{ "schema_version": "chamgap-public-evidence-check-1.0", "public_id": "v3023-main", "verdict_number": "3023", "title": "Single-ingredient oral vitamin C supplementation × Prevention of incident pneumonia", "view_version": "1.0", "view_created_date": "2026-10-23", "criteria_version": "1.0", "criteria_date": "2026-10-06", "review_date": null, "legacy_evidence_date": "2026-09-07", "review_scope": { "materials_read": "Existing review summaries and stored records of methodological application", "clinical_papers_directly_read": false, "new_clinical_search": false, "limitation": "Existing stored summary and preserved methodology application records. External papers, abstracts, registration, protocols, SAPs, original result tables and support disclosures are unread, and review of existing content remains incomplete.", "date_meaning": "This is the date the stored materials were checked, not the date of a new search of the clinical literature." }, "claim_context": { "population": "The population comprises physically stressed groups such as military trainees or people with low intake. Marine recruits in the original trial remain separate from low-intake populations; age, sex, selection, nutrition and baseline infection risk remain unverified by study. Findings are not automatically generalized to contemporary general populations.", "intervention": "The intervention is a single-ingredient oral ascorbic acid supplement. Feedstock, manufacturing process, country, batch and study-specific tablet/capsule, salt, excipients and actual content remain unverified. Foods, combinations and intravenous infusion are not automatically included.", "dose": "The original range is 1 to 2 g/day. Study-specific actual doses, frequency, adherence, baseline dietary intake and duration mapping remain unverified. This is not converted into one optimal dose, a cumulative dose or individual dosing guidance.", "comparator": "The comparator is placebo or no supplementation. The marine-recruit record describes a double-blind placebo prevention trial, but study-specific placebo contents, appearance, no-supplement care and shared diet, training, environment and infection management remain unverified.", "endpoint": "The endpoint is newly diagnosed pneumonia. Diagnostic criteria, imaging/clinical tests, assessors, exclusion of existing pneumonia, event timing and prespecified primary status in the original trial remain unverified. Colds, composite pulmonary complications and recovery from existing pneumonia remain separate.", "duration": "The original range is 8 to 14 weeks. Study-specific dosing, follow-up, visits, pneumonia diagnosis, discontinuation timing and effects beyond that period remain unverified. Duration alone does not establish actual events, harm causality or cumulative doses.", "excluded_extensions": [ "This question concerns single-ingredient oral vitamin C and prevention of new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. It is not extended to foods, combinations, intravenous dosing, treatment of existing pneumonia or sepsis.", "The existing grade C·54 points·Caution, stored assessment values, Korean and English explanations and evidence date 2026-09-07 are retained. Historical wording about an independent cross-check does not establish current reading of external original material, regrading or official methodological assessment.", "The 674 people in the marine-recruit abstract are not converted into overall randomized, completer, pneumonia-analysis or harm denominators. Group sizes, exclusions, events, participant totals and total follow-up are not inferred.", "The review’s 1 versus 7 events remain unadopted because comparison with original-paper event counts and confidence intervals failed historically. They are not promoted to verified original counts or used to newly calculate totals, RR, RD, CI or incidence rates.", "The pooled RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.06 to 3.61 from 2 old prevention studies is a stored review value. It is not converted into an individual effect from the Pitt trial or a personal general-population preventive effect, and prevention/treatment or route-specific outcomes are not merged.", "The review title’s prevention and treatment scope remains separate from the selected oral prevention question. Included-trial lists, Pitt’s review inclusion, extraction mapping and unique trial/participant counts remain unverified; original trials, reviews and citations are not added as independent replications.", "Colds, composite respiratory outcomes and recovery during pneumonia treatment differ from new pneumonia. Events are not summed into an incidence rate while overlap of the same patients between early/late VAP remains unverified.", "Very low certainty is a stored description concerning the original review. Original GRADE/RoB tables and downgrading reasons are unread; no official assessment is established here. Wide intervals are not converted into established prevention, a precise null effect or equivalence, and general-population absolute differences or NNTs are not calculated.", "Existing caution about diarrhea, gastrointestinal discomfort, stone risk, kidney disease and iron overload with high oral doses is retained. Limited trial-specific harm records are not converted into no events, overall safety or confirmed contraindications; no new incidence rate, causality or individual dosing guidance is created." ] }, "requirements": [ { "item_id": "N01", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Which vitamin C and pneumonia-prevention question is selected?", "needed": "Single-ingredient oral supplementation, high-stress/low-intake population, new pneumonia, comparison and duration", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Single-ingredient oral supplementation, high-stress/low-intake population, new pneumonia, comparison and duration is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Single-ingredient oral supplementation, high-stress/low-intake population, new pneumonia, comparison and duration must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Review of the independent question boundary remains incomplete, and separate detailed-claim records are empty. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The selected question concerns single-ingredient oral vitamin C and prevention of new pneumonia in physically stressed populations such as military trainees or people with low intake.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Review of the independent question boundary remains incomplete, and separate detailed-claim records are empty.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Review of the independent question boundary remains incomplete, and separate detailed-claim records are empty." }, { "item_id": "N02", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What is known about the purified nutrient’s feedstock and manufacture?", "needed": "Feedstock, manufacturing process, country, batch and nonapplicability of plant part", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Feedstock, manufacturing process, country, batch and nonapplicability of plant part is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Feedstock, manufacturing process, country, batch and nonapplicability of plant part must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Exact feedstock, manufacture, country and batch information is needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The material is a purified nutrient; feedstock, manufacturing process and country remain unverified. Plant part is recorded as not applicable.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Exact feedstock, manufacture, country and batch information is needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Exact feedstock, manufacture, country and batch information is needed." }, { "item_id": "N03", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Which tablet/capsule, salt and excipients were used?", "needed": "Single-ingredient ascorbic acid and study-specific formulation, salt, excipients and content", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Single-ingredient ascorbic acid and study-specific formulation, salt, excipients and content is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Single-ingredient ascorbic acid and study-specific formulation, salt, excipients and content must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Actual products, content, formulations, salts, excipients and quality records are needed by study. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original formulation is a single-ingredient ascorbic acid supplement. Unverified study-specific tablet/capsule, salt and excipient details remain separate.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Actual products, content, formulations, salts, excipients and quality records are needed by study.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Actual products, content, formulations, salts, excipients and quality records are needed by study." }, { "item_id": "N04", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Do foods, combinations and intravenous dosing address the same question?", "needed": "Separation of single-ingredient oral supplements from foods, combinations, intravenous dosing and other exposures", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Separation of single-ingredient oral supplements from foods, combinations, intravenous dosing and other exposures is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Separation of single-ingredient oral supplements from foods, combinations, intravenous dosing and other exposures must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Direct effects of other routes, foods and combinations for the same prevention question remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The selected route is oral; food intake, combinations and intravenous infusion are not automatically included.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Direct effects of other routes, foods and combinations for the same prevention question remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Direct effects of other routes, foods and combinations for the same prevention question remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N05", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What study-specific doses does 1 to 2 g/day represent?", "needed": "Study-specific actual doses, frequency, adherence and baseline intake", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Study-specific actual doses, frequency, adherence and baseline intake is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Study-specific actual doses, frequency, adherence and baseline intake must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Exact doses, frequency, duration mapping, actual adherence and baseline dietary intake are needed by study. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original range is 1 to 2 g/day. It is not converted into one optimal dose or individual dosing guidance.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Exact doses, frequency, duration mapping, actual adherence and baseline dietary intake are needed by study.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Exact doses, frequency, duration mapping, actual adherence and baseline dietary intake are needed by study." }, { "item_id": "N06", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do 8 to 14 weeks of dosing map to pneumonia follow-up?", "needed": "Study-specific dosing, diagnosis, follow-up, visits, completion and discontinuation timing", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Study-specific dosing, diagnosis, follow-up, visits, completion and discontinuation timing is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Study-specific dosing, diagnosis, follow-up, visits, completion and discontinuation timing must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Exact study-specific dosing/follow-up periods, visit/diagnosis timing and persistence beyond that period remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original duration range is 8 to 14 weeks.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Exact study-specific dosing/follow-up periods, visit/diagnosis timing and persistence beyond that period remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Exact study-specific dosing/follow-up periods, visit/diagnosis timing and persistence beyond that period remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N07", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Who were the military-training or low-intake populations?", "needed": "Training, physical stress, low intake, eligibility and baseline status", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Training, physical stress, low intake, eligibility and baseline status is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Training, physical stress, low intake, eligibility and baseline status must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Group-specific age, sex, exposure, selection, baseline infection/nutrition and relevance to contemporary general populations remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original population comprises high-stress groups such as military trainees or people with low intake; the original trial concerned marine recruits.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Group-specific age, sex, exposure, selection, baseline infection/nutrition and relevance to contemporary general populations remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Group-specific age, sex, exposure, selection, baseline infection/nutrition and relevance to contemporary general populations remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N08", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How were low intake and vitamin C status measured?", "needed": "Dietary intake, blood status, deficiency criteria, other supplements and baseline risk", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Dietary intake, blood status, deficiency criteria, other supplements and baseline risk is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Dietary intake, blood status, deficiency criteria, other supplements and baseline risk must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Study-specific intake, blood status, deficiency criteria, other nutritional supplements and baseline risk are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The existing description distinguishes low-intake populations from high-stress populations when explaining prevention.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Study-specific intake, blood status, deficiency criteria, other nutritional supplements and baseline risk are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Study-specific intake, blood status, deficiency criteria, other nutritional supplements and baseline risk are needed." }, { "item_id": "N09", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What shared care did placebo or no-supplement groups receive?", "needed": "Placebo, no supplementation, shared care, diet, nutrition and infection management", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Placebo, no supplementation, shared care, diet, nutrition and infection management is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Placebo, no supplementation, shared care, diet, nutrition and infection management must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Study-specific placebo contents/appearance, no-supplement care and shared exposures/treatments remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original comparison is placebo or no supplementation. R01 is recorded as a double-blind placebo prevention trial.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Study-specific placebo contents/appearance, no-supplement care and shared exposures/treatments remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Study-specific placebo contents/appearance, no-supplement care and shared exposures/treatments remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N10", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How was newly diagnosed pneumonia defined?", "needed": "Pneumonia diagnostic criteria, exclusion of existing pneumonia, assessment and event timing", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Pneumonia diagnostic criteria, exclusion of existing pneumonia, assessment and event timing is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Pneumonia diagnostic criteria, exclusion of existing pneumonia, assessment and event timing must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original-trial diagnostic criteria, imaging/clinical tests, assessors, exclusion of existing pneumonia and event timing are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The selected endpoint is newly diagnosed pneumonia.