Labor VR × persistent pain relief: during-use signal not sustained at 30 minutes

Required evidence, verification status and materials actually read
Item	AVerification status	BReading scope	CReview item	DCurrent findings	EWhy unverified	FRequired materials and conditions	GFurther research
1	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N01 · Evidence conditionWhich persistent-pain claim is selected?Required	The selection is pain relief lasting beyond 30 minutes; the original grade D note says the during-use signal was not sustained 30 minutes later. Immediate-pain C and medication/operative-event ? are separate. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note	Material needed: Exact during/post-exposure times, denominators, between-group persistent effects/CIs and concurrent analgesia are needed. Create no new question or independence certification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
2	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N02 · Evidence conditionWhat are the original Correia persistence results?Required	Correia records a randomized trial of 61 participants, 32 versus 29, with a during-use signal not maintained 30 minutes later. Exact effects/CIs and registration are unverified. R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence	Material needed: Original times, scales, arm values/effects/CIs, endpoint denominators, prespecified plans and concurrent analgesia/labor changes are needed. Invent no missing numbers or P. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
3	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N03 · Evidence conditionAre maximum exposure and follow-up the same time?Required	The parent’s up to 30 minutes is VR exposure. Correia records pain during use and 30 minutes later. Do not turn duration of use into post-exposure persistence or establish a time origin beyond the summary. R01 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation	Material needed: Exposure start/end, assessment times, stopping/repeated exposure, original analysis windows and denominators are needed. Create no new VR timing or use instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
4	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N04 · Evidence conditionDoes nonpersistence establish exact no effect or long-term null effects?Required	The original record retains nonpersistence without an exact between-group effect/CI. Do not establish exact effect 0 or equivalence at all periods beyond 30 minutes or throughout labor. R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation	Material needed: Time-specific direct effects/CIs, scales/denominators, labor stage/analgesia, clinical-importance criteria and follow-up are needed. Calculate no new CIs, P or effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
5	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N05 · Evidence conditionAre total sizes the denominators at each time?Required	Correia’s 61 participants, 32 versus 29, are total trial/arm sizes. The summary lacks denominators for time-specific completion/analysis, post-analgesia exclusions, labor progression/stopping and missed follow-up. R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping	Material needed: Original flow, time/arm-specific denominators, missingness/stopping reasons, ITT/analysis and sensitivity are needed. Calculate no new participant differences or attrition counts. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
6	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N06 · Evidence conditionIs Wong’s immediate change difference a persistent effect?Required	Wong’s control +0.58, VR -0.52 and change difference -1.10, P=.03 concern immediate pre-post between-group pain. Do not copy them as the same effect/CI 30 minutes later or throughout labor. R01 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up	Material needed: Baseline, assessment/exposure times, post-exposure values/effects/CIs, denominators and follow-up are needed. Preserve the original change difference without new calculations. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
7	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N07 · Evidence conditionIs Frey’s acute crossover replication of persistence?Required	Preserve Frey’s 27-person, about 10-minute crossover with pain/anxiety each -1.5 and original intervals. Brief contraction comparisons do not directly replicate persistence beyond 30 minutes. R02 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up	Material needed: Order/carryover, contraction/measurement windows, paired denominators, post-exposure follow-up and the same persistent estimand are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
8	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N08 · Evidence conditionAre Carus within-group and epidural results persistent effects?Required	Preserve early within-group pain reduction and no post-epidural change in Carus’s 42 participants. Do not turn within-group values or another medication state into a between-group effect lasting 30 minutes before pharmacologic analgesia. R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times	Material needed: Medication/epidural times, pain measurement/denominators, between-group effects/CIs, prespecified secondary hierarchy/multiplicity and concurrent care are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
9	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N09 · Evidence conditionAre parent and persistence-trial populations the same?Required	Term nulliparous women before pharmacologic/neuraxial analgesia are parent Wong context. Correia’s detailed eligibility, labor stages and analgesia status are absent from the summary; do not fill all trials with identical population/medication conditions. R01 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status	Material needed: Report-specific labor stages, parity/term status, analgesia/cointerventions, baseline pain, exclusions/vulnerability and denominators are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
10	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N10 · Evidence conditionWere time, labor progression and concurrent analgesia distinguished?Required	Original records separate during/immediately-after, 30-minutes-later and pre/post-epidural results. Details of arm-specific labor progression and analgesia administration are absent, so create no new causal attribution of persistence. R01 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects	Material needed: Time-specific stages, medication, arm/time relationships, baseline adjustment, denominators, direct effects/CIs and missingness are needed. Create no new analgesia or medication-change instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
11	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N11 · Evidence conditionAre different content, scales and exposures combined as one persistent effect?Required	The parent records trial-specific differences in content, exposure duration, headsets and epidural status. Repeated brief support does not establish persistence for 30 minutes under identical conditions. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status	Material needed: Links among devices, content/audio, exposure, comparators/contact, scales, medication status/times and original effects/CIs are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
12	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N12 · Evidence conditionAre satisfaction, anxiety and MCID responses pain persistence?Required	Carus satisfaction P=.04, Frey anxiety/sensory-pain intervals and Wong MCID 0% versus 23.8%, P=.049 concern different endpoints/times. Do not use them as the same persistent-pain effect. R01 R02 R03	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times	Material needed: Tools, times, denominators, prespecified hierarchy/response criteria, external importance and direct persistence CIs are needed. Calculate no new responder counts or effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
13	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N13 · Evidence conditionIs persistent relief extended to less analgesia or operative birth?Required	The parent and separate event subclaim did not establish precise effects or adequate power for analgesia, cesarean or instrumental delivery. Unproven persistence does not become successful medication replacement/surgery prevention or precise no effect. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power	Material needed: Event definitions, arm events/denominators, medication/follow-up times, direct effects/CIs and prespecified samples/power are needed. Create no new labor, analgesic or treatment instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
