Two-year balance training × reduced moderate-plus-serious injurious falls in women aged 75–85 with impaired balance: an evidence checklist

Required evidence, verification status and materials actually read
Item	AVerification status	BReading scope	CReview item	DCurrent findings	EWhy unverified	FRequired materials and conditions	GFurther research
1	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N01 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhich injurious-fall question and original assessment are preserved?Required	The selected claim is reduced moderate-plus-serious injurious falls, with subclaim grade B and a note of HR.81/P=.04. Parent B76 and its axes provide the parent context; serious-only grade D addresses a separate question. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. The subclaim has no score, status or axis values; parent values are not used to fill them. The original content review remains incomplete.	Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D	Update the question, assessment record and assessment context separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
2	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N02 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWho was studied and how were community participants recruited?Required	The original Ossébo population was 706 community-dwelling women aged 75–85 with impaired balance or gait. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Tests and thresholds for impairment, baseline falls and function, eligibility and exclusions, illnesses, preceding treatment and recruitment procedures are unverified. The findings are not extended to all older adults, men or institutional populations. The original content review remains incomplete.	Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk	Retain the differences between the studied population and other groups. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
3	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N03 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat was the two-year intervention and actual exposure?Required	The historical research program combined weekly supervised group balance training and home exercise over two years. It is not presented as an exercise program, movement instruction or prescription. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Detailed components, intensity, home exposure, actual attendance and adherence, discontinuation and changes are unverified. The separate effect of each component is not established. The original content review remains incomplete.	Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes	Distinguish the planned program from actual exposure. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
4	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N04 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat were the control, shared and concomitant measures?Required	The original text records a comparison of 352 exercise participants and 354 controls. S01	The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Exact control care and information, shared or group-specific medication, exercise, environmental adjustments, rescue measures and changes are unverified. The control is not arbitrarily named no intervention or placebo. The original content review remains incomplete.	Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures	Distinguish the program contribution from accompanying differences. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
5	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N05 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat was the 20-center randomized design and allocation?Required	The original 20-center, two-year RCT and 706 participants allocated 352/354 are preserved. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Allocation unit, sequence and concealment, center-specific allocation and baseline balance, and parallel or other operational details are unverified. Twenty centers are not automatically treated as 20 randomized clusters. The original content review remains incomplete.	Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance	Record the roles of centers and people within the source scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
6	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N06 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialHow were moderate-plus-serious injurious events defined?Required	The original text states that geriatricians unaware of allocation classified events using physical-harm and healthcare-use criteria. The selected outcome combines moderate and serious injurious falls. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Thresholds and components for each severity category, overlap or reclassification of the same fall, number and agreement of adjudicators and medical-record confirmation are unverified. The original content review remains incomplete.	Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap	Define combined injuries, serious-only injuries and all falls separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
7	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N07 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat is known about fall collection, blinded adjudication and omissions?Required	The original statement that injury adjudicators were unaware of allocation is preserved. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Fall collection frequency and methods, participant and collector blinding, missing or differential reports and the full scope of adjudication materials are unverified. Blinded adjudication is not treated as proof that all collection bias was absent. The original content review remains incomplete.	Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods	Separate actual verification at the reporting and adjudication stages. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
8	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N08 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialAre 305/397 counts of people or fall events?Required	The original exercise/control event counts of 305 versus 397 moderate-plus-serious injurious falls are preserved. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Unique people who fell, repeated and first-event distributions, and observation and analysis denominators are unverified. Event counts are not converted to people or response rates, and totals or occurrence proportions are not calculated. The original content review remains incomplete.	Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators	Link randomized people, fall events and repetition separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
9	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N09 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat are the woman-year rates and follow-up duration?Required	The original rates of 0.45 versus 0.56 events per woman-year and two-year follow-up are preserved. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Actual woman-years by group, attrition, deaths, discontinuation, censoring, missing data and denominator construction are unverified. Denominators or new rates are not calculated as 352/354 multiplied by two years. The original content review remains incomplete.	Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring	Distinguish nominal two-year follow-up from actual person-time. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
10	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N10 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhich model produced the shared-frailty HR, interval and P value?Required	The original text records a center-adjusted shared-frailty HR.81, 95% CI.67~.99 and P=.04. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Time and repeated events, censoring, frailty and covariates, actual denominators by group and detailed modeling are unverified. A simple ratio of the original rates or a newly calculated percentage reduction does not replace the HR. The original content review remains incomplete.	Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value	Retain event counts, rates, HR and analysis definitions separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
11	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N11 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat are the observed interval and criteria for an important difference?Required	The combined-injury HR.81/CI.67~.99/P=.04 and original grade B are preserved. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Clinically important injury-rate or HR thresholds, sample-size assumptions and the basis for interpreting the interval are unverified. Significance alone does not establish every important benefit or personal prevention effect. The original content review remains incomplete.	Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions	Separate sources for the interval and prior criteria. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
12	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N12 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat was the primary-outcome amendment during recruitment?Required	The original text says that logistical and recruitment delays led to a reduction from the target of 1,000 per arm and a primary-outcome change about eight months after recruitment began. Korean says first serious fall; English says serious falls. The amended outcome combined moderate and serious injuries. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. The exact first-event and repeated-event definitions, revised target, prior versions and original amendment decision are unverified. Targets and original times are not newly totaled or established. The original content review remains incomplete.	Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons	Distinguish the amendment event from the hierarchy of actual results. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
13	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N13 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialHow are data-driven amendment and limits to prespecification preserved?Required	The original text records that the amendment was not reported as data-driven, while prespecification had limitations. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Actual interim-data access, decisions and approval, original plans and amendment reports have not been read. Neither data-driven amendment nor complete prespecification is newly established. The original content review remains incomplete.	Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans	Separate reported amendment reasons from what was actually verified. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
14	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N14 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat are the randomized, completed and endpoint-specific analysis denominators and missing data?Required	The original inclusion/allocation counts of 706 participants (352/354) and two-year follow-up wording are preserved. S01	The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Numbers completing follow-up or analyzed, missing data, attrition and deaths by group, observation time for each injury endpoint and handling are unverified. The counts are not automatically treated as complete two-year follow-up for everyone or as safety denominators. The original content review remains incomplete.	706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling	Distinguish allocation from actual observation and analysis. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