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original-trial diagnostic criteria, imaging/clinical tests, assessors, exclusion of existing pneumonia and event timing are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original-trial diagnostic criteria, imaging/clinical tests, assessors, exclusion of existing pneumonia and event timing are needed." }, { "item_id": "N11", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Are recovery and treatment of existing pneumonia the same outcome?", "needed": "Separation of preventive exposure/new incidence from treatment, recovery and duration of existing pneumonia", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Separation of preventive exposure/new incidence from treatment, recovery and duration of existing pneumonia is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Separation of preventive exposure/new incidence from treatment, recovery and duration of existing pneumonia must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Treatment duration, recovery and severity outcomes for existing pneumonia are not established as direct evidence for this prevention question. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "Treatment of existing pneumonia, sepsis and intravenous dosing are excluded from this prevention question. Recovery during treatment differs from prevention of new disease.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Treatment duration, recovery and severity outcomes for existing pneumonia are not established as direct evidence for this prevention question.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Treatment duration, recovery and severity outcomes for existing pneumonia are not established as direct evidence for this prevention question." }, { "item_id": "N12", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Can colds or composite respiratory outcomes be read as pneumonia events?", "needed": "Disease-specific events/denominators, pneumonia extraction and composite-outcome components/definitions", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Disease-specific events/denominators, pneumonia extraction and composite-outcome components/definitions is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Disease-specific events/denominators, pneumonia extraction and composite-outcome components/definitions must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Disease-specific events/denominators, pneumonia extraction and composite-outcome components/definitions are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "R01 covered respiratory infections such as colds; prespecified primary status of pneumonia remains unverified. Composite pulmonary-complication scores remain separate from new pneumonia.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Disease-specific events/denominators, pneumonia extraction and composite-outcome components/definitions are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Disease-specific events/denominators, pneumonia extraction and composite-outcome components/definitions are needed." }, { "item_id": "N13", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Did early and late VAP include the same patients?", "needed": "Patient/event units, early/late overlap, time at risk and total denominator", "role": "Supplementary; required when extending to VAP events", "role_reason": "Material on Patient/event units, early/late overlap, time at risk and total denominator is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Patient/event units, early/late overlap, time at risk and total denominator must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original patient/event lists, overlap, time at risk and total denominator remain unverified. This supplementary item becomes required when extending to VAP events. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The existing boundary is retained: the same patient may overlap between early and late VAP, so an overall incidence rate cannot be constructed without original data.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original patient/event lists, overlap, time at risk and total denominator remain unverified. This supplementary item becomes required when extending to VAP events.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original patient/event lists, overlap, time at risk and total denominator remain unverified. This supplementary item becomes required when extending to VAP events." }, { "item_id": "N14", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What is stored about the marine-recruit trial?", "needed": "Pitt·Costrini 1979, blinded prevention trial, abstract 674 and unadopted original events", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Pitt·Costrini 1979, blinded prevention trial, abstract 674 and unadopted original events is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Pitt·Costrini 1979, blinded prevention trial, abstract 674 and unadopted original events must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Overall allocation, exclusions, pneumonia denominators, original-paper pneumonia events/CI and prespecified endpoint hierarchy are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The stored report is Vitamin C prophylaxis in marine recruits; the original citation is JAMA 1979;241(9):908–911.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Overall allocation, exclusions, pneumonia denominators, original-paper pneumonia events/CI and prespecified endpoint hierarchy are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Overall allocation, exclusions, pneumonia denominators, original-paper pneumonia events/CI and prespecified endpoint hierarchy are needed." }, { "item_id": "N15", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What kind of count is the reported 674 people?", "needed": "Separation of abstract counts from allocation, exclusion, completer, analysis and pneumonia denominators", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Separation of abstract counts from allocation, exclusion, completer, analysis and pneumonia denominators is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Separation of abstract counts from allocation, exclusion, completer, analysis and pneumonia denominators must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Group allocation, completer/pneumonia denominators and eligible-event mapping are needed; 674 is also not used as a harm denominator. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original record identifies 674 people as an abstract count. Overall randomized, excluded and pneumonia-analysis denominators were not verified in the original paper.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Group allocation, completer/pneumonia denominators and eligible-event mapping are needed; 674 is also not used as a harm denominator.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Group allocation, completer/pneumonia denominators and eligible-event mapping are needed; 674 is also not used as a harm denominator." }, { "item_id": "N16", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Why were the review’s 1 versus 7 events not adopted?", "needed": "Review counts versus original-trial direct events, denominators, CI and the nonadoption decision", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Review counts versus original-trial direct events, denominators, CI and the nonadoption decision is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Review counts versus original-trial direct events, denominators, CI and the nonadoption decision must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original-trial direct events, denominators, CI and review-extraction/original-table mapping are needed. Totals, effects and intervals are not calculated. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "Because historical comparison with original-paper event counts and CI failed, the review’s 1 versus 7 events were not adopted as verified values.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original-trial direct events, denominators, CI and review-extraction/original-table mapping are needed. Totals, effects and intervals are not calculated.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original-trial direct events, denominators, CI and review-extraction/original-table mapping are needed. Totals, effects and intervals are not calculated." }, { "item_id": "N17", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do historical abstract checking and failed comparison differ from current reading?", "needed": "Separation of historical searching, abstract and comparison records from current stored-summary reading", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Separation of historical searching, abstract and comparison records from current stored-summary reading is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Separation of historical searching, abstract and comparison records from current stored-summary reading must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Only the stored summary was read here; external abstract/full-text access was not attempted. Historical failure is not labeled as a current access failure. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "Historical abstract checking, unverified registration/plans and failed comparison of original events remain preserved historical records.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Only the stored summary was read here; external abstract/full-text access was not attempted. Historical failure is not labeled as a current access failure.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Only the stored summary was read here; external abstract/full-text access was not attempted. Historical failure is not labeled as a current access failure." }, { "item_id": "N18", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What result do Cochrane’s RR 0.46 and CI describe?", "needed": "Pooled RR, 95% CI, events, denominators and extraction for 2 prevention studies", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Pooled RR, 95% CI, events, denominators and extraction for 2 prevention studies is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Pooled RR, 95% CI, events, denominators and extraction for 2 prevention studies must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: The original forest plot, study-specific events/denominators, weights, prevention subgroup analysis and methods remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original review citation contains a historical description of RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.06 to 3.61 and very low certainty for 2 prevention studies.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "The original forest plot, study-specific events/denominators, weights, prevention subgroup analysis and methods remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "The original forest plot, study-specific events/denominators, weights, prevention subgroup analysis and methods remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N19", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Do 2 prevention studies and two citations mean the same count?", "needed": "Original trials, reviews, citations, included prevention trials, report families and participant overlap", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Original trials, reviews, citations, included prevention trials, report families and participant overlap is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Original trials, reviews, citations, included prevention trials, report families and participant overlap must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Exact inclusion/family mapping of the 2 prevention trials, Pitt review inclusion/extraction and unique participant totals remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original manuscript describes 2 old oral prevention studies, while the stored evidence list has 1 entry and the bibliography has 2 entries for an original trial and a review.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Exact inclusion/family mapping of the 2 prevention trials, Pitt review inclusion/extraction and unique participant totals remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Exact inclusion/family mapping of the 2 prevention trials, Pitt review inclusion/extraction and unique participant totals remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N20", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How are prevention data separated within a prevention/treatment review?", "needed": "Review prevention/treatment, route, population, inclusion and extraction scope", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Review prevention/treatment, route, population, inclusion and extraction scope is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Review prevention/treatment, route, population, inclusion and extraction scope must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: The review’s prevention/treatment and route-specific inclusion lists, timing, denominators and mapping to the stored pooled estimate are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The review title is Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia. The current question is oral prevention.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "The review’s prevention/treatment and route-specific inclusion lists, timing, denominators and mapping to the stored pooled estimate are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "The review’s prevention/treatment and route-specific inclusion lists, timing, denominators and mapping to the stored pooled estimate are needed." }, { "item_id": "N21", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How does the review’s search scope differ from the manuscript date?", "needed": "Search sources, strategy, dates, eligibility, selection, unpublished materials and manuscript date", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Search sources, strategy, dates, eligibility, selection, unpublished materials and manuscript date is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Search sources, strategy, dates, eligibility, selection, unpublished materials and manuscript date must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: The review’s actual search cutoff, strategy, selection flow, unpublished/registry search and the manuscript’s evidence-search scope remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The bibliography contains a 1979 original trial and a 2021 review; the original evidence date is 2026-09-07.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "The review’s actual search cutoff, strategy, selection flow, unpublished/registry search and the manuscript’s evidence-search scope remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "The review’s actual search cutoff, strategy, selection flow, unpublished/registry search and the manuscript’s evidence-search scope remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N22", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Was pneumonia a prespecified primary endpoint in the original trial?", "needed": "Registration, protocol, analysis plan and the hierarchy of respiratory outcomes and pneumonia", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Registration, protocol, analysis plan and the hierarchy of respiratory outcomes and pneumonia is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Registration, protocol, analysis plan and the hierarchy of respiratory outcomes and pneumonia must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original plans, registration, pneumonia prespecification, analyses and timing-change records are needed. The page’s selected endpoint does not verify prespecification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "R01 covered respiratory infections such as colds; whether pneumonia was a prespecified primary endpoint remains unverified.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original plans, registration, pneumonia prespecification, analyses and timing-change records are needed. The page’s selected endpoint does not verify prespecification.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original plans, registration, pneumonia prespecification, analyses and timing-change records are needed. The page’s selected endpoint does not verify prespecification." }, { "item_id": "N23", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What were the original trials’ allocation structures and baseline balance?", "needed": "Allocation units, random sequence, concealment, baseline nutrition and exposure balance", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Allocation units, random sequence, concealment, baseline nutrition and exposure balance is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Allocation units, random sequence, concealment, baseline nutrition and exposure balance must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Study-specific allocation units, sequence, concealment, baseline balance and randomization mapping are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "R01 is recorded as a double-blind placebo prevention trial, but its overall randomized denominator remains unverified.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Study-specific allocation units, sequence, concealment, baseline balance and randomization mapping are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Study-specific allocation units, sequence, concealment, baseline balance and randomization mapping are needed." }, { "item_id": "N24", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How were double blinding and pneumonia detection conducted?", "needed": "Role-specific blinding, placebo, assessors, pneumonia diagnosis, detection and classification", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Role-specific blinding, placebo, assessors, pneumonia diagnosis, detection and classification is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Role-specific blinding, placebo, assessors, pneumonia diagnosis, detection and classification must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Who was blinded, pneumonia diagnosis/interpretation/detection and differences in respiratory-disease classification or surveillance remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "A double-blind placebo design description is stored for R01.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Who was blinded, pneumonia diagnosis/interpretation/detection and differences in respiratory-disease classification or surveillance remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Who was blinded, pneumonia diagnosis/interpretation/detection and differences in respiratory-disease classification or surveillance remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N25", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How did actual supplementation, training and infection management differ?", "needed": "Supplement use, deviations, diet, training, environment, concurrent treatment and shared care", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Supplement use, deviations, diet, training, environment, concurrent treatment and shared care is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Supplement use, deviations, diet, training, environment, concurrent treatment and shared care must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Adherence, changes, training, environment, diet, concurrent treatment, management differences and analysis handling are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The selected question concerns preventive oral supplementation in high-stress or low-intake populations.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Adherence, changes, training, environment, diet, concurrent treatment, management differences and analysis handling are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Adherence, changes, training, environment, diet, concurrent treatment, management differences and analysis handling are needed." }, { "item_id": "N26", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Who was missing from pneumonia-incidence assessment?", "needed": "Allocation, exclusions, pneumonia analysis, attrition, follow-up time, ITT/PP and missing data", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Allocation, exclusions, pneumonia analysis, attrition, follow-up time, ITT/PP and missing data is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Allocation, exclusions, pneumonia analysis, attrition, follow-up time, ITT/PP and missing data must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Study-specific exclusions, attrition/reasons, completed pneumonia assessment, follow-up time, ITT/PP and missing-data handling are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "R01’s overall randomized, excluded and pneumonia-analysis denominators were not verified in the original paper.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Study-specific exclusions, attrition/reasons, completed pneumonia assessment, follow-up time, ITT/PP and missing-data handling are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Study-specific exclusions, attrition/reasons, completed pneumonia assessment, follow-up time, ITT/PP and missing-data handling are needed." }, { "item_id": "N27", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How was the RR pooled across the two prevention studies?", "needed": "Individual effects, events, denominators, model, weights, heterogeneity and analysis units", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Individual effects, events, denominators, model, weights, heterogeneity and analysis units is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Individual effects, events, denominators, model, weights, heterogeneity and analysis units must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original individual effects/counts, model, weights, I²/τ², zero-event/cluster handling and prediction intervals are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The stored estimate is RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.06 to 3.61. Trials with different doses, durations or populations are not treated as one interchangeable effect.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original individual effects/counts, model, weights, I²/τ², zero-event/cluster handling and prediction intervals are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original individual effects/counts, model, weights, I²/τ², zero-event/cluster handling and prediction intervals are needed." }, { "item_id": "N28", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Does very low certainty represent a new official assessment here?", "needed": "The original review’s certainty, risk assessment, tools, domains and downgrading reasons", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on The original review’s certainty, risk assessment, tools, domains and downgrading reasons is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on The original review’s certainty, risk assessment, tools, domains and downgrading reasons must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original GRADE/RoB tables, domains and downgrading reasons are unread; no new official assessment was performed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original citation’s very low certainty and the existing description’s limits of poor precision, age, scarcity and specialized populations are retained.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original GRADE/RoB tables, domains and downgrading reasons are unread; no new official assessment was performed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original GRADE/RoB tables, domains and downgrading reasons are unread; no new official assessment was performed." }, { "item_id": "N29", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What uncertainty remains with RR 0.46 and the wide 0.06 to 3.61 interval?", "needed": "Original events, denominators, effect interval, prespecified important difference and interpretation scope", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Original events, denominators, effect interval, prespecified important difference and interpretation scope is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Original events, denominators, effect interval, prespecified important difference and interpretation scope must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original counts, exact effect of interest, prespecified important difference, interval method and population-specific precision remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The existing description records that the 95% CI includes no effect and large benefit and does not establish general-population prevention.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original counts, exact effect of interest, prespecified important difference, interval method and population-specific precision remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original counts, exact effect of interest, prespecified important difference, interval method and population-specific precision remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N30", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Can the absolute preventive effect in the general population be determined?", "needed": "Population-specific baseline risk, events, denominators, absolute differences and patient importance", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Population-specific baseline risk, events, denominators, absolute differences and patient importance is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Population-specific baseline risk, events, denominators, absolute differences and patient importance must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Baseline pneumonia risk, absolute differences, NNT, importance and persistence for the general population or current target group remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The existing boundary that military and low-intake findings cannot be generalized to the general population is retained.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Baseline pneumonia risk, absolute differences, NNT, importance and persistence for the general population or current target group remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Baseline pneumonia risk, absolute differences, NNT, importance and persistence for the general population or current target group remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N31", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How are original trials, reviews and independent replication distinguished?", "needed": "Report families, the review’s prevention subset, same trials, teams and unique participants", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Report families, the review’s prevention subset, same trials, teams and unique participants is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Report families, the review’s prevention subset, same trials, teams and unique participants must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Direct replication for the same route/population/endpoint, review-inclusion mapping and unique trial/team/participant counts remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The older sparse studies’ direction toward reduction and the existing assessment values R0/I2 are retained. The two citations represent an original trial and a review.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Direct replication for the same route/population/endpoint, review-inclusion mapping and unique trial/team/participant counts remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Direct replication for the same route/population/endpoint, review-inclusion mapping and unique trial/team/participant counts remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N32", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What supported the original trial and the review?", "needed": "Cash, products, manufacturers, employment, authors, COI and analysis roles", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Cash, products, manufacturers, employment, authors, COI and analysis roles is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Cash, products, manufacturers, employment, authors, COI and analysis roles must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Report-specific cash/product support, affiliations, COI and analysis/manufacturing roles are needed. Unverified is not converted into no involvement. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "R01’s exact funding and manufacturer involvement remain unverified. Review-support details are also not recorded in the stored citation.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Report-specific cash/product support, affiliations, COI and analysis/manufacturing roles are needed. Unverified is not converted into no involvement.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Report-specific cash/product support, affiliations, COI and analysis/manufacturing roles are needed. Unverified is not converted into no involvement." }, { "item_id": "N33", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What bibliographic identities and materials actually read are recorded?", "needed": "PMID, DOI, registration, original-trial/review URLs, stored summaries and unread external materials", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on PMID, DOI, registration, original-trial/review URLs, stored summaries and unread external materials is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on PMID, DOI, registration, original-trial/review URLs, stored summaries and unread external materials must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: External abstracts, full text, registration, plans, supplements and the full review are unread; access was not attempted. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original trial is linked by PMID 368370·DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016, and the review by PMID 34791642. Stored summaries were read here.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "External abstracts, full text, registration, plans, supplements and the full review are unread; access was not attempted.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "External abstracts, full text, registration, plans, supplements and the full review are unread; access was not attempted." }, { "item_id": "N34", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What do 2026-09-07 and empty correction records mean?", "needed": "Separation of evidence date, publication dates, review dates, correction records and preparation date", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Separation of evidence date, publication dates, review dates, correction records and preparation date is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Separation of evidence date, publication dates, review dates, correction records and preparation date must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: There is no current search, external-reading or clinical-review completion date; the original material’s search cutoff also remains unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original evidence date is 2026-09-07, and correction records are empty. Original citation years are 1979 and 2021.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "There is no current search, external-reading or clinical-review completion date; the original material’s search cutoff also remains unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "There is no current search, external-reading or clinical-review completion date; the original material’s search cutoff also remains unverified." }, { "item_id": "N35", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How are nonadoption and historical records retained across languages?", "needed": "674, prespecification, unadopted events, pooled estimates, prevention/treatment and existing question boundaries", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on 674, prespecification, unadopted events, pooled estimates, prevention/treatment and existing question boundaries is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on 674, prespecification, unadopted events, pooled estimates, prevention/treatment and existing question boundaries must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Detailed Korean/English correspondence to external original material remains unreviewed. Correction of original material remains separate from this reader translation. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original Korean/English descriptions distinguish 674 people, unverified denominators/counts, RR/CI and treatment/IV exclusions. Existing questions 043 and 1579 are not regraded.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Detailed Korean/English correspondence to external original material remains unreviewed. Correction of original material remains separate from this reader translation.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Detailed Korean/English correspondence to external original material remains unreviewed. Correction of original material remains separate from this reader translation." }, { "item_id": "N36", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What do C·54 points and existing assessment values represent?", "needed": "Original grade, score, caution, assessment values, verdict history and presence of human research", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Original grade, score, caution, assessment values, verdict history and presence of human research is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Original grade, score, caution, assessment values, verdict history and presence of human research must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: No current external clinical validation or official methodological certification was performed. Unverified original events are not converted into absence of human research. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The original C·54 points·Caution, B/H/R0/I2/EX/B2/C0 and no-human-study flag false are retained. Historical independent-cross-check wording remains a historical record.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "No current external clinical validation or official methodological certification was performed. Unverified original events are not converted into absence of human research.