pooled effect.
Required materials and conditions: Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure
Materials to obtain first: Condition-specific original tables, measurements/comparisons and identity material. Different supportive directions are not calculated as one pooled effect.
Further research: Material needed: Condition-specific original tables, measurements/comparisons and identity material. Different supportive directions are not calculated as one pooled effect. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Directness of measures, controls, training and exposure with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N28 · What persists after exposure and under other conditions?

Current findings: Original material concerns 12 and 7 weeks of training. Post-training recovery/persistence, other temperatures/timing/frequencies and subgroup effects are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original post-training, other-exposure and subgroup data. No sustained effect beyond original durations is created.
Required materials and conditions: Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups
Materials to obtain first: Original post-training, other-exposure and subgroup data. No sustained effect beyond original durations is created.
Further research: Material needed: Original post-training, other-exposure and subgroup data. No sustained effect beyond original durations is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Post-training outcomes, other exposures and subgroups with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N29 · Do hypertrophy measures answer medical-injury or disease-safety questions?

Current findings: The original calls smaller hypertrophy gains adverse to that training goal while separately leaving medical adverse-event rates and safety across diseases unverified. MRI gains/fiber measures are not direct medical-harm data.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Separate harm/disease-population reports, exposure, events and denominators. Goal-related disadvantage is not converted into medical-harm incidence.
Required materials and conditions: Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm
Materials to obtain first: Separate harm/disease-population reports, exposure, events and denominators. Goal-related disadvantage is not converted into medical-harm incidence.
Further research: Material needed: Separate harm/disease-population reports, exposure, events and denominators. Goal-related disadvantage is not converted into medical-harm incidence. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Adverse training-goal adaptation versus medical harm with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N30 · What material was actually read here?

Current findings: The complete parent JSON was read and preserved byte for byte. Bibliographies/summaries for both reports were read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, planning and support materials remain unread. No external links/access were attempted.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Report-specific abstracts, full texts, registration/plans, original tables, support material and actual reading records. Bibliography/PMCID presence does not mean full-text reading.
Required materials and conditions: Reading scope of stored summaries and external originals
Materials to obtain first: Report-specific abstracts, full texts, registration/plans, original tables, support material and actual reading records. Bibliography/PMCID presence does not mean full-text reading.
Further research: Material needed: Report-specific abstracts, full texts, registration/plans, original tables, support material and actual reading records. Bibliography/PMCID presence does not mean full-text reading. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Reading scope of stored summaries and external originals must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Stored summaries versus external originals with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N31 · Are historical verification and current production/review distinct?

Current findings: The original evidence date is 2026-09-07, the correction array is empty and the deliberation note an empty string. Parent historical verification of longer-term trials, MRI, strength and funding does not establish completed content review in this work.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Complete actual correction/evidence-update records. Original dates are not production/review dates and do not certify no external corrections.
Required materials and conditions: Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks
Materials to obtain first: Complete actual correction/evidence-update records. Original dates are not production/review dates and do not certify no external corrections.
Further research: Material needed: Complete actual correction/evidence-update records. Original dates are not production/review dates and do not certify no external corrections. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original evidence date, corrections and historical checks with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N32 · Were gain/loss boundaries in both original languages preserved?

Current findings: The selected English claim concerns attenuated hypertrophy gains with repeated cold immersion. The parent distinguishes less muscle gain from muscle loss and limits the strength claim. Detailed translation checks against external papers were not performed.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Complete needed original reports, translations and corrections. Original bilingual distinctions do not create new verification or broader claims.
Required materials and conditions: Correspondence of original languages and scope
Materials to obtain first: Complete needed original reports, translations and corrections. Original bilingual distinctions do not create new verification or broader claims.
Further research: Material needed: Complete needed original reports, translations and corrections. Original bilingual distinctions do not create new verification or broader claims. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Correspondence of original languages and scope must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Correspondence of original languages and scope with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N33 · How are parent axes and absent subclaim values retained?

Current findings: Parent axes are B/S/R1/I1/E-/B2/CX, with derived grade D. Four false flags and empty override reasons are also original values. Separate selected-subclaim score, status and axes are absent.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Actual axis/subclaim-record correction material. Parent axes/scores do not fill absent subclaim values.
Required materials and conditions: Original axes and selected-field boundaries
Materials to obtain first: Actual axis/subclaim-record correction material. Parent axes/scores do not fill absent subclaim values.
Further research: Material needed: Actual axis/subclaim-record correction material. Parent axes/scores do not fill absent subclaim values. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original axes and selected-field boundaries must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original axes and selected-field boundaries with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources

N34 · Which medical adverse events were collected?

Current findings: Original safety is Caution and medical adverse-event rates are explicitly unverified. Actual harm definitions, collection/assessors and original event tables are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Harm definitions, collection and withdrawal/event tables. Caution does not establish actual incidence, no harm or safety certification.
Required materials and conditions: Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events
Materials to obtain first: Harm definitions, collection and withdrawal/event tables. Caution does not establish actual incidence, no harm or safety certification.
Further research: Material needed: Harm definitions, collection and withdrawal/event tables. Caution does not establish actual incidence, no harm or safety certification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Harm definitions, collection, assessment and original events with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N35 · How do exposure, injury, interruption and follow-up times differ?