15	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N15 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat is known about ITT, adherence effects and supplementary or sensitivity analyses?Required	Only the original description of a center-adjusted model is available. S01	The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. ITT/PP, adherence and component-specific home-exercise effects, missing-data and model sensitivity analyses and prespecified subgroups are unverified. Unnamed analyses or independent component effects are not filled in. The original content review remains incomplete.	Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses	Record the difference between assignment to the program and actual participation effects. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
16	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N16 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialIs the serious-injury-only result preserved alongside the combined result?Required	The original serious-only result was 68 versus 87 events, HR.83/CI.60~1.16, and was not significant. Its subclaim grade D and note are preserved separately. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. The serious-only P value, importance threshold, denominator and analysis details are unverified. The positive combined result is not changed into serious-only confirmation or reassessed as an exactly zero effect or equivalence. The original content review remains incomplete.	Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy	Display other severity outcomes from the same trial together. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
17	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N17 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialDo all falls and other secondary functional outcomes directly answer this question?Required	The current original evidence contains values for combined moderate-plus-serious injury rates and serious-only injuries. S01	The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Values and hierarchy for all falls, individual fractures, balance or gait, quality of life and death are unverified in this summary. The same values are not repurposed for other outcomes. The original content review remains incomplete.	Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators	Separate fewer injuries from other events and functional outcomes. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
18	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N18 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWere registration and the original and amended plans actually read?Required	The original registration identifier NCT00545350 and narrative of the recruitment-stage amendment are linked. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. External registration, original and amended protocols and SAP have not been read or accessed. An identifier or the original narrative is not treated as completed plan comparison. The original content review remains incomplete.	NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history	If materials are supplied, distinguish amendments to definitions, timing and analyses. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
19	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N19 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat is the scope of public support and declared non-involvement?Required	The original account of support from five public bodies and no funder involvement in design, collection, analysis or publication decisions is preserved. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Items and amounts, contracts, actual roles and comparison of individual agencies' roles are unverified. Public support or declarations are not treated as verification of every aspect of independence. The original content review remains incomplete.	AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles	Separate funders, declared and actual roles and the scope of verification. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
20	Unverified	Full text not readStored summary read	N20 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialAre product support, employee authors, COI and analysis or writing support known?Required	Only accounts of public support and non-involvement are preserved. S01	The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Free product or equipment provision, author employment and patents, individual COI and analysis, writing or publication support are unverified. These relationships are not filled in as absent. The original content review remains incomplete.	Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services	Update each relationship separately from the support already recorded. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
21	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N21 · Harm-information gaps supplementing the efficacy tableWhat do the five exercise-related injurious falls record?Supplementary	The original text records five exercise-related injurious falls. This is a reported event count. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Unique people, event timing, supervised and home exposure, severity, denominators, collection and discontinuation are unverified. New rates or between-group harms are not calculated from 352 participants or two years. The original content review remains incomplete.	Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection	Distinguish prevention-related injury endpoints from program-related harms. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
22	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N22 · Harm-information gaps supplementing the efficacy tableWhat can be said about relatedness and overall safety?Supplementary	The original exercise-related wording and five events are preserved; the parent's Caution safety label is historical. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Relatedness assessment, baseline and concomitant factors, alternatives and comparative, long-term or rare events are unverified. No safety certification or new movement, supervision or environmental prescription is created. The original content review remains incomplete.	Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups	Separate original events from gaps in causality and safety scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
23	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N23 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialAre links to other exercise assessments new independent replication?Required	The stored 1812 and Otago 1834 A86 links are historical comparisons in the same direction. The current evidence and citation lists contain one Ossébo report. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Related assessments, trials, populations, durations and independence were not looked up. Links are not combined as new reports or direct replication of the same program. The original content review remains incomplete.	Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs	Separate comparison links from the evidence status of the current trial. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
24	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N24 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialHow are the same people, severities, events and times shared?Required	The two selected sheets share the same Ossébo/NCT00545350 trial, 706 participants and one report. Combined and serious-only events, people and woman-years are different outcomes or units. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. External comparison of related or follow-up reports and event duplication was not performed. The original single pivotal trial and R1/I2 are not backdated as new independence certification; participants or events are not added together. The original content review remains incomplete.	Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial	Distinguish unrecorded unique clinical totals from report and material slots. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
25	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N25 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialAre findings extended to other populations, exercises, durations or outcomes?Required	The original text limits the finding to reduced moderate-plus-serious combined rates in this high-risk group of women, without claiming reduction in every serious fall. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Direct evidence for other ages, sexes, institutions, other exercises, isolated components, persistence after cessation or beyond two years is unverified. Exercise prescriptions or movement instructions are not created. The original content review remains incomplete.	High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence	Separate the narrow selected effect from extension questions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
26	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N26 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat history is preserved in parent values, Korean and English wording, dates and empty correction records?Required	B76, Caution safety, unrecorded precision, a true large hard-outcome RCT flag, other false flags, empty override reasons, Korean and English texts, 2026-08-26, empty correction and deliberation records and historical cross-check wording are preserved in the complete stored summary. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Parent values do not fill subclaim scores or axes. This is not a new current search, original-text or language review, correction or retraction check or clinical certification. The original content review remains incomplete.	B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording	Distinguish the original record from production and amendment events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
27	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N27 · Efficacy comparison and presentation of stored materialWhat summary and external materials were actually read?Required	The complete stored summary, one evidence entry and one citation were read for production, and the original BMJ link was retained. The summary is marked summary read; external materials are marked not read. S01	Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. External abstract and full text, registration, protocols, SAP and disclosures have not been read or accessed. Identifiers, bibliography or historical accounts are not treated as full-text reading or completed review. The original content review remains incomplete.	One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures	Distinguish existence, acquisition, reading level and access history. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.