14	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N14 · Evidence conditionWere persistence prespecification, selected times and bias verified?Required	Preserve Correia’s unverified exact CI/registration and the parent limitations of small subjective unblinded trials. During-use/30-minutes-later records do not establish prespecified hierarchy or completed overall review. R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement	Material needed: Registration/changes, protocols/SAPs, times/success rules, allocation/measurement, missingness and selective-reporting originals are needed. Perform no new formal bias assessment, grading or external lookup. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
15	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N15 · Evidence conditionAre brief pain and maternal/neonatal harms separated?Supplementary	The parent describes dizziness, motion sickness, discomfort/visual obstruction and monitoring/communication boundaries, noting that 40 participants are too few for rare maternal/neonatal harms. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions	Material needed: Original harm counts, denominators, active collection, severity/timing, stopping/cointerventions and vulnerable-population data are needed. Absence of numbers does not establish safety or justify new use/treatment instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
16	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N16 · Evidence conditionWhat is the scope of AppliedVR support and analysis noninvolvement?Required	Wong's funding wording preserves AppliedVR device/software in-kind support and reported noninvolvement in analysis in a same-cohort report. Do not add a same-cohort qualitative study as a new trial. R01	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Same-cohort product support and analysis roles	Material needed: Money/in-kind support, author affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and same-cohort original-report identification are needed. Do not extend reported analysis noninvolvement to every role. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
17	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N17 · Evidence conditionWhat are funding and COI in other reports?Required	Preserve Frey's NIH AR054115 and GM042725, Carus's reported no applicable funding/no conflicts and Correia's unverified support. R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles	Material needed: Original money, device support, affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and company relationships are unverified. Do not promote these to complete support verification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
18	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N18 · Evidence conditionDo identifiers verify prespecified hierarchy?Required	Preserve unverified Wong paper–official-registration linkage, Frey NCT02926469, Carus NCT05032456 and unverified Correia registration. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective prespecification. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading	Material needed: Original registration/change history, protocols/SAPs, paper linkage and prespecified endpoints/denominators/success rules are needed. Infer no new URLs and perform no clinical link checks. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
19	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N19 · Evidence conditionCan shared reports be counted as new independent trials?Required	The parent and three subclaims share four reports. Preserve the original rule against counting same-cohort qualitative material as replication. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships	Material needed: Registration, institutions, recruitment, participants, reports/support and qualitative/quantitative cohort relationships are needed. Do not sum reports, years or sheets as new unique-trial/participant totals. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
20	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N20 · Evidence conditionAre total samples every endpoint's denominators?Required	Preserve original sizes separately: 40 participants (21/19), 27, 42 (21/21) and 61 (32/29). Identical crossover, satisfaction, pain, medication, event, time and harm denominators have not been verified. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators	Material needed: All analyzed is key-trial context and is not copied to other reports. Original flow, missingness/stopping, cointerventions, analysis populations and sensitivity are needed; calculate no new totals, rates, responder counts or effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
21	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N21 · Evidence conditionAre research records turned into use or analgesia instructions?Supplementary	This work preserves devices, content, comparisons and safety boundaries in an evidence table. Create no new VR use/setup steps, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions, or replacement guidance. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance	Material needed: Actual treatment/use decisions are separate. Create no methods or medication-change recommendations beyond the original text. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
22	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N22 · Evidence conditionAre subclaim grades distinguished from parent scores and axes?Required	Preserve immediate-pain C, persistence D and event ?. Subclaim scores/status/axes are absent; parent C with 50 points, Caution, original axes and unrecorded precision concern immediate-pain context. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context	Material needed: Do not fill absent subclaim fields from parent values or turn unrecorded/? into definite values. Create no new grades, scores or independence certification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
23	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N23 · Evidence conditionAre representative conditions copied to every report?Required	Preserve parent bilingual text and representative conditions. Do not apply 40 participants, up to 30 minutes, standard care or pre-post differences as identical conditions for the 27-person crossover, 42-person satisfaction trial or 61-person persistence trial. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators	Material needed: Original report-specific populations, devices/content, comparators, denominators, endpoints/times and English correspondence are needed. No external English comparison or clinical correction review was performed now. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
24	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N24 · Evidence conditionAre stored-summary and external-material reading distinguished?Required	The complete stored parent summary was read for production. Historical verification, incorporation, cross-checks and same-cohort support wording are retained as history; external abstracts, full texts, registration and protocols/SAPs are unread. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading	Material needed: URLs, PMCID or identifiers do not establish acquisition, accessibility, reading or completed review. Actual material acquisition and review are separate events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
25	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N25 · Evidence conditionHow are evidence date, empty histories and production date distinguished?Required	Preserve original evidence date 2026-09-07, empty corrections and empty deliberation. Retain the original 2026 report bibliography and periods; production date does not become a new evidence-verification date. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles	Material needed: Link complete originals, versions and events when new material/corrections are obtained. No new external lookup or original-verdict change was performed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
26	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N26 · Evidence conditionAre material slots quality or independent-trial counts?Required	The 20 material slots comprise 4 stored summaries and 16 unread external slots. They are not acquired papers, unique trials, participants, independent replications or quality scores. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition	Material needed: Do not double-count sharing across parent/subclaims. Distinguish original trials/cohorts and actual acquisition/reading; unique-trial/participant totals remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
27	Partly verified	Full text not readStored summary read	N27 · Evidence conditionHow are new materials or changed questions updated?Required	Preserve original material and production conditions/observations. Link additions or question changes to relevant comparisons, denominators, endpoints/times, reports and subclaim boundaries; no new lookup, calculation or regrading occurred now. R01 R02 R03 R04	The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.	Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events	Material needed: Record complete originals, criterion versions, events and reasons for change. Do not invent effects, CIs, independence or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.

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27 itemsWhat the statuses mean

Assessment scope

Stored-material review date: Not recorded
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-09-07
Scope actually checked: Existing review summaries and stored records of methodological application. Full papers, supplements, registrations, plans and original data were not read.
What the dates mean: This is the date the stored materials were checked, not the date of a new search of the clinical literature.
Population: Correia records 61 participants, 32 versus 29. Time-specific analysis populations, completion, missingness, labor progression and analgesia status are unverified. Do not substitute the parent Wong trial’s 40 term nulliparous women or pre-pharmacologic/neuraxial conditions for the persistence trial’s population or denominators.
Ingredient, formulation and route: Preserve the parent VR context of combined nature scenes, distraction and labor-specific audio. Correia’s exact devices, content, audio, exposure and actual delivery are unverified. Do not fill persistent-effect conditions using another report’s content or medication status.
Dose: The parent’s up to 30 minutes and acute crossover’s about 10 minutes are study-specific exposure records. Do not transfer them into post-exposure observation time or Correia’s actual dose. Create no new VR use/setup, labor, analgesic or treatment timing instructions, or total-exposure calculation.
Comparator: The parent no-added-intervention/standard-care comparison and absence of an active attention control are original trial context. Exact arm mapping, shared care, guidance, contact, expectancy and concurrent analgesia in Correia’s persistence comparison are unverified. Do not establish an identical comparator across reports.
Measured outcome: The selection is pain relief lasting beyond 30 minutes; the original grade D note says the during-use signal was not sustained 30 minutes later. Exact between-group persistent effects, CIs, P, scales and denominators are unverified. Do not transfer immediate change differences or other endpoints, or turn nonpersistence into precise no effect or equivalence.
Duration: Distinguish Correia’s during-use pain from the result 30 minutes later. Exact time origin, exposure end, stopping/repetition, follow-up window and concurrent labor/analgesia changes are unverified. Do not extend this point to effects at every period beyond 30 minutes or throughout labor.
Questions outside this scope: Back-calculating CI/SE or standardized effects from original change differences/P, or calculating new MCID responder counts; Combining primary pain with secondary pain, satisfaction, anxiety or medication/obstetric events as one effect; Interchanging within-group reduction, pre/post-epidural and during/immediately-after/30-minutes-later results; Using representative populations, maximum exposure, standard care or total samples as every report/endpoint’s conditions or denominators; Counting same-cohort qualitative reports, shared bibliography or the three questions as new independent trials or participant totals; Certifying in-kind support, reported noninvolvement in analysis or public funding as complete independence/support verification; Inheriting parent C with 50 points, Caution or historical verification as subclaim scores or new clinical/safety certification; Creating new VR use/setup, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions, or medication/surgery replacement recommendations

Evidence and sources

The links below lead to the sources. A link alone does not mean the original source was read or its latest publication status verified.

R01 · Wong MS, Spiegel BMR, Gregory KD. Virtual Reality Reduces Pain in Laboring Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Perinatol. 2021;38(S01):e167-e172. PMID: 32485759. DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708851.

PubMed

Material type: Open randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Control +0.58, VR -0.52; difference in change -1.10, P=.03
Record level: Primary between-group pre-post pain change from 40 participants, 21 VR/19 control. Direct intervals, scales/models and endpoint-specific denominators are unverified. All analyzed and MCID-response statements do not establish complete data at all times/for harms or separate confirmation. Do not promote this context to direct replication of the selected persistent effect.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and three subclaims share the four Wong, Frey, Carus and Correia references. Preserve the original rule against adding same-cohort qualitative material as replication. Do not count reports, years, repeated contractions or separate sheets as new unique trials or independent participant totals; unique-trial/participant totals are unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 32485759, DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1708851 and unverified paper–official-registration linkage. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Same-cohort in-kind-support/noninvolvement-in-analysis statements do not become new reading or independence certification.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 32485759, DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1708851 and unverified paper–official-registration linkage. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Same-cohort in-kind-support/noninvolvement-in-analysis statements do not become new reading or independence certification.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 32485759, DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1708851 and unverified paper–official-registration linkage. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Same-cohort in-kind-support/noninvolvement-in-analysis statements do not become new reading or independence certification.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 32485759, DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1708851 and unverified paper–official-registration linkage. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Same-cohort in-kind-support/noninvolvement-in-analysis statements do not become new reading or independence certification.
Protocol and analysis plan	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 32485759, DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1708851 and unverified paper–official-registration linkage. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Same-cohort in-kind-support/noninvolvement-in-analysis statements do not become new reading or independence certification.

R02 · Frey DP, et al. Virtual Reality Analgesia in Labor: The VRAIL Pilot Study-A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial Suggesting Benefit of Immersive Virtual Reality Analgesia in Unmedicated Laboring Women. Anesth Analg. 2019;128:e93-e96. PMID: 31094789. DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649.

PubMed

Material type: Order-randomized acute crossover trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Sensory pain -1.5 (95% CI -2.2 to -0.8); anxiety -1.5 (-2.3 to -0.8)
Record level: Order-randomized acute crossover context with 27 participants. Keep original sensory-pain and anxiety values separate without newly assigning an interval level to anxiety. Order, periods, carryover, paired denominators and differing content/scales are unverified. Do not promote this context to direct replication of the selected persistent effect.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and three subclaims share the four Wong, Frey, Carus and Correia references. Preserve the original rule against adding same-cohort qualitative material as replication. Do not count reports, years, repeated contractions or separate sheets as new unique trials or independent participant totals; unique-trial/participant totals are unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 31094789, DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649 and NCT02926469. PMCID is unrecorded. The identifier and original funding wording do not establish current registration/full-text reading, prospective status or complete support verification.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 31094789, DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649 and NCT02926469. PMCID is unrecorded. The identifier and original funding wording do not establish current registration/full-text reading, prospective status or complete support verification.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 31094789, DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649 and NCT02926469. PMCID is unrecorded. The identifier and original funding wording do not establish current registration/full-text reading, prospective status or complete support verification.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 31094789, DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649 and NCT02926469. PMCID is unrecorded. The identifier and original funding wording do not establish current registration/full-text reading, prospective status or complete support verification.
Protocol and analysis plan	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 31094789, DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649 and NCT02926469. PMCID is unrecorded. The identifier and original funding wording do not establish current registration/full-text reading, prospective status or complete support verification.

R03 · Carus EG, Albayrak N, Bildirici HM, Gur Ozmen S. Immersive virtual reality on childbirth experience for women: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22:354. PMID: 35461248. PMCID: PMC9034564. DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04598-y.

PubMed

Material type: Randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: Satisfaction P=.04; within-group early-pain reduction and no post-epidural change
Record level: 42 participants, 21 versus 21, distinguishing primary satisfaction from secondary pain. Do not turn early within-group reduction or no post-epidural change into a direct between-group primary pain effect. Exact intervals, time-specific denominators and medication status are unverified. Do not promote this context to direct replication of the selected persistent effect.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and three subclaims share the four Wong, Frey, Carus and Correia references. Preserve the original rule against adding same-cohort qualitative material as replication. Do not count reports, years, repeated contractions or separate sheets as new unique trials or independent participant totals; unique-trial/participant totals are unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 35461248, PMCID PMC9034564, DOI 10.1186/s12884-022-04598-y and NCT05032456. The citation registration annotation is unrecorded, separately from the case annotation. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective status.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 35461248, PMCID PMC9034564, DOI 10.1186/s12884-022-04598-y and NCT05032456. The citation registration annotation is unrecorded, separately from the case annotation. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective status.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 35461248, PMCID PMC9034564, DOI 10.1186/s12884-022-04598-y and NCT05032456. The citation registration annotation is unrecorded, separately from the case annotation. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective status.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 35461248, PMCID PMC9034564, DOI 10.1186/s12884-022-04598-y and NCT05032456. The citation registration annotation is unrecorded, separately from the case annotation. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective status.
Protocol and analysis plan	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 35461248, PMCID PMC9034564, DOI 10.1186/s12884-022-04598-y and NCT05032456. The citation registration annotation is unrecorded, separately from the case annotation. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective status.

R04 · Correia MCG, et al. Virtual Reality in Labor Pain Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Manag Nurs. 2026;27:e708-e714. PMID: 41896140. DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.005.

PubMed

Material type: Randomized controlled trial
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external materials unread
Findings recorded in the stored summary: The during-use signal was not sustained 30 minutes later
Record level: During-use/30-minutes-later results from 61 participants, 32 versus 29, linked to the selected persistence note. Exact time origin, between-group effects/CIs, time-specific denominators, registration and support are unverified. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at every period.
Study overlap and independent replication: The parent and three subclaims share the four Wong, Frey, Carus and Correia references. Preserve the original rule against adding same-cohort qualitative material as replication. Do not count reports, years, repeated contractions or separate sheets as new unique trials or independent participant totals; unique-trial/participant totals are unverified.

Public availability, access and reading status by material
Material	Public availability	Access status	Actually read	Notes
Stored existing review summary	Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary	Stored summary	Summary read	Preserve original PMID 41896140, DOI 10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.005 and unverified registration/support. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Retain the original bibliographic year and evidence date; infer no new URLs or original-material acquisition.
External abstract	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 41896140, DOI 10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.005 and unverified registration/support. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Retain the original bibliographic year and evidence date; infer no new URLs or original-material acquisition.
External full text	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 41896140, DOI 10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.005 and unverified registration/support. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Retain the original bibliographic year and evidence date; infer no new URLs or original-material acquisition.
Registration material	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 41896140, DOI 10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.005 and unverified registration/support. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Retain the original bibliographic year and evidence date; infer no new URLs or original-material acquisition.
Protocol and analysis plan	Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified	Unread; access not attempted	Not read	Preserve original PMID 41896140, DOI 10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.005 and unverified registration/support. PMCID and case/citation registration annotations are unrecorded. Retain the original bibliographic year and evidence date; infer no new URLs or original-material acquisition.

Report counts versus independent study counts

The parent and three subclaims share the four Wong, Frey, Carus and Correia references. Preserve the original rule against adding same-cohort qualitative material as replication. Do not count reports, years, repeated contractions or separate sheets as new unique trials or independent participant totals; unique-trial/participant totals are unverified.

Review criteria

Version 1.0 · Criteria record date 2026-10-06. These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the referenced methods. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

N01 · Which persistent-pain claim is selected?

Required materials and conditions: Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note
Conditions for verification: Material for Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N02 · What are the original Correia persistence results?

Required materials and conditions: Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence
Conditions for verification: Material for Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N03 · Are maximum exposure and follow-up the same time?

Required materials and conditions: Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation
Conditions for verification: Material for Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N04 · Does nonpersistence establish exact no effect or long-term null effects?

Required materials and conditions: Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation
Conditions for verification: Material for Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N05 · Are total sizes the denominators at each time?

Required materials and conditions: Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping
Conditions for verification: Material for Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N06 · Is Wong’s immediate change difference a persistent effect?

Required materials and conditions: Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up
Conditions for verification: Material for Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N07 · Is Frey’s acute crossover replication of persistence?

Required materials and conditions: Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up
Conditions for verification: Material for Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N08 · Are Carus within-group and epidural results persistent effects?

Required materials and conditions: Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times
Conditions for verification: Material for Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N09 · Are parent and persistence-trial populations the same?

Required materials and conditions: Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status
Conditions for verification: Material for Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N10 · Were time, labor progression and concurrent analgesia distinguished?

Required materials and conditions: Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects
Conditions for verification: Material for Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N11 · Are different content, scales and exposures combined as one persistent effect?

Required materials and conditions: Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status
Conditions for verification: Material for Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N12 · Are satisfaction, anxiety and MCID responses pain persistence?

Required materials and conditions: Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times
Conditions for verification: Material for Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N13 · Is persistent relief extended to less analgesia or operative birth?

Required materials and conditions: Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power
Conditions for verification: Material for Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N14 · Were persistence prespecification, selected times and bias verified?

Required materials and conditions: Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement
Conditions for verification: Material for Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N15 · Are brief pain and maternal/neonatal harms separated?

Required materials and conditions: Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions
Conditions for verification: Material for Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N16 · What is the scope of AppliedVR support and analysis noninvolvement?

Required materials and conditions: Same-cohort product support and analysis roles
Conditions for verification: Material for Same-cohort product support and analysis roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Same-cohort product support and analysis roles with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N17 · What are funding and COI in other reports?

Required materials and conditions: Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles
Conditions for verification: Material for Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N18 · Do identifiers verify prespecified hierarchy?

Required materials and conditions: Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading
Conditions for verification: Material for Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N19 · Can shared reports be counted as new independent trials?

Required materials and conditions: Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships
Conditions for verification: Material for Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N20 · Are total samples every endpoint's denominators?

Required materials and conditions: Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators
Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N21 · Are research records turned into use or analgesia instructions?

Required materials and conditions: Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance
Conditions for verification: Material for Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Supplementary
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N22 · Are subclaim grades distinguished from parent scores and axes?

Required materials and conditions: Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context
Conditions for verification: Material for Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N23 · Are representative conditions copied to every report?

Required materials and conditions: Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators
Conditions for verification: Material for Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N24 · Are stored-summary and external-material reading distinguished?

Required materials and conditions: Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading
Conditions for verification: Material for Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N25 · How are evidence date, empty histories and production date distinguished?

Required materials and conditions: Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles
Conditions for verification: Material for Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N26 · Are material slots quality or independent-trial counts?

Required materials and conditions: Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition
Conditions for verification: Material for Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

N27 · How are new materials or changed questions updated?

Required materials and conditions: Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events
Conditions for verification: Material for Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Requirement and applicability: Required
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Referenced methods and the sections actually reviewed

M03 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13

Referenced principle: Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M04 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03

Official methodology · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42

Referenced principle: Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M08 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a

Referenced principle: Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M15 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08

Official methodology · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3

Referenced principle: Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

M19 · Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10

Official methodology · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4

Referenced principle: Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.
Extent of review: Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

What the statuses mean

Partly verified: Some information is present in the stored source, with detailed original materials still unverified; this does not mean review passed or clinical efficacy certified
Unverified: Detailed materials for the selected condition could not be established within the stored scope; this does not mean zero effect, zero studies or safety
Review incomplete: Awaiting user review
Met: Use only within the relevant condition's scope after user review; no automatic display in this preparation
Not reported: Distinguish only within materials actually read; do not turn unread external materials into unreported findings
Inaccessible: Not applied during this preparation because actual access was not tested
Not applicable: Use with a reason for non-applicability based on an explicit question boundary
Conflicting data: Judge after actual material comparison; review was not performed during this preparation
Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Do not use as a clinical grade encompassing currently unread materials

Change history

2026-10-19 · Public page/material version 1.0

Public pages and materials were prepared from the existing 27 items. No new clinical search, verification-status change or scoring was performed.

The stored-material review date (Not recorded) and original evidence cut-off (2026-09-07) were retained unchanged.

Researcher downloads

These materials provide the same evidence, scope and verification status as this page.

View all item details

N01 · Which persistent-pain claim is selected?

Current findings: The selection is pain relief lasting beyond 30 minutes; the original grade D note says the during-use signal was not sustained 30 minutes later. Immediate-pain C and medication/operative-event ? are separate.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exact during/post-exposure times, denominators, between-group persistent effects/CIs and concurrent analgesia are needed. Create no new question or independence certification.
Required materials and conditions: Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note
Materials to obtain first: Exact during/post-exposure times, denominators, between-group persistent effects/CIs and concurrent analgesia are needed. Create no new question or independence certification.
Further research: Material needed: Exact during/post-exposure times, denominators, between-group persistent effects/CIs and concurrent analgesia are needed. Create no new question or independence certification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Existing subclaim, grade and nonpersistence note with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N02 · What are the original Correia persistence results?

Current findings: Correia records a randomized trial of 61 participants, 32 versus 29, with a during-use signal not maintained 30 minutes later. Exact effects/CIs and registration are unverified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original times, scales, arm values/effects/CIs, endpoint denominators, prespecified plans and concurrent analgesia/labor changes are needed. Invent no missing numbers or P.
Required materials and conditions: Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence
Materials to obtain first: Original times, scales, arm values/effects/CIs, endpoint denominators, prespecified plans and concurrent analgesia/labor changes are needed. Invent no missing numbers or P.
Further research: Material needed: Original times, scales, arm values/effects/CIs, endpoint denominators, prespecified plans and concurrent analgesia/labor changes are needed. Invent no missing numbers or P. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Trial sizes, during-use/follow-up pain and nonpersistence with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R04

N03 · Are maximum exposure and follow-up the same time?

Current findings: The parent’s up to 30 minutes is VR exposure. Correia records pain during use and 30 minutes later. Do not turn duration of use into post-exposure persistence or establish a time origin beyond the summary.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Exposure start/end, assessment times, stopping/repeated exposure, original analysis windows and denominators are needed. Create no new VR timing or use instructions.
Required materials and conditions: Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation
Materials to obtain first: Exposure start/end, assessment times, stopping/repeated exposure, original analysis windows and denominators are needed. Create no new VR timing or use instructions.
Further research: Material needed: Exposure start/end, assessment times, stopping/repeated exposure, original analysis windows and denominators are needed. Create no new VR timing or use instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Exposure duration versus post-exposure observation with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R04

N04 · Does nonpersistence establish exact no effect or long-term null effects?

Current findings: The original record retains nonpersistence without an exact between-group effect/CI. Do not establish exact effect 0 or equivalence at all periods beyond 30 minutes or throughout labor.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Time-specific direct effects/CIs, scales/denominators, labor stage/analgesia, clinical-importance criteria and follow-up are needed. Calculate no new CIs, P or effects.
Required materials and conditions: Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation
Materials to obtain first: Time-specific direct effects/CIs, scales/denominators, labor stage/analgesia, clinical-importance criteria and follow-up are needed. Calculate no new CIs, P or effects.
Further research: Material needed: Time-specific direct effects/CIs, scales/denominators, labor stage/analgesia, clinical-importance criteria and follow-up are needed. Calculate no new CIs, P or effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Persistent results, precision and temporal extrapolation with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R04

N05 · Are total sizes the denominators at each time?

Current findings: Correia’s 61 participants, 32 versus 29, are total trial/arm sizes. The summary lacks denominators for time-specific completion/analysis, post-analgesia exclusions, labor progression/stopping and missed follow-up.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original flow, time/arm-specific denominators, missingness/stopping reasons, ITT/analysis and sensitivity are needed. Calculate no new participant differences or attrition counts.
Required materials and conditions: Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping
Materials to obtain first: Original flow, time/arm-specific denominators, missingness/stopping reasons, ITT/analysis and sensitivity are needed. Calculate no new participant differences or attrition counts.
Further research: Material needed: Original flow, time/arm-specific denominators, missingness/stopping reasons, ITT/analysis and sensitivity are needed. Calculate no new participant differences or attrition counts. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Allocation, completion, during/follow-up missingness and stopping with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R04

N06 · Is Wong’s immediate change difference a persistent effect?

Current findings: Wong’s control +0.58, VR -0.52 and change difference -1.10, P=.03 concern immediate pre-post between-group pain. Do not copy them as the same effect/CI 30 minutes later or throughout labor.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Baseline, assessment/exposure times, post-exposure values/effects/CIs, denominators and follow-up are needed. Preserve the original change difference without new calculations.
Required materials and conditions: Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up
Materials to obtain first: Baseline, assessment/exposure times, post-exposure values/effects/CIs, denominators and follow-up are needed. Preserve the original change difference without new calculations.
Further research: Material needed: Baseline, assessment/exposure times, post-exposure values/effects/CIs, denominators and follow-up are needed. Preserve the original change difference without new calculations. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Immediate between-group pre-post change versus follow-up with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R04

N07 · Is Frey’s acute crossover replication of persistence?

Current findings: Preserve Frey’s 27-person, about 10-minute crossover with pain/anxiety each -1.5 and original intervals. Brief contraction comparisons do not directly replicate persistence beyond 30 minutes.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Order/carryover, contraction/measurement windows, paired denominators, post-exposure follow-up and the same persistent estimand are needed.
Required materials and conditions: Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up
Materials to obtain first: Order/carryover, contraction/measurement windows, paired denominators, post-exposure follow-up and the same persistent estimand are needed.
Further research: Material needed: Order/carryover, contraction/measurement windows, paired denominators, post-exposure follow-up and the same persistent estimand are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Brief contraction comparison versus post-exposure follow-up with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02 R04

N08 · Are Carus within-group and epidural results persistent effects?

Current findings: Preserve early within-group pain reduction and no post-epidural change in Carus’s 42 participants. Do not turn within-group values or another medication state into a between-group effect lasting 30 minutes before pharmacologic analgesia.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Medication/epidural times, pain measurement/denominators, between-group effects/CIs, prespecified secondary hierarchy/multiplicity and concurrent care are needed.
Required materials and conditions: Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times
Materials to obtain first: Medication/epidural times, pain measurement/denominators, between-group effects/CIs, prespecified secondary hierarchy/multiplicity and concurrent care are needed.
Further research: Material needed: Medication/epidural times, pain measurement/denominators, between-group effects/CIs, prespecified secondary hierarchy/multiplicity and concurrent care are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Epidural status, primary satisfaction, secondary pain and times with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R03 R04

N09 · Are parent and persistence-trial populations the same?

Current findings: Term nulliparous women before pharmacologic/neuraxial analgesia are parent Wong context. Correia’s detailed eligibility, labor stages and analgesia status are absent from the summary; do not fill all trials with identical population/medication conditions.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Report-specific labor stages, parity/term status, analgesia/cointerventions, baseline pain, exclusions/vulnerability and denominators are needed.
Required materials and conditions: Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status
Materials to obtain first: Report-specific labor stages, parity/term status, analgesia/cointerventions, baseline pain, exclusions/vulnerability and denominators are needed.
Further research: Material needed: Report-specific labor stages, parity/term status, analgesia/cointerventions, baseline pain, exclusions/vulnerability and denominators are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Laboring women, labor stages, baseline pain and analgesia status with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R03 R04

N10 · Were time, labor progression and concurrent analgesia distinguished?

Current findings: Original records separate during/immediately-after, 30-minutes-later and pre/post-epidural results. Details of arm-specific labor progression and analgesia administration are absent, so create no new causal attribution of persistence.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Time-specific stages, medication, arm/time relationships, baseline adjustment, denominators, direct effects/CIs and missingness are needed. Create no new analgesia or medication-change instructions.
Required materials and conditions: Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects
Materials to obtain first: Time-specific stages, medication, arm/time relationships, baseline adjustment, denominators, direct effects/CIs and missingness are needed. Create no new analgesia or medication-change instructions.
Further research: Material needed: Time-specific stages, medication, arm/time relationships, baseline adjustment, denominators, direct effects/CIs and missingness are needed. Create no new analgesia or medication-change instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Repeated measurement, arm-specific time changes and persistent effects with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R03 R04

N11 · Are different content, scales and exposures combined as one persistent effect?

Current findings: The parent records trial-specific differences in content, exposure duration, headsets and epidural status. Repeated brief support does not establish persistence for 30 minutes under identical conditions.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Links among devices, content/audio, exposure, comparators/contact, scales, medication status/times and original effects/CIs are needed.
Required materials and conditions: Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status
Materials to obtain first: Links among devices, content/audio, exposure, comparators/contact, scales, medication status/times and original effects/CIs are needed.
Further research: Material needed: Links among devices, content/audio, exposure, comparators/contact, scales, medication status/times and original effects/CIs are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Differences in devices, content, audio and medication status with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N12 · Are satisfaction, anxiety and MCID responses pain persistence?

Current findings: Carus satisfaction P=.04, Frey anxiety/sensory-pain intervals and Wong MCID 0% versus 23.8%, P=.049 concern different endpoints/times. Do not use them as the same persistent-pain effect.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Tools, times, denominators, prespecified hierarchy/response criteria, external importance and direct persistence CIs are needed. Calculate no new responder counts or effects.
Required materials and conditions: Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times
Materials to obtain first: Tools, times, denominators, prespecified hierarchy/response criteria, external importance and direct persistence CIs are needed. Calculate no new responder counts or effects.
Further research: Material needed: Tools, times, denominators, prespecified hierarchy/response criteria, external importance and direct persistence CIs are needed. Calculate no new responder counts or effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Different patient-reported endpoints, response criteria and times with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03

N13 · Is persistent relief extended to less analgesia or operative birth?

Current findings: The parent and separate event subclaim did not establish precise effects or adequate power for analgesia, cesarean or instrumental delivery. Unproven persistence does not become successful medication replacement/surgery prevention or precise no effect.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Event definitions, arm events/denominators, medication/follow-up times, direct effects/CIs and prespecified samples/power are needed. Create no new labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Required materials and conditions: Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power
Materials to obtain first: Event definitions, arm events/denominators, medication/follow-up times, direct effects/CIs and prespecified samples/power are needed. Create no new labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Further research: Material needed: Event definitions, arm events/denominators, medication/follow-up times, direct effects/CIs and prespecified samples/power are needed. Create no new labor, analgesic or treatment instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Pain follow-up versus medication/obstetric events and power with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N14 · Were persistence prespecification, selected times and bias verified?

Current findings: Preserve Correia’s unverified exact CI/registration and the parent limitations of small subjective unblinded trials. During-use/30-minutes-later records do not establish prespecified hierarchy or completed overall review.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Registration/changes, protocols/SAPs, times/success rules, allocation/measurement, missingness and selective-reporting originals are needed. Perform no new formal bias assessment, grading or external lookup.
Required materials and conditions: Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement
Materials to obtain first: Registration/changes, protocols/SAPs, times/success rules, allocation/measurement, missingness and selective-reporting originals are needed. Perform no new formal bias assessment, grading or external lookup.
Further research: Material needed: Registration/changes, protocols/SAPs, times/success rules, allocation/measurement, missingness and selective-reporting originals are needed. Perform no new formal bias assessment, grading or external lookup. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original registration/plans, repeated times and subjective measurement with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R04

N15 · Are brief pain and maternal/neonatal harms separated?

Current findings: The parent describes dizziness, motion sickness, discomfort/visual obstruction and monitoring/communication boundaries, noting that 40 participants are too few for rare maternal/neonatal harms.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original harm counts, denominators, active collection, severity/timing, stopping/cointerventions and vulnerable-population data are needed. Absence of numbers does not establish safety or justify new use/treatment instructions.
Required materials and conditions: Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions
Materials to obtain first: Original harm counts, denominators, active collection, severity/timing, stopping/cointerventions and vulnerable-population data are needed. Absence of numbers does not establish safety or justify new use/treatment instructions.
Further research: Material needed: Original harm counts, denominators, active collection, severity/timing, stopping/cointerventions and vulnerable-population data are needed. Absence of numbers does not establish safety or justify new use/treatment instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Harms collection, events, denominators, timing and observation conditions with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N16 · What is the scope of AppliedVR support and analysis noninvolvement?

Current findings: Wong's funding wording preserves AppliedVR device/software in-kind support and reported noninvolvement in analysis in a same-cohort report. Do not add a same-cohort qualitative study as a new trial.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Money/in-kind support, author affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and same-cohort original-report identification are needed. Do not extend reported analysis noninvolvement to every role.
Required materials and conditions: Same-cohort product support and analysis roles
Materials to obtain first: Money/in-kind support, author affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and same-cohort original-report identification are needed. Do not extend reported analysis noninvolvement to every role.
Further research: Material needed: Money/in-kind support, author affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and same-cohort original-report identification are needed. Do not extend reported analysis noninvolvement to every role. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Same-cohort product support and analysis roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Same-cohort product support and analysis roles with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01

N17 · What are funding and COI in other reports?

Current findings: Preserve Frey's NIH AR054115 and GM042725, Carus's reported no applicable funding/no conflicts and Correia's unverified support.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original money, device support, affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and company relationships are unverified. Do not promote these to complete support verification.
Required materials and conditions: Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles
Materials to obtain first: Original money, device support, affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and company relationships are unverified. Do not promote these to complete support verification.
Further research: Material needed: Original money, device support, affiliations/COI, design/analysis/publication roles and company relationships are unverified. Do not promote these to complete support verification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Public funding, no-funding declarations, unverified support and company roles with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R02 R03 R04

N18 · Do identifiers verify prespecified hierarchy?

Current findings: Preserve unverified Wong paper–official-registration linkage, Frey NCT02926469, Carus NCT05032456 and unverified Correia registration. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish current reading or prospective prespecification.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original registration/change history, protocols/SAPs, paper linkage and prespecified endpoints/denominators/success rules are needed. Infer no new URLs and perform no clinical link checks.
Required materials and conditions: Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading
Materials to obtain first: Original registration/change history, protocols/SAPs, paper linkage and prespecified endpoints/denominators/success rules are needed. Infer no new URLs and perform no clinical link checks.
Further research: Material needed: Original registration/change history, protocols/SAPs, paper linkage and prespecified endpoints/denominators/success rules are needed. Infer no new URLs and perform no clinical link checks. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Paper-registration linkage, original identifiers and registration/plan reading with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N19 · Can shared reports be counted as new independent trials?

Current findings: The parent and three subclaims share four reports. Preserve the original rule against counting same-cohort qualitative material as replication.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Registration, institutions, recruitment, participants, reports/support and qualitative/quantitative cohort relationships are needed. Do not sum reports, years or sheets as new unique-trial/participant totals.
Required materials and conditions: Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships
Materials to obtain first: Registration, institutions, recruitment, participants, reports/support and qualitative/quantitative cohort relationships are needed. Do not sum reports, years or sheets as new unique-trial/participant totals.
Further research: Material needed: Registration, institutions, recruitment, participants, reports/support and qualitative/quantitative cohort relationships are needed. Do not sum reports, years or sheets as new unique-trial/participant totals. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Parent/subclaims and same-cohort report relationships with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N20 · Are total samples every endpoint's denominators?

Current findings: Preserve original sizes separately: 40 participants (21/19), 27, 42 (21/21) and 61 (32/29). Identical crossover, satisfaction, pain, medication, event, time and harm denominators have not been verified.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: All analyzed is key-trial context and is not copied to other reports. Original flow, missingness/stopping, cointerventions, analysis populations and sensitivity are needed; calculate no new totals, rates, responder counts or effects.
Required materials and conditions: Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators
Materials to obtain first: All analyzed is key-trial context and is not copied to other reports. Original flow, missingness/stopping, cointerventions, analysis populations and sensitivity are needed; calculate no new totals, rates, responder counts or effects.
Further research: Material needed: All analyzed is key-trial context and is not copied to other reports. Original flow, missingness/stopping, cointerventions, analysis populations and sensitivity are needed; calculate no new totals, rates, responder counts or effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific allocation, analysis and endpoint/time denominators with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N21 · Are research records turned into use or analgesia instructions?

Current findings: This work preserves devices, content, comparisons and safety boundaries in an evidence table. Create no new VR use/setup steps, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions, or replacement guidance.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Actual treatment/use decisions are separate. Create no methods or medication-change recommendations beyond the original text.
Required materials and conditions: Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance
Materials to obtain first: Actual treatment/use decisions are separate. Create no methods or medication-change recommendations beyond the original text.
Further research: Material needed: Actual treatment/use decisions are separate. Create no methods or medication-change recommendations beyond the original text. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original exposure/safety wording versus operational guidance with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N22 · Are subclaim grades distinguished from parent scores and axes?

Current findings: Preserve immediate-pain C, persistence D and event ?. Subclaim scores/status/axes are absent; parent C with 50 points, Caution, original axes and unrecorded precision concern immediate-pain context.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Do not fill absent subclaim fields from parent values or turn unrecorded/? into definite values. Create no new grades, scores or independence certification.
Required materials and conditions: Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context
Materials to obtain first: Do not fill absent subclaim fields from parent values or turn unrecorded/? into definite values. Create no new grades, scores or independence certification.
Further research: Material needed: Do not fill absent subclaim fields from parent values or turn unrecorded/? into definite values. Create no new grades, scores or independence certification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Subclaim grades, absent score/status/axes and parent context with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N23 · Are representative conditions copied to every report?

Current findings: Preserve parent bilingual text and representative conditions. Do not apply 40 participants, up to 30 minutes, standard care or pre-post differences as identical conditions for the 27-person crossover, 42-person satisfaction trial or 61-person persistence trial.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Original report-specific populations, devices/content, comparators, denominators, endpoints/times and English correspondence are needed. No external English comparison or clinical correction review was performed now.
Required materials and conditions: Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators
Materials to obtain first: Original report-specific populations, devices/content, comparators, denominators, endpoints/times and English correspondence are needed. No external English comparison or clinical correction review was performed now.
Further research: Material needed: Original report-specific populations, devices/content, comparators, denominators, endpoints/times and English correspondence are needed. No external English comparison or clinical correction review was performed now. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Both languages, devices/content, population, timing and denominators with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N24 · Are stored-summary and external-material reading distinguished?

Current findings: The complete stored parent summary was read for production. Historical verification, incorporation, cross-checks and same-cohort support wording are retained as history; external abstracts, full texts, registration and protocols/SAPs are unread.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: URLs, PMCID or identifiers do not establish acquisition, accessibility, reading or completed review. Actual material acquisition and review are separate events.
Required materials and conditions: Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading
Materials to obtain first: URLs, PMCID or identifiers do not establish acquisition, accessibility, reading or completed review. Actual material acquisition and review are separate events.
Further research: Material needed: URLs, PMCID or identifiers do not establish acquisition, accessibility, reading or completed review. Actual material acquisition and review are separate events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Material-specific existence, acquisition and actual reading with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N25 · How are evidence date, empty histories and production date distinguished?

Current findings: Preserve original evidence date 2026-09-07, empty corrections and empty deliberation. Retain the original 2026 report bibliography and periods; production date does not become a new evidence-verification date.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Link complete originals, versions and events when new material/corrections are obtained. No new external lookup or original-verdict change was performed.
Required materials and conditions: Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles
Materials to obtain first: Link complete originals, versions and events when new material/corrections are obtained. No new external lookup or original-verdict change was performed.
Further research: Material needed: Link complete originals, versions and events when new material/corrections are obtained. No new external lookup or original-verdict change was performed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original evidence date, correction/deliberation records and date roles with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N26 · Are material slots quality or independent-trial counts?

Current findings: The 20 material slots comprise 4 stored summaries and 16 unread external slots. They are not acquired papers, unique trials, participants, independent replications or quality scores.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Do not double-count sharing across parent/subclaims. Distinguish original trials/cohorts and actual acquisition/reading; unique-trial/participant totals remain unverified.
Required materials and conditions: Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition
Materials to obtain first: Do not double-count sharing across parent/subclaims. Distinguish original trials/cohorts and actual acquisition/reading; unique-trial/participant totals remain unverified.
Further research: Material needed: Do not double-count sharing across parent/subclaims. Distinguish original trials/cohorts and actual acquisition/reading; unique-trial/participant totals remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Production structure versus unique clinical units and actual acquisition with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04

N27 · How are new materials or changed questions updated?

Current findings: Preserve original material and production conditions/observations. Link additions or question changes to relevant comparisons, denominators, endpoints/times, reports and subclaim boundaries; no new lookup, calculation or regrading occurred now.
Verification status: Partly verified
Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread
Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
Reason for missing information: Record complete originals, criterion versions, events and reasons for change. Do not invent effects, CIs, independence or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Required materials and conditions: Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events
Materials to obtain first: Record complete originals, criterion versions, events and reasons for change. Do not invent effects, CIs, independence or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Further research: Material needed: Record complete originals, criterion versions, events and reasons for change. Do not invent effects, CIs, independence or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
Conditions for verification: Material for Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Separating criteria revisions, evidence updates and verdict-change events with during-use signals and follow-up pain persistence, exposure duration, time origin, denominators, concurrent analgesia and between-group effects/CIs, distinguishing immediate pain, satisfaction, anxiety and medication/obstetric events.
Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and the note that a during-use signal was not sustained. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent C with 50 points, Caution and unrecorded precision. Do not turn maximum exposure into post-exposure persistence or treat immediate, within-group, post-epidural or other endpoints as the same persistent effect. Nonpersistence does not establish exact effect 0, equivalence or null effects at all periods. Create no new effects, CIs, totals, independence/safety certification or VR, labor, analgesic or treatment instructions.
Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.

Related sources R01 R02 R03 R04