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "No current external clinical validation or official methodological certification was performed. Unverified original events are not converted into absence of human research." }, { "item_id": "N37", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How were harms collected in high-dose oral trials?", "needed": "Definitions of diarrhea/abdominal discomfort, group events, denominators, discontinuation, missing data and duration", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Definitions of diarrhea/abdominal discomfort, group events, denominators, discontinuation, missing data and duration is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Definitions of diarrhea/abdominal discomfort, group events, denominators, discontinuation, missing data and duration must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Study-specific event counts, collection methods, group harm denominators, discontinuation, missing data and timing are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The existing description records possible diarrhea/gastrointestinal discomfort and limited trial-specific adverse-event data.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Study-specific event counts, collection methods, group harm denominators, discontinuation, missing data and timing are needed.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Study-specific event counts, collection methods, group harm denominators, discontinuation, missing data and timing are needed." }, { "item_id": "N38", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What is known about harm onset, recovery and alternative exposures?", "needed": "Event timing, changes after stopping, re-exposure, baseline disease, concomitant exposures and other causes", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Event timing, changes after stopping, re-exposure, baseline disease, concomitant exposures and other causes is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Event timing, changes after stopping, re-exposure, baseline disease, concomitant exposures and other causes must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Individual event timing, improvement after stopping, re-exposure, concomitant nutrition, disease and other causes remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The stored record describes high oral doses, an 8 to 14 week range and general gastrointestinal caution.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Individual event timing, improvement after stopping, re-exposure, concomitant nutrition, disease and other causes remain unverified.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Individual event timing, improvement after stopping, re-exposure, concomitant nutrition, disease and other causes remain unverified." }, { "item_id": "N39", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What remains unknown about stones, kidney disease, iron overload and long-term/rare harms?", "needed": "Caution groups, formulation, exposure, actual events, denominators, long-term, rare and concomitant harms", "role": "Supplementary; required for the corresponding harm/long-term claim", "role_reason": "Material on Caution groups, formulation, exposure, actual events, denominators, long-term, rare and concomitant harms is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Caution groups, formulation, exposure, actual events, denominators, long-term, rare and concomitant harms must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Population-specific actual events/denominators and long-term, rare and concomitant harms remain unverified. This supplementary item is required for the corresponding harm/long-term claim. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The existing description of high-dose gastrointestinal discomfort and caution with stone risk, kidney disease and iron overload is retained.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Population-specific actual events/denominators and long-term, rare and concomitant harms remain unverified. This supplementary item is required for the corresponding harm/long-term claim.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Population-specific actual events/denominators and long-term, rare and concomitant harms remain unverified. This supplementary item is required for the corresponding harm/long-term claim." }, { "item_id": "N40", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Were harms from the same oral exposure repeated in independent materials?", "needed": "Unique cases, report families, exposure/event agreement and repeated citation", "role": "Supplementary; required for a repeated-harm claim", "role_reason": "Material on Unique cases, report families, exposure/event agreement and repeated citation is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Unique cases, report families, exposure/event agreement and repeated citation must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Independent harm cases/families, exposure/event agreement, denominators and replication remain unverified. This supplementary item is required for a repeated-harm claim. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "The current stored description contains general caution and limited trial-specific event records.", "condition_status": "Unverified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Independent harm cases/families, exposure/event agreement, denominators and replication remain unverified. This supplementary item is required for a repeated-harm claim.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Independent harm cases/families, exposure/event agreement, denominators and replication remain unverified. This supplementary item is required for a repeated-harm claim." }, { "item_id": "N41", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do the summaries read connect to original material still needed?", "needed": "Material-specific acquisition, reading, original sources, criteria/evidence changes and original preservation", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Material-specific acquisition, reading, original sources, criteria/evidence changes and original preservation is needed to connect the selected oral prevention question to its population, formulation, baseline nutrition, comparison, new pneumonia diagnosis, events, denominators, follow-up, precision and harms.", "application_exception": "Oral prevention remains separate from treatment of existing pneumonia, intravenous dosing, colds and composite respiratory outcomes. Abstract population counts, allocation/pneumonia/harm denominators, original-trial events, unadopted review counts, pooled estimates and individual effects are not mixed; no new effects, intervals, incidence rates, absolute differences, NNTs, cumulative doses or individual dosing guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original records on Material-specific acquisition, reading, original sources, criteria/evidence changes and original preservation must link to the same prevention question, route, population, comparison, diagnosis, time point and analysis population, distinguishing recorded information from gaps.", "basis": "Existing principles distinguish questions, populations, routes, prevention and treatment, trials and reviews, events, denominators, precision and harms.", "condition_origin": "These evidence conditions apply to the existing question of single-ingredient oral vitamin C for preventing new pneumonia in high-stress or low-intake populations. They link stored summaries and gaps without establishing new preregistration, official assessment or independent clinical validation.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original events, denominators, diagnosis, plans, review inclusion, methods, harms, support materials and clinical content review remain outstanding. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.", "current_reports": [ "R01", "R02" ], "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Existing Korean and English stored summary, trial records and review bibliography read; external abstracts, full text, registration, protocols and analysis plans unread", "observation": "PubMed links to original sources remain separate from stored-summary reading and unread external materials.", "condition_status": "Partly verified", "status_reason": "Stored information is linked to its unverified scope. External verification and clinical content review remain incomplete; fulfilled conditions, preventive effects, safety, prespecification and independence are not certified.", "missingness": "Original events, denominators, diagnosis, plans, review inclusion, methods, harms, support materials and clinical content review remain outstanding.", "uncertainty": "Gaps in original events, denominators, diagnosis, baseline nutrition, prespecified plans, review inclusion, synthesis methods, support and harms remain. Old specialized populations and wide intervals are not converted into general-population preventive effects, a precise null effect, equivalence or overall safety.", "review_date": null, "reading_status": "Full text not read · Stored summary read", "additional_material": "Original events, denominators, diagnosis, plans, review inclusion, methods, harms, support materials and clinical content review remain outstanding." } ], "reports": [ { "report_id": "R01", "title": "Pitt·Costrini 1979 · Marine-recruit prevention trial", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/368370/", "report_type": "Double-blind placebo prevention trial; randomization procedures unverified", "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Stored summary read; external abstracts/full text/registration unread and access not attempted", "study_family": "SF01-PittCostrini-1979-marine-native", "independent_replication": "Original I2/R0 and sparse-study descriptions retained; no new independent replication or unique-count certification", "observed_result": "The stored description notes reported pneumonia reduction, but the review’s 1 versus 7 events were not adopted as verified values because historical comparison with original-paper event counts and CI failed.", "result_level": "The abstract states 674 people. Overall randomized, excluded, completer, group, pneumonia-analysis and harm denominators, original events, CI and prespecified primary status remain unverified.", "source_evidence_date": "2026-09-07", "materials": [ { "material_type": "Stored existing review summary", "public_status": "Preserved copy of the complete existing review summary", "access_status": "Stored summary", "acquired": true, "actually_read": "Summary read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "External paper identity link", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "External full text", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 368370 · DOI 10.1001/jama.1979.03290350028016. Historical abstract checking and failed comparison of original events remain historical records. Only the stored summary was read here; external abstracts, full text, registration and plans were not read, and no new access failure was established. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." } ], "links": [ { "label": "PubMed", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/368370/" } ] }, { "report_id": "R02", "title": "Cochrane 2021 · Pneumonia prevention and treatment review", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34791642/", "report_type": "Prevention/treatment review citation; the selected result is the pooled oral prevention estimate", "existence": "The information is recorded in stored original-trial summaries, review bibliography and Korean and English explanations. Current reading of external original papers, full reviews, registrations and plans remains separately unverified.", "acquired_read": "Stored summary read; external abstracts/full text/registration unread and access not attempted", "study_family": "SF02-Cochrane-2021-prevention-synthesis-native", "independent_replication": "Original I2/R0 and sparse-study descriptions retained; no new independent replication or unique-count certification", "observed_result": "The stored description reports RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.06 to 3.61 and very low certainty for 2 old prevention studies. This is not an individual original-trial effect.", "result_level": "This is a pooled prevention estimate. The original forest plot, study-specific events/denominators, weights, model, heterogeneity, included-trial list and Pitt inclusion/extraction mapping remain unverified.", "source_evidence_date": "2026-09-07", "materials": [ { "material_type": "Stored existing review summary", "public_status": "Preserved copy of the complete existing review summary", "access_status": "Stored summary", "acquired": true, "actually_read": "Summary read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "External paper identity link", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "External full text", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." }, { "material_type": "Additional materials needed", "public_status": "Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified", "access_status": "Unread; access not attempted", "acquired": false, "actually_read": "Not read", "as_of": "2026-09-07(original-record date, not a current external-reading date)", "qualification": "PMID 34791642. Historical wording about an independent cross-check is not promoted to current reading of the original review, a new independent trial or official GRADE/RoB assessment. Prevention/treatment and route-specific scope, original inclusion/extraction, models and funding/COI are currently unread. The material date is the evidence date preserved in the original record, not a current external-reading date." } ], "links": [ { "label": "PubMed", "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34791642/" } ] } ], "method_sources": [ { "id": "M03", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03", "section": "§3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13", "official_principle": "Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M04", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04", "section": "§4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42", "official_principle": "Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M08", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08", "section": "§8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a", "official_principle": "Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M15", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15", "section": "§15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3", "official_principle": "Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M19", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19", "section": "§19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4", "official_principle": "Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." } ], "status_dictionary": { "Partly verified": "Partial information from the stored summary is linked; detailed originals and content review remain incomplete.", "Unverified": "Required details cannot be established within the preserved scope. This does not establish absence of effects or studies, or safety.", "Review incomplete": "Review of existing content remains incomplete.", "Met": "This state is used only within the relevant conditions after material verification and content review. It was not automatically assigned in this work.", "Not reported": "Unreported within material actually read. Unread external material is not relabeled as unreported.", "Inaccessible": "This means actual access failure. External access was not attempted in this work, so this state was not assigned.", "Not applicable": "Used only with an application exception and reason based on the question scope.", "Conflicting data": "This requires actual comparison of materials; no new conflict judgment was made in this work.", "Insufficient evidence for the conditions": "This indicates gaps in additional material for the selected conditions. Unread material as a whole is not converted into an efficacy grade." }, "study_overlap": { "state": "Unverified", "unique_trial_count": null, "unique_participant_count": null, "reason": "The 1 stored evidence entry and 2 citations are records linked to an original trial and a review. They do not mean the same count as the original manuscript’s 2 prevention studies. Review inclusion, extraction mapping and participant overlap remain unverified, so report counts are not converted into unique trial, participant or independent-replication totals." }, "history": [ { "date": "2026-10-23", "kind": "Separation of public-facing pages and materials", "view_version": "1.0", "change": "The public view and materials were prepared from the existing 41 items. No new clinical search, verification-state change or scoring was performed." } ], "language": "en", "translation_date": "2026-10-23" }