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27 itemsWhat the statuses mean

Assessment scope

Stored-material review date: Not recorded
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-08-26
Scope actually checked: Existing review summaries and stored records of methodological application. Full papers, supplements, registrations, plans and original data were not read.
What the dates mean: This is the date the stored materials were checked, not the date of a new search of the clinical literature.
Population: 706 community-dwelling women aged 75–85 with impaired balance or gait; detailed selection and baseline characteristics unverified
Ingredient, formulation and route: Original two-year program of weekly supervised group balance training plus home exercise; actual adherence and exposure unverified
Dose: Not recorded
Comparator: 352 exercise participants versus 354 controls; detailed control care and shared treatment unverified
Measured outcome: Moderate-plus-serious injurious-fall rate; original events 305/397; shared-frailty HR.81
Duration: Nominal two-year follow-up; primary outcome amended about eight months after recruitment began; actual observation time unverified
Questions outside this scope: Repurposing the positive combined moderate-plus-serious finding as a serious-only, all-fall, individual-fracture, functional or mortality effect; Changing the serious-only CI containing 1 or original grade D into an exactly zero effect, equivalence, exclusion of every important benefit or a new grade; Turning 305/397 or 68/87 events into unique people or response rates, or subtracting from the combined result to calculate a new moderate-only effect; Replacing actual endpoint-specific completion, analysis, woman-year or safety denominators with 706 participants, 352/354 allocation and nominal two years, or calculating new rates, losses or event totals; Automatically applying the combined shared-frailty and center-adjusted model, P=.04 or .45/.56 rates to serious-only models, tests or denominators; Calculating a simple rate ratio, new percentage reduction or absolute risk from the HR, or creating CI, P values or hypothetical numbers absent from the original; Changing the approximate eight-month recruitment timing, original target of 1,000 per arm or Korean first serious fall versus English serious falls into a new actual sample total or established first-event model without comparing amendment plans; Treating absence of a report of data-driven amendment as proof of no interim-data access, complete prespecification or confirmed data-driven amendment; Using five exercise-related events as a full safety denominator, significant harm, causality or serious-injury effect, or creating movement, supervision or environmental prescriptions; Adding Tai ji quan 1812 or Otago 1834 assessment links as new direct trials or replication of the identical program; Adding the same trial or report, people, groups, times, severities, repeated events or related sheets into new independent-trial, participant or event totals; Changing original public support, non-involvement, R1/I2 or unverified product support and COI into new verification of independence, absence of relationships or methodological certification; Inheriting parent B76, original axes or historical cross-checks as selected B/D scores or axes, or as new content review or external reading; Generalizing to other sexes, ages, settings, exercises or isolated components, beyond two years or after cessation, or providing exercise programs, movement instructions, prescriptions or treatment guidance

Evidence and sources

The links below lead to the sources. A link alone does not mean the original source was read or its latest publication status verified.

S01 · El-Khoury F et al. 2015 Ossébo

Official source

Material type: Two-year 20-center randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: The original combined result of 305 versus 397 events, HR.81 (95% CI.67~.99), P=.04, rates of .45 versus .56 per woman-year and center-adjusted shared-frailty wording are preserved. Events are not converted to people, nor rates to a simple ratio or new percentage reduction. Serious-only 68/87 events and HR.83/CI.60~1.16 provide separate context; no new denominator, difference or interval is calculated.
Record level: Outcome wording in the stored summary
Study overlap and independent replication: S01, El-Khoury 2015 Ossébo/NCT00545350, is a report of the same 20-center RCT of two-year supervised group plus home exercise in 706 community-dwelling women aged 75–85 with impaired balance or gait, allocated 352/354. The two selected sheets share people, groups, times, bibliography, injury severity, repeated events and woman-year context. Combined 305/397 events, serious-only 68/87 events and original rates and HR use distinct endpoints and units. The recruitment-stage primary-outcome amendment and gaps in actual denominators, censoring, modeling, five safety events, public support and COI are retained separately; no new independent-trial, participant or event total is created. Report and material slots are not unique clinical-trial, participant or independent-replication totals; unique clinical totals remain unrecorded. Tai ji quan 1812 and Otago 1834 assessment links are not combined as new reports or direct replication.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored summary	Stored file	Stored summary	Summary read	Only the stored JSON summary and bibliography were used for production. This does not constitute external verification or completed content review.
External paper	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Registration material	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Protocol	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Statistical analysis plan	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.
Funding, product-support and COI material	Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status.

Report counts versus independent study counts

S01, El-Khoury 2015 Ossébo/NCT00545350, is a report of the same 20-center RCT of two-year supervised group plus home exercise in 706 community-dwelling women aged 75–85 with impaired balance or gait, allocated 352/354. The two selected sheets share people, groups, times, bibliography, injury severity, repeated events and woman-year context. Combined 305/397 events, serious-only 68/87 events and original rates and HR use distinct endpoints and units. The recruitment-stage primary-outcome amendment and gaps in actual denominators, censoring, modeling, five safety events, public support and COI are retained separately; no new independent-trial, participant or event total is created. Report and material slots are not unique clinical-trial, participant or independent-replication totals; unique clinical totals remain unrecorded. Tai ji quan 1812 and Otago 1834 assessment links are not combined as new reports or direct replication.

Review criteria

Version 1.0 · Criteria record date 2026-10-06. These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the referenced methods. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

N01 · Which injurious-fall question and original assessment are preserved?

Required materials and conditions: Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

N02 · Who was studied and how were community participants recruited?

Required materials and conditions: Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are Chamgap's own design

N03 · What was the two-year intervention and actual exposure?

Required materials and conditions: Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application

N04 · What were the control, shared and concomitant measures?

Required materials and conditions: Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application

N05 · What was the 20-center randomized design and allocation?

Required materials and conditions: Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.1–8.2.3; own application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptation is our own design

N06 · How were moderate-plus-serious injurious events defined?

Required materials and conditions: Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are our own design; M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; our own application

N07 · What is known about fall collection, blinded adjudication and omissions?

Required materials and conditions: Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are Chamgap's own design

N08 · Are 305/397 counts of people or fall events?

Required materials and conditions: Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design

N09 · What are the woman-year rates and follow-up duration?

Required materials and conditions: Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

N10 · Which model produced the shared-frailty HR, interval and P value?

Required materials and conditions: Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are Chamgap's own design

N11 · What are the observed interval and criteria for an important difference?

Required materials and conditions: Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; internal application

N12 · What was the primary-outcome amendment during recruitment?

Required materials and conditions: Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits to this material conversion reflect the review scope and Chamgap's own design

N13 · How are data-driven amendment and limits to prespecification preserved?

Required materials and conditions: Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; separation of statuses is Chamgap's own design

N14 · What are the randomized, completed and endpoint-specific analysis denominators and missing data?

Required materials and conditions: 706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for 706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates 706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

N15 · What is known about ITT, adherence effects and supplementary or sensitivity analyses?

Required materials and conditions: Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; our own application; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; our own application

N16 · Is the serious-injury-only result preserved alongside the combined result?

Required materials and conditions: Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; separation of statuses is Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap application

N17 · Do all falls and other secondary functional outcomes directly answer this question?

Required materials and conditions: Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap extension boundaries; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application

N18 · Were registration and the original and amended plans actually read?

Required materials and conditions: NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design

N19 · What is the scope of public support and declared non-involvement?

Required materials and conditions: AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items.

N20 · Are product support, employee authors, COI and analysis or writing support known?

Required materials and conditions: Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items.

N21 · What do the five exercise-related injurious falls record?

Required materials and conditions: Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary
Application exceptions: Supplements gaps in safety materials for the selected subclaim. Fall-prevention effects, injury counts or the parent safety wording do not establish safety, and no new harm rate, exercise program, movement instruction or prescription is created.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; detailed distinctions are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.2 design-specific harm questions; timing details are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application

N22 · What can be said about relatedness and overall safety?

Required materials and conditions: Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary
Application exceptions: Supplements gaps in safety materials for the selected subclaim. Fall-prevention effects, injury counts or the parent safety wording do not establish safety, and no new harm rate, exercise program, movement instruction or prescription is created.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4, M03 §3.2.3; Chamgap application; M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4 design considerations; detailed confounding records are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; Chamgap interpretive boundaries draw on M19 principles, without executing an official causality tool

N23 · Are links to other exercise assessments new independent replication?

Required materials and conditions: Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 distinction between studies and reports; cohort and outcome linkage is Chamgap's own application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design

N24 · How are the same people, severities, events and times shared?

Required materials and conditions: Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: Study/report distinction in M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2; Cohort/outcome linkage is Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

N25 · Are findings extended to other populations, exercises, durations or outcomes?

Required materials and conditions: High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence and effect-modification details are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap extension boundaries

N26 · What history is preserved in parent values, Korean and English wording, dates and empty correction records?

Required materials and conditions: B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits reflect review scope and our own design; M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; status distinctions are our own design

N27 · What summary and external materials were actually read?

Required materials and conditions: One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 material collection/selection principles; acquisition/reading separation and hyperlink specifications are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

Referenced methods and the sections actually reviewed

M03 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13

Referenced principle: Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M04 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03

Official methodology · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42

Referenced principle: Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M08 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a

Referenced principle: Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M15 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3

Referenced principle: Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

M19 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4

Referenced principle: Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.
Extent of review: Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution

What the statuses mean

Met: Status for necessary evidence confirmed after existing content review. No completion is declared in the current presentation.
Partly verified: Some information in the stored summary is linked into the table. External comparison/content review is not complete.
Unverified: The article leaves this unverified, or required material is absent from the current stored summary. This is distinct from zero, absence or safety.
Review incomplete: Existing content review remains incomplete.
Not reported: Not reported within the stored material actually read; not extended to the entire primary paper.
Inaccessible: Means an actual access failure. Access not attempted here is not assigned this state.
Not applicable: Not used as a substitute for an evidence gap.
Conflicting data: Requires an observed disagreement under the same comparison criteria; not automatically judged in this production.
Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Marks a gap in additional material required by the selected conditions; not a new efficacy grade.

Change history

2026-10-11 · Public page/material version 1.0

Public pages and materials were prepared from the existing 27 items. No new clinical search, verification-status change or scoring was performed.

The stored-material review date (Not recorded) and original evidence cut-off (2026-08-26) were retained unchanged.

Researcher downloads

These materials provide the same evidence, scope and verification status as this page.

View all item details

N01 · Which injurious-fall question and original assessment are preserved?

Current findings: The selected claim is reduced moderate-plus-serious injurious falls, with subclaim grade B and a note of HR.81/P=.04. Parent B76 and its axes provide the parent context; serious-only grade D addresses a separate question.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. The subclaim has no score, status or axis values; parent values are not used to fill them. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: The subclaim has no score, status or axis values; parent values are not used to fill them.
Required materials and conditions: Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D
Materials to obtain first: Correction records for the selected claim and parent assessment
Further research: Update the question, assessment record and assessment context separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Separate the selected grade B and note, parent B76 and serious-only grade D to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

Related sources S01

N02 · Who was studied and how were community participants recruited?

Current findings: The original Ossébo population was 706 community-dwelling women aged 75–85 with impaired balance or gait.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Tests and thresholds for impairment, baseline falls and function, eligibility and exclusions, illnesses, preceding treatment and recruitment procedures are unverified. The findings are not extended to all older adults, men or institutional populations. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Tests and thresholds for impairment, baseline falls and function, eligibility and exclusions, illnesses, preceding treatment and recruitment procedures are unverified. The findings are not extended to all older adults, men or institutional populations.
Required materials and conditions: Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk
Materials to obtain first: Recruitment and eligibility records, baseline function and risk tables
Further research: Retain the differences between the studied population and other groups. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Women aged 75–85, impaired balance or gait, recruitment, exclusions and baseline risk to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are Chamgap's own design

Related sources S01

N03 · What was the two-year intervention and actual exposure?

Current findings: The historical research program combined weekly supervised group balance training and home exercise over two years. It is not presented as an exercise program, movement instruction or prescription.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Detailed components, intensity, home exposure, actual attendance and adherence, discontinuation and changes are unverified. The separate effect of each component is not established. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Detailed components, intensity, home exposure, actual attendance and adherence, discontinuation and changes are unverified. The separate effect of each component is not established.
Required materials and conditions: Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes
Materials to obtain first: Intervention plans and records of actual exposure, adherence and changes
Further research: Distinguish the planned program from actual exposure. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Supervised group sessions, home exercise, duration, actual adherence and changes to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application

Related sources S01

N04 · What were the control, shared and concomitant measures?

Current findings: The original text records a comparison of 352 exercise participants and 354 controls.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Exact control care and information, shared or group-specific medication, exercise, environmental adjustments, rescue measures and changes are unverified. The control is not arbitrarily named no intervention or placebo. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Exact control care and information, shared or group-specific medication, exercise, environmental adjustments, rescue measures and changes are unverified. The control is not arbitrarily named no intervention or placebo.
Required materials and conditions: Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures
Materials to obtain first: Group-specific control, concomitant measures and change records
Further research: Distinguish the program contribution from accompanying differences. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Control services, other exercise or treatment, environmental changes and rescue measures to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application

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N05 · What was the 20-center randomized design and allocation?

Current findings: The original 20-center, two-year RCT and 706 participants allocated 352/354 are preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Allocation unit, sequence and concealment, center-specific allocation and baseline balance, and parallel or other operational details are unverified. Twenty centers are not automatically treated as 20 randomized clusters. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Allocation unit, sequence and concealment, center-specific allocation and baseline balance, and parallel or other operational details are unverified. Twenty centers are not automatically treated as 20 randomized clusters.
Required materials and conditions: Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance
Materials to obtain first: Methods, allocation, center and baseline tables
Further research: Record the roles of centers and people within the source scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Centers, allocation unit and method, concealment and baseline balance to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.1–8.2.3; own application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptation is our own design

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N06 · How were moderate-plus-serious injurious events defined?

Current findings: The original text states that geriatricians unaware of allocation classified events using physical-harm and healthcare-use criteria. The selected outcome combines moderate and serious injurious falls.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Thresholds and components for each severity category, overlap or reclassification of the same fall, number and agreement of adjudicators and medical-record confirmation are unverified. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Thresholds and components for each severity category, overlap or reclassification of the same fall, number and agreement of adjudicators and medical-record confirmation are unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap
Materials to obtain first: Injury classification criteria, adjudication records and outcome tables
Further research: Define combined injuries, serious-only injuries and all falls separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Physical harm, healthcare use, moderate and serious criteria and overlap to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are our own design; M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; our own application

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N07 · What is known about fall collection, blinded adjudication and omissions?

Current findings: The original statement that injury adjudicators were unaware of allocation is preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Fall collection frequency and methods, participant and collector blinding, missing or differential reports and the full scope of adjudication materials are unverified. Blinded adjudication is not treated as proof that all collection bias was absent. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Fall collection frequency and methods, participant and collector blinding, missing or differential reports and the full scope of adjudication materials are unverified. Blinded adjudication is not treated as proof that all collection bias was absent.
Required materials and conditions: Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods
Materials to obtain first: Collection, confirmation, blinding and omission procedures
Further research: Separate actual verification at the reporting and adjudication stages. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Event reporting, confirmation, blinding, detection and follow-up methods to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are Chamgap's own design

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N08 · Are 305/397 counts of people or fall events?

Current findings: The original exercise/control event counts of 305 versus 397 moderate-plus-serious injurious falls are preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Unique people who fell, repeated and first-event distributions, and observation and analysis denominators are unverified. Event counts are not converted to people or response rates, and totals or occurrence proportions are not calculated. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Unique people who fell, repeated and first-event distributions, and observation and analysis denominators are unverified. Event counts are not converted to people or response rates, and totals or occurrence proportions are not calculated.
Required materials and conditions: Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators
Materials to obtain first: Results and flow diagrams separating people, events and repeated events
Further research: Link randomized people, fall events and repetition separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Separate events, people, repeated events and group-specific denominators to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design

Related sources S01

N09 · What are the woman-year rates and follow-up duration?

Current findings: The original rates of 0.45 versus 0.56 events per woman-year and two-year follow-up are preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Actual woman-years by group, attrition, deaths, discontinuation, censoring, missing data and denominator construction are unverified. Denominators or new rates are not calculated as 352/354 multiplied by two years. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Actual woman-years by group, attrition, deaths, discontinuation, censoring, missing data and denominator construction are unverified. Denominators or new rates are not calculated as 352/354 multiplied by two years.
Required materials and conditions: Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring
Materials to obtain first: Actual observation time, censoring and attrition records and rate tables
Further research: Distinguish nominal two-year follow-up from actual person-time. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Original rates, woman-years, actual observation time and censoring to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

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N10 · Which model produced the shared-frailty HR, interval and P value?

Current findings: The original text records a center-adjusted shared-frailty HR.81, 95% CI.67~.99 and P=.04.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Time and repeated events, censoring, frailty and covariates, actual denominators by group and detailed modeling are unverified. A simple ratio of the original rates or a newly calculated percentage reduction does not replace the HR. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Time and repeated events, censoring, frailty and covariates, actual denominators by group and detailed modeling are unverified. A simple ratio of the original rates or a newly calculated percentage reduction does not replace the HR.
Required materials and conditions: Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value
Materials to obtain first: Original model, SAP and outcome tables
Further research: Retain event counts, rates, HR and analysis definitions separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Center adjustment, repeated-event and time handling, original HR, CI and P value to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are Chamgap's own design

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N11 · What are the observed interval and criteria for an important difference?

Current findings: The combined-injury HR.81/CI.67~.99/P=.04 and original grade B are preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Clinically important injury-rate or HR thresholds, sample-size assumptions and the basis for interpreting the interval are unverified. Significance alone does not establish every important benefit or personal prevention effect. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Clinically important injury-rate or HR thresholds, sample-size assumptions and the basis for interpreting the interval are unverified. Significance alone does not establish every important benefit or personal prevention effect.
Required materials and conditions: Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions
Materials to obtain first: Importance and sample-size rationale and original analysis
Further research: Separate sources for the interval and prior criteria. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Original interval, effect magnitude, importance and prior assumptions to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; internal application

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N12 · What was the primary-outcome amendment during recruitment?

Current findings: The original text says that logistical and recruitment delays led to a reduction from the target of 1,000 per arm and a primary-outcome change about eight months after recruitment began. Korean says first serious fall; English says serious falls. The amended outcome combined moderate and serious injuries.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. The exact first-event and repeated-event definitions, revised target, prior versions and original amendment decision are unverified. Targets and original times are not newly totaled or established. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: The exact first-event and repeated-event definitions, revised target, prior versions and original amendment decision are unverified. Targets and original times are not newly totaled or established.
Required materials and conditions: Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons
Materials to obtain first: Original and amended protocols, amendment history and sample-size plans
Further research: Distinguish the amendment event from the hierarchy of actual results. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Definitions before and after amendment, timing, sample target and reasons to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits to this material conversion reflect the review scope and Chamgap's own design

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N13 · How are data-driven amendment and limits to prespecification preserved?

Current findings: The original text records that the amendment was not reported as data-driven, while prespecification had limitations.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Actual interim-data access, decisions and approval, original plans and amendment reports have not been read. Neither data-driven amendment nor complete prespecification is newly established. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Actual interim-data access, decisions and approval, original plans and amendment reports have not been read. Neither data-driven amendment nor complete prespecification is newly established.
Required materials and conditions: Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans
Materials to obtain first: Amendment decisions, interim-access records, registration and plans
Further research: Separate reported amendment reasons from what was actually verified. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Amendment reasons, decision makers and timing, data access and analysis plans to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; separation of statuses is Chamgap's own design

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N14 · What are the randomized, completed and endpoint-specific analysis denominators and missing data?

Current findings: The original inclusion/allocation counts of 706 participants (352/354) and two-year follow-up wording are preserved.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Numbers completing follow-up or analyzed, missing data, attrition and deaths by group, observation time for each injury endpoint and handling are unverified. The counts are not automatically treated as complete two-year follow-up for everyone or as safety denominators. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Numbers completing follow-up or analyzed, missing data, attrition and deaths by group, observation time for each injury endpoint and handling are unverified. The counts are not automatically treated as complete two-year follow-up for everyone or as safety denominators.
Required materials and conditions: 706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling
Materials to obtain first: Flow diagrams, endpoint-specific denominators, follow-up and missing-data tables
Further research: Distinguish allocation from actual observation and analysis. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for 706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates 706/352/354, observation, analysis, attrition and handling to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

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N15 · What is known about ITT, adherence effects and supplementary or sensitivity analyses?

Current findings: Only the original description of a center-adjusted model is available.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. ITT/PP, adherence and component-specific home-exercise effects, missing-data and model sensitivity analyses and prespecified subgroups are unverified. Unnamed analyses or independent component effects are not filled in. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: ITT/PP, adherence and component-specific home-exercise effects, missing-data and model sensitivity analyses and prespecified subgroups are unverified. Unnamed analyses or independent component effects are not filled in.
Required materials and conditions: Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses
Materials to obtain first: SAP, exposure, analysis populations and sensitivity materials
Further research: Record the difference between assignment to the program and actual participation effects. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Effect of interest, ITT/PP, actual exposure, changes and sensitivity analyses to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; our own application; M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; our own application

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N16 · Is the serious-injury-only result preserved alongside the combined result?

Current findings: The original serious-only result was 68 versus 87 events, HR.83/CI.60~1.16, and was not significant. Its subclaim grade D and note are preserved separately.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. The serious-only P value, importance threshold, denominator and analysis details are unverified. The positive combined result is not changed into serious-only confirmation or reassessed as an exactly zero effect or equivalence. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: The serious-only P value, importance threshold, denominator and analysis details are unverified. The positive combined result is not changed into serious-only confirmation or reassessed as an exactly zero effect or equivalence.
Required materials and conditions: Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy
Materials to obtain first: Serious-injury-only outcome and plan tables
Further research: Display other severity outcomes from the same trial together. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Combined versus serious-only injuries, events, original HR and CI and hierarchy to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; separation of statuses is Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap application

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N17 · Do all falls and other secondary functional outcomes directly answer this question?

Current findings: The current original evidence contains values for combined moderate-plus-serious injury rates and serious-only injuries.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Values and hierarchy for all falls, individual fractures, balance or gait, quality of life and death are unverified in this summary. The same values are not repurposed for other outcomes. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Values and hierarchy for all falls, individual fractures, balance or gait, quality of life and death are unverified in this summary. The same values are not repurposed for other outcomes.
Required materials and conditions: Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators
Materials to obtain first: Prespecified endpoint definitions and outcome tables
Further research: Separate fewer injuries from other events and functional outcomes. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Injuries versus all falls, fractures and function, endpoint definitions and denominators to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap extension boundaries; M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application

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N18 · Were registration and the original and amended plans actually read?

Current findings: The original registration identifier NCT00545350 and narrative of the recruitment-stage amendment are linked.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. External registration, original and amended protocols and SAP have not been read or accessed. An identifier or the original narrative is not treated as completed plan comparison. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: External registration, original and amended protocols and SAP have not been read or accessed. An identifier or the original narrative is not treated as completed plan comparison.
Required materials and conditions: NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history
Materials to obtain first: Registration history, original and amended plans and SAP
Further research: If materials are supplied, distinguish amendments to definitions, timing and analyses. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates NCT00545350, protocols, SAP and amendment history to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design

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N19 · What is the scope of public support and declared non-involvement?

Current findings: The original account of support from five public bodies and no funder involvement in design, collection, analysis or publication decisions is preserved.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Items and amounts, contracts, actual roles and comparison of individual agencies' roles are unverified. Public support or declarations are not treated as verification of every aspect of independence. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Items and amounts, contracts, actual roles and comparison of individual agencies' roles are unverified. Public support or declarations are not treated as verification of every aspect of independence.
Required materials and conditions: AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles
Materials to obtain first: Original funding and role disclosures
Further research: Separate funders, declared and actual roles and the scope of verification. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates AP-HP, French Ministry of Health, ANR, INPES, Ile-de-France and roles to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items.

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N20 · Are product support, employee authors, COI and analysis or writing support known?

Current findings: Only accounts of public support and non-involvement are preserved.
Verification status: Unverified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: The information currently needed is unverified in the stored summary. Free product or equipment provision, author employment and patents, individual COI and analysis, writing or publication support are unverified. These relationships are not filled in as absent. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Free product or equipment provision, author employment and patents, individual COI and analysis, writing or publication support are unverified. These relationships are not filled in as absent.
Required materials and conditions: Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services
Materials to obtain first: Product, author, COI, analysis and writing disclosures
Further research: Update each relationship separately from the support already recorded. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Product and equipment provision, employment, patents, disclosures and external services to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items.

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N21 · What do the five exercise-related injurious falls record?

Current findings: The original text records five exercise-related injurious falls. This is a reported event count.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Unique people, event timing, supervised and home exposure, severity, denominators, collection and discontinuation are unverified. New rates or between-group harms are not calculated from 352 participants or two years. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Unique people, event timing, supervised and home exposure, severity, denominators, collection and discontinuation are unverified. New rates or between-group harms are not calculated from 352 participants or two years.
Required materials and conditions: Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection
Materials to obtain first: Related-event details, exposure, denominators and collection materials
Further research: Distinguish prevention-related injury endpoints from program-related harms. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Event definition, people versus events, exposure, duration, severity and collection to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Supplements gaps in safety materials for the selected subclaim. Fall-prevention effects, injury counts or the parent safety wording do not establish safety, and no new harm rate, exercise program, movement instruction or prescription is created.
Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; detailed distinctions are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.2 design-specific harm questions; timing details are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application

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N22 · What can be said about relatedness and overall safety?

Current findings: The original exercise-related wording and five events are preserved; the parent's Caution safety label is historical.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Relatedness assessment, baseline and concomitant factors, alternatives and comparative, long-term or rare events are unverified. No safety certification or new movement, supervision or environmental prescription is created. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Relatedness assessment, baseline and concomitant factors, alternatives and comparative, long-term or rare events are unverified. No safety certification or new movement, supervision or environmental prescription is created.
Required materials and conditions: Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups
Materials to obtain first: Relatedness, alternative explanations and long-term harm materials
Further research: Separate original events from gaps in causality and safety scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Relatedness, other causes, comparative harms and long-term or vulnerable groups to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Supplements gaps in safety materials for the selected subclaim. Fall-prevention effects, injury counts or the parent safety wording do not establish safety, and no new harm rate, exercise program, movement instruction or prescription is created.
Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4, M03 §3.2.3; Chamgap application; M19 §19.2.2–19.2.4 design considerations; detailed confounding records are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap application; Chamgap interpretive boundaries draw on M19 principles, without executing an official causality tool

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N23 · Are links to other exercise assessments new independent replication?

Current findings: The stored 1812 and Otago 1834 A86 links are historical comparisons in the same direction. The current evidence and citation lists contain one Ossébo report.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Related assessments, trials, populations, durations and independence were not looked up. Links are not combined as new reports or direct replication of the same program. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Related assessments, trials, populations, durations and independence were not looked up. Links are not combined as new reports or direct replication of the same program.
Required materials and conditions: Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs
Materials to obtain first: Other exercise, population and related-report materials
Further research: Separate comparison links from the evidence status of the current trial. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Tai ji quan 1812, Otago 1834 and relationships between assessments, populations and programs to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 distinction between studies and reports; cohort and outcome linkage is Chamgap's own application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design

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N24 · How are the same people, severities, events and times shared?

Current findings: The two selected sheets share the same Ossébo/NCT00545350 trial, 706 participants and one report. Combined and serious-only events, people and woman-years are different outcomes or units.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. External comparison of related or follow-up reports and event duplication was not performed. The original single pivotal trial and R1/I2 are not backdated as new independence certification; participants or events are not added together. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: External comparison of related or follow-up reports and event duplication was not performed. The original single pivotal trial and R1/I2 are not backdated as new independence certification; participants or events are not added together.
Required materials and conditions: Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial
Materials to obtain first: Registration, related reports and event-denominator links
Further research: Distinguish unrecorded unique clinical totals from report and material slots. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates Report, Ossébo trial, injury categories, repeated events and other sheets from the same trial to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: Study/report distinction in M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2; Cohort/outcome linkage is Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application

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N25 · Are findings extended to other populations, exercises, durations or outcomes?

Current findings: The original text limits the finding to reduced moderate-plus-serious combined rates in this high-risk group of women, without claiming reduction in every serious fall.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Direct evidence for other ages, sexes, institutions, other exercises, isolated components, persistence after cessation or beyond two years is unverified. Exercise prescriptions or movement instructions are not created. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Direct evidence for other ages, sexes, institutions, other exercises, isolated components, persistence after cessation or beyond two years is unverified. Exercise prescriptions or movement instructions are not created.
Required materials and conditions: High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence
Materials to obtain first: Other populations and programs, long-term and post-cessation outcomes
Further research: Separate the narrow selected effect from extension questions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates High-risk women, the specific combined program, two years and direct extension evidence to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence and effect-modification details are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap extension boundaries

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N26 · What history is preserved in parent values, Korean and English wording, dates and empty correction records?

Current findings: B76, Caution safety, unrecorded precision, a true large hard-outcome RCT flag, other false flags, empty override reasons, Korean and English texts, 2026-08-26, empty correction and deliberation records and historical cross-check wording are preserved in the complete stored summary.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. Parent values do not fill subclaim scores or axes. This is not a new current search, original-text or language review, correction or retraction check or clinical certification. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: Parent values do not fill subclaim scores or axes. This is not a new current search, original-text or language review, correction or retraction check or clinical certification.
Required materials and conditions: B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording
Materials to obtain first: Corrections, user comments and supplied original materials
Further research: Distinguish the original record from production and amendment events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates B76, original axes with true, false, unrecorded and empty values, and language-specific amendment wording to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits reflect review scope and our own design; M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; status distinctions are our own design

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N27 · What summary and external materials were actually read?

Current findings: The complete stored summary, one evidence entry and one citation were read for production, and the original BMJ link was retained. The summary is marked summary read; external materials are marked not read.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread
Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded. Detailed original materials have not been read, and the original content review remains incomplete. External abstract and full text, registration, protocols, SAP and disclosures have not been read or accessed. Identifiers, bibliography or historical accounts are not treated as full-text reading or completed review. The original content review remains incomplete.
Reason for missing information: External abstract and full text, registration, protocols, SAP and disclosures have not been read or accessed. Identifiers, bibliography or historical accounts are not treated as full-text reading or completed review.
Required materials and conditions: One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures
Materials to obtain first: Each original material and actual reading history
Further research: Distinguish existence, acquisition, reading level and access history. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation or trial was performed.
Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review.
Conditions for verification: Original materials and analysis scope for One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures must be available so that unverified matters can be distinguished. This record links preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete.
Why this condition is needed: This item separates One evidence entry, one citation, original URL and reading status of the paper, registration, plans and disclosures to link materials needed for the selected question with the materials currently available.
Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material.
Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 material collection/selection principles; acquisition/reading separation and hyperlink specifications are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design

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