Current findings: The 12-/7-week training exposure durations are preserved. Actual harm timing, recovery/interruption, post-training follow-up and temporal order of injuries are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exposure, event, interruption and later timelines. Training duration is not substituted for harm follow-up duration.
Required materials and conditions: Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time
Materials to obtain first: Exposure, event, interruption and later timelines. Training duration is not substituted for harm follow-up duration.
Further research: Material needed: Exposure, event, interruption and later timelines. Training duration is not substituted for harm follow-up duration. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Exposure duration versus event/follow-up time with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N36 · Were harms compared equally with active/passive controls?

Current findings: Active recovery and passive rest controls are preserved. Matched harm collection, observation periods and original direct medical-risk comparisons by arm are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Arm-specific harm collection, periods and withdrawal/event tables. A control arm alone does not establish matched collection or a direct risk comparison.
Required materials and conditions: Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison
Materials to obtain first: Arm-specific harm collection, periods and withdrawal/event tables. A control arm alone does not establish matched collection or a direct risk comparison.
Further research: Material needed: Arm-specific harm collection, periods and withdrawal/event tables. A control arm alone does not establish matched collection or a direct risk comparison. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm-specific harm collection, duration and direct comparison with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N37 · What are harm event counts and exposure/observation denominators?

Current findings: Preserve original 24 assigned/21 completed and the separate 16 participants. Medical-harm event counts, exposure/observation denominators and arm-specific interruptions are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original harm tables, actual exposure/observation flow and interruptions. Trial counts do not establish harm denominators or 0 events.
Required materials and conditions: Original medical-harm events and denominators
Materials to obtain first: Original harm tables, actual exposure/observation flow and interruptions. Trial counts do not establish harm denominators or 0 events.
Further research: Material needed: Original harm tables, actual exposure/observation flow and interruptions. Trial counts do not establish harm denominators or 0 events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original medical-harm events and denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original medical-harm events and denominators with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N38 · Are injury, training load, nutrition and exposure causality distinguished?

Current findings: The original did not attribute unrelated-injury withdrawal to cold exposure. Detailed training load, nutrition, baseline disease and injury/exposure timing and causal assessment are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Injury timing, training/nutrition, baseline risks and causal-assessment records. No new medical causality is established.
Required materials and conditions: Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment
Materials to obtain first: Injury timing, training/nutrition, baseline risks and causal-assessment records. No new medical causality is established.
Further research: Material needed: Injury timing, training/nutrition, baseline risks and causal-assessment records. No new medical causality is established. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Baseline risk, accompanying management and causal assessment with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N39 · Are interruptions/withdrawals linked to missing harm data?

Current findings: Complete-case analysis and original unrelated-injury withdrawal wording are present. Arm-specific interruptions, lost harm collection, selective reporting and subsequent follow-up are unverified.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Interruption/withdrawal reasons, harm records, follow-up and published tables. Missing data do not establish no harm.
Required materials and conditions: Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up
Materials to obtain first: Interruption/withdrawal reasons, harm records, follow-up and published tables. Missing data do not establish no harm.
Further research: Material needed: Interruption/withdrawal reasons, harm records, follow-up and published tables. Missing data do not establish no harm. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Interruption, data loss, selective reporting and follow-up with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N40 · What independent, disease-population or later harm material is available?

Current findings: The original separately leaves safety across diseases unverified. Independent medical-harm, vulnerable-population and post-training event material for the same exposure is unverified in the current preserved scope.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Related harm/disease-population, exposure/collection/denominator and later material. No safety or risk certification beyond the original scope is created.
Required materials and conditions: Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations
Materials to obtain first: Related harm/disease-population, exposure/collection/denominator and later material. No safety or risk certification beyond the original scope is created.
Further research: Material needed: Related harm/disease-population, exposure/collection/denominator and later material. No safety or risk certification beyond the original scope is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Direct medical-harm evidence and other populations with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02

N41 · Are conditions, method copies, application and review separate?

Current findings: The 5 method HTML snapshots, family conditions and quality contract are linked as preserved copies. Condition saving/freezing and separate application are distinct; content/model/boundary review is not marked complete.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Complete new reports, registration, corrections and original tables, plus full prior originals, condition versions, application and review records. Material additions, condition revisions and verdict changes remain separate events.
Required materials and conditions: Condition freezing, observations and change records
Materials to obtain first: Complete new reports, registration, corrections and original tables, plus full prior originals, condition versions, application and review records. Material additions, condition revisions and verdict changes remain separate events.
Further research: Material needed: Complete new reports, registration, corrections and original tables, plus full prior originals, condition versions, application and review records. Material additions, condition revisions and verdict changes remain separate events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Condition freezing, observations and change records must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Condition freezing, observations and change records with hypertrophy gains under repeated cold immersion, MRI/fiber/strength/acute outcomes, exposure, training, controls, nutrition, assigned/completer/measurement denominators, support and medical harms.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected subclaim D and the original note that two small trials supported an adverse E- direction. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent grade D with 28 points/Caution. Preserve original gain differences, signs, P values and d without turning them into muscle loss or impairment of every strength outcome. Create no new effects, CIs, attrition counts/rates, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or cold-water, exercise, recovery or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources