{
  "schema_version": "chamgap-public-criteria-1.0",
  "title": "Oral curcumin or curcuminoid supplementation across mixed formulations × Reduction of HbA1c in adults with established type 2 diabetes",
  "language": "en",
  "translation_date": "2026-10-24",
  "criteria_version": "1.0",
  "criteria_date": "2026-10-06",
  "condition_origin": "Chamgap's own application conditions",
  "method_sources": [
    {
      "id": "M03",
      "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08",
      "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03",
      "section": "§3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13",
      "official_principle": "Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.",
      "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed."
    },
    {
      "id": "M04",
      "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03",
      "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04",
      "section": "§4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42",
      "official_principle": "Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.",
      "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed."
    },
    {
      "id": "M08",
      "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10",
      "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08",
      "section": "§8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a",
      "official_principle": "Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.",
      "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed."
    },
    {
      "id": "M15",
      "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08",
      "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15",
      "section": "§15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3",
      "official_principle": "Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.",
      "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed."
    },
    {
      "id": "M19",
      "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10",
      "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19",
      "section": "§19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4",
      "official_principle": "Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.",
      "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed."
    }
  ],
  "status_dictionary": {
    "Partly verified": "Partial information from the stored summary is linked; detailed originals and content review remain incomplete.",
    "Unverified": "Required details cannot be established within the preserved scope. This does not establish absence of effects or studies, or safety.",
    "Review incomplete": "Review of existing content remains incomplete.",
    "Met": "This state is used only within the relevant conditions after material verification and content review. It was not automatically assigned in this work.",
    "Not reported": "Unreported within material actually read. Unread external material is not relabeled as unreported.",
    "Inaccessible": "This means actual access failure. External access was not attempted in this work, so this state was not assigned.",
    "Not applicable": "Used only with an application exception and reason based on the question scope.",
    "Conflicting data": "This requires actual comparison of materials; no new conflict judgment was made in this work.",
    "Insufficient evidence for the conditions": "This indicates gaps in additional material for the selected conditions. Unread material as a whole is not converted into an efficacy grade."
  },
  "requirements": [
    {
      "item_id": "N01",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Which diabetes/HbA1c question is addressed?",
      "needed": "Absolute HbA1c change with oral curcumin in adults with established type 2 diabetes",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Absolute HbA1c change with oral curcumin in adults with established type 2 diabetes is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Absolute HbA1c change with oral curcumin in adults with established type 2 diabetes must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Inclusion tables and HbA1c results by population and formulation. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N02",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are prediabetes and established diabetes distinguished?",
      "needed": "Separation of type 2 diabetes continuing usual treatment from prediabetes",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Separation of type 2 diabetes continuing usual treatment from prediabetes is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Separation of type 2 diabetes continuing usual treatment from prediabetes must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Inclusion tables and subgroup results by diagnosis. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N03",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Is this the same question as preventing diabetes onset in prediabetes?",
      "needed": "Separation of HbA1c change from prevention of diabetes onset",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Separation of HbA1c change from prevention of diabetes onset is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Separation of HbA1c change from prevention of diabetes onset must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Clinical material defining onset prevention separately. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N04",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Which products make up the mixed oral formulations?",
      "needed": "Distinguishing conventional, nano, bioavailability-enhanced and turmeric preparations",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Distinguishing conventional, nano, bioavailability-enhanced and turmeric preparations is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Distinguishing conventional, nano, bioavailability-enhanced and turmeric preparations must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial-specific product, formulation and quantification specifications. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N05",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Is the oral intervention extended to other routes?",
      "needed": "Distinguishing swallowed formulations from skin/oral topical products and combinations",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Distinguishing swallowed formulations from skin/oral topical products and combinations is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Distinguishing swallowed formulations from skin/oral topical products and combinations must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Direct comparisons separated by route and intervention. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N06",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What are the trial-specific doses and optimum dose?",
      "needed": "Approximately 80 mg to 1.5 g/day and product-specific administration/adherence",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Approximately 80 mg to 1.5 g/day and product-specific administration/adherence is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Approximately 80 mg to 1.5 g/day and product-specific administration/adherence must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial-specific dose, product, adherence and dose-response material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N07",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are duration and HbA1c measurement timepoints aligned?",
      "needed": "Trial-specific durations and measurement timepoints, mostly 8 weeks to 12 months",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Trial-specific durations and measurement timepoints, mostly 8 weeks to 12 months is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Trial-specific durations and measurement timepoints, mostly 8 weeks to 12 months must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial-specific visit, endpoint and follow-up tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N08",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are glucose-lowering medicines, usual care and curcumin contributions distinguished?",
      "needed": "Arm-specific continuation/changes of usual treatment, placebo and usual care",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Arm-specific continuation/changes of usual treatment, placebo and usual care is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Arm-specific continuation/changes of usual treatment, placebo and usual care must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial-specific concomitant medicine, care and rescue-treatment material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N09",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What is the main mixed-formulation meta-analysis report?",
      "needed": "Retained links for the Bahari report title, PMID, PMCID and DOI",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Retained links for the Bahari report title, PMID, PMCID and DOI is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Retained links for the Bahari report title, PMID, PMCID and DOI must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: The original meta-analysis, bibliography and inclusion tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N10",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What is the nano-only meta-analysis report?",
      "needed": "Retained links for the Ghoflchi report title, PMID, PMCID and DOI",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Retained links for the Ghoflchi report title, PMID, PMCID and DOI is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Retained links for the Ghoflchi report title, PMID, PMCID and DOI must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: The original nano-only meta-analysis and inclusion tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N11",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What is the scope of registration, searching and protocols?",
      "needed": "Review registration, search end date, eligibility and amendment history",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Review registration, search end date, eligibility and amendment history is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Review registration, search end date, eligibility and amendment history must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Review registration, protocol, search and selection material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N12",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Were the HbA1c endpoint and analysis choices prespecified?",
      "needed": "Endpoint hierarchy, timing and analysis of HbA1c in original trials and reviews",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Endpoint hierarchy, timing and analysis of HbA1c in original trials and reviews is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Endpoint hierarchy, timing and analysis of HbA1c in original trials and reviews must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original-trial plans, review protocols and SAPs. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N13",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Do 34 RCTs and 39 intervention arms use the same units?",
      "needed": "Trial counts, intervention-arm counts and actual endpoint denominators in the main meta-analysis",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Trial counts, intervention-arm counts and actual endpoint denominators in the main meta-analysis is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Trial counts, intervention-arm counts and actual endpoint denominators in the main meta-analysis must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: HbA1c inclusion tables, intervention arms and shared-control handling. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N14",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Which analysis is described by the nano review's 7 RCTs and 453 participants?",
      "needed": "The nano review's 7 RCTs/453 participants versus HbA1c contributing denominators",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on The nano review's 7 RCTs/453 participants versus HbA1c contributing denominators is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on The nano review's 7 RCTs/453 participants versus HbA1c contributing denominators must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Nano-review endpoint-specific inclusion tables and original-trial flow. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N15",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "How were allocation, missingness and attrition handled in original trials?",
      "needed": "Original-trial design, allocation, ITT, observation loss and synthesis handling",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Original-trial design, allocation, ITT, observation loss and synthesis handling is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Original-trial design, allocation, ITT, observation loss and synthesis handling must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original-trial methods/flow and review extraction/analysis material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N16",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are HbA1c measurement and baseline conditions comparable?",
      "needed": "Assays, units, baseline HbA1c and measurement timepoints",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Assays, units, baseline HbA1c and measurement timepoints is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Assays, units, baseline HbA1c and measurement timepoints must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Assay, baseline, timepoint and original result tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N17",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What pooled estimate is WMD −0.32 percentage points?",
      "needed": "HbA1c WMD and units across mixed populations and formulations",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on HbA1c WMD and units across mixed populations and formulations is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on HbA1c WMD and units across mixed populations and formulations must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Pooled results, model and original-trial contributions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N18",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Can the WMD be used as a particular product's effect?",
      "needed": "Separation of the pooled mean from formulation/product-specific direct effects",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Separation of the pooled mean from formulation/product-specific direct effects is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Separation of the pooled mean from formulation/product-specific direct effects must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Product-specific direct comparisons and subgroup material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N19",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are the mixed estimate's interval and heterogeneity retained together?",
      "needed": "WMD 95% CI and significant heterogeneity",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on WMD 95% CI and significant heterogeneity is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on WMD 95% CI and significant heterogeneity must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Heterogeneity, prediction-interval and sensitivity material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N20",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What result is the nano-only SMD 0.19?",
      "needed": "Nano-only HbA1c SMD, 95% CI and no-significant-difference result",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Nano-only HbA1c SMD, 95% CI and no-significant-difference result is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Nano-only HbA1c SMD, 95% CI and no-significant-difference result must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Nano pooled model and original-trial results. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N21",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are WMD and SMD compared directly as numbers?",
      "needed": "Distinguishing absolute percentage points from standardized effect sizes",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Distinguishing absolute percentage points from standardized effect sizes is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Distinguishing absolute percentage points from standardized effect sizes must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Effect-unit, standardization and analysis-contract material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N22",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What do the nano-only no-significant-difference result and wide interval mean?",
      "needed": "Distinguishing the null description from uncertainty and the effect range",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Distinguishing the null description from uncertainty and the effect range is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Distinguishing the null description from uncertainty and the effect range must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Nano results, precision and product-specific material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N23",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Do the reviews share original trials?",
      "needed": "Overlap among reports, original trials, intervention arms and participants",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Overlap among reports, original trials, intervention arms and participants is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Overlap among reports, original trials, intervention arms and participants must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Review inclusion lists and report–trial linkage tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N24",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "How are original-trial formulation, population and duration differences retained?",
      "needed": "Heterogeneity by prediabetes/T2D, formulation, dose and duration",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Heterogeneity by prediabetes/T2D, formulation, dose and duration is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Heterogeneity by prediabetes/T2D, formulation, dose and duration must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Subgroup inclusion, effect and planning material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N25",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Is the approximately 0.3–0.5-point description additional independent evidence?",
      "needed": "Descriptions of directions across meta-analyses versus actual independent-trial relationships",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Descriptions of directions across meta-analyses versus actual independent-trial relationships is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Descriptions of directions across meta-analyses versus actual independent-trial relationships must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Additional review bibliography, inclusion tables and overlap links. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N26",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Is the HbA1c benefit clinically important?",
      "needed": "Importance of absolute change, baseline HbA1c and clinical events",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Importance of absolute change, baseline HbA1c and clinical events is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Importance of absolute change, baseline HbA1c and clinical events must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Importance, baseline-condition and clinical-outcome material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N27",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What is the scope of funding and no-conflict statements?",
      "needed": "Separating review funding/author declarations from original-trial funding",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Separating review funding/author declarations from original-trial funding is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Separating review funding/author declarations from original-trial funding must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Review and original-trial funding/role statements. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N28",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are product support, employee authorship and conflicts separately verified?",
      "needed": "Distinguishing manufacturer product provision, author employment, conflicts and funding",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Distinguishing manufacturer product provision, author employment, conflicts and funding is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Distinguishing manufacturer product provision, author employment, conflicts and funding must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original support, author-affiliation and conflict disclosures. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N29",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "How were harms in the same populations and formulations collected?",
      "needed": "Gastrointestinal symptoms, arm-specific collection and exposure denominators",
      "role": "Supplementary",
      "role_reason": "Material on Gastrointestinal symptoms, arm-specific collection and exposure denominators is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Gastrointestinal symptoms, arm-specific collection and exposure denominators must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Product-specific adverse-event, collection and denominator material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N30",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Are formulation-specific interactions, vulnerable groups and longer-term harms alike?",
      "needed": "Anticoagulants/antiplatelets, liver/biliary disease, perioperative use and longer exposure",
      "role": "Supplementary",
      "role_reason": "Material on Anticoagulants/antiplatelets, liver/biliary disease, perioperative use and longer exposure is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Anticoagulants/antiplatelets, liver/biliary disease, perioperative use and longer exposure must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Product, concomitant-medicine and longer-term harm material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N31",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "Is this extended to medicine replacement or complication prevention?",
      "needed": "Separating add-on HbA1c effects from treatment replacement and complication events",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Separating add-on HbA1c effects from treatment replacement and complication events is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Separating add-on HbA1c effects from treatment replacement and complication events must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Clinical outcomes for treatment replacement and complications. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N32",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What records are the current Korean/English wording, corrections and C/50?",
      "needed": "Preserving current English wording, the 2-field correction, grade, score, axes and historical checking",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Preserving current English wording, the 2-field correction, grade, score, axes and historical checking is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Preserving current English wording, the 2-field correction, grade, score, axes and historical checking must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Before/after correction, feedback and additional original material. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    },
    {
      "item_id": "N33",
      "question_type": "Evidence condition",
      "question": "What are the dates, empty original records and actual reading scope?",
      "needed": "Original evidence/correction dates, empty values and stored-summary/external-unread scope",
      "role": "Required",
      "role_reason": "Material on Original evidence/correction dates, empty values and stored-summary/external-unread scope is needed to connect the relevant formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominator, trial overlap or harm scope.",
      "application_exception": "Prediabetes and established diabetes, mixed formulations and individual products, trials/arms/participants, and WMD percentage points versus SMD remain distinct. A pooled mean is not extended to guaranteed product effects, medicine replacement, complication prevention or overall safety.",
      "criterion": "Original records on Original evidence/correction dates, empty values and stored-summary/external-unread scope must link to the relevant report, original trial, intervention arm, participant, endpoint, timepoint, effect units and denominator, distinguishing stored information from what remains unverified.",
      "basis": "Existing principles distinguish formulation, oral route, diagnosis, endpoint, duration, comparator, effect units, denominators, original-trial overlap, support and harms in the retained curcumin record.",
      "condition_origin": "These existing conditions are linked to the stored curcumin record. They explain material gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.",
      "proposed_research": "Material needed: Needed original material, subgroup analyses and plans when supplied. This records needed materials; no new research was executed."
    }
  ]
}