{ "schema_version": "chamgap-public-criteria-1.0", "title": "Supervised Nordic walking with poles × Added pole-specific benefit over ordinary walking", "language": "en", "translation_date": "2026-10-21", "criteria_version": "1.0", "criteria_date": "2026-10-06", "condition_origin": "Chamgap's own application conditions", "method_sources": [ { "id": "M03", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03", "section": "§3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13", "official_principle": "Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M04", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04", "section": "§4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42", "official_principle": "Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M08", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08", "section": "§8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a", "official_principle": "Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M15", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15", "section": "§15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3", "official_principle": "Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." }, { "id": "M19", "version": "Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10", "url": "https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19", "section": "§19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4", "official_principle": "Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates.", "review_level": "Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed." } ], "status_dictionary": { "Partly verified": "Partial information from the stored summary is linked; detailed originals and content review remain incomplete.", "Unverified": "Required details cannot be established within the preserved scope. This does not establish absence of effects or studies, or safety.", "Review incomplete": "Review of existing content remains incomplete.", "Met": "This state is used only within the relevant conditions after material verification and content review. It was not automatically assigned in this work.", "Not reported": "Unreported within material actually read. Unread external material is not relabeled as unreported.", "Inaccessible": "This means actual access failure. External access was not attempted in this work, so this state was not assigned.", "Not applicable": "Used only with an application exception and reason based on the question scope.", "Conflicting data": "This requires actual comparison of materials; no new conflict judgment was made in this work.", "Insufficient evidence for the conditions": "This indicates gaps in additional material for the selected conditions. Unread material as a whole is not converted into an efficacy grade." }, "requirements": [ { "item_id": "N01", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Which added pole effect does this item concern?", "needed": "Existing pole question versus ordinary walking", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Existing pole question versus ordinary walking is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Existing pole question versus ordinary walking must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Materials separating the pole component with walking controls matched for time, intensity and instruction are needed. No new score or independence certification is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N02", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Which trial directly compared ordinary walking?", "needed": "Monteiro's direct ordinary-walking control", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Monteiro's direct ordinary-walking control is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Monteiro's direct ordinary-walking control must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Group sessions, intensity, instruction and contact time, assessor masking, and allocation and analysis denominators are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N03", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What is the null UPDRS group-by-time result?", "needed": "Direct group comparison and the original null narrative", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Direct group comparison and the original null narrative is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Direct group comparison and the original null narrative must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: The model, exact UPDRS scale scope, between-group effects and CIs, time points and denominators are needed. A P value alone does not establish exact effect 0 or precise equivalence. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N04", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Does lack of superiority establish equivalence or noninferiority?", "needed": "Superiority testing versus other designs", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Superiority testing versus other designs is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Superiority testing versus other designs must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Prespecified target effects, analysis plans, margins and corresponding CIs are needed. A nonsignificant superiority test is not converted into an equivalence judgment. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N05", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do allocated and completed samples differ?", "needed": "Group allocation, completion and endpoint analysis populations", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Group allocation, completion and endpoint analysis populations is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Group allocation, completion and endpoint analysis populations must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Allocation, completion, measurement and analysis tables, withdrawal and missing-data handling, and ITT definitions are needed. Differences are not newly calculated, and completers are not used as every endpoint's denominator. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N06", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How far is the summary of all-null results verified?", "needed": "Bibliographic summary versus endpoint-specific original tables", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Bibliographic summary versus endpoint-specific original tables is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Bibliographic summary versus endpoint-specific original tables must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Between-group effects and CIs, denominators and prespecified hierarchy for all endpoints and time points are needed. A single P value is not copied as the exact result for other endpoints. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N07", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Is improvement within Nordic walking a pole-specific effect?", "needed": "Exercise participation, within-group improvement and added group effects", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Exercise participation, within-group improvement and added group effects is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Exercise participation, within-group improvement and added group effects must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Between-group target effects, change models, exercise dose, attendance and common instruction are needed. Differences in within-group change are not calculated as new direct effect estimates. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N08", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What context do Reuter's selected-measure signals provide?", "needed": "Actual contrasts by ordinary-walking and flexibility control", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Actual contrasts by ordinary-walking and flexibility control is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Actual contrasts by ordinary-walking and flexibility control must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: All measures, denominators, effects and CIs, hierarchy and multiplicity materials by comparator are needed. Selected measures are not expanded into all pole effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N09", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Is the standard-rehabilitation signal the same added pole effect?", "needed": "Whole-program results against another control", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Whole-program results against another control is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Whole-program results against another control must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Standard-rehabilitation content, non-pole exercise and instruction differences, and direct comparisons against the same ordinary walking are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N10", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Does the treadmill pilot isolate poles alone?", "needed": "Directness limits of another active control", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Directness limits of another active control is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Directness limits of another active control must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Program details, control exercise dose and instruction, denominators, endpoints, effects and CIs, and recruitment identifiers are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N11", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Are different trial results combined as consistent replication?", "needed": "Differences in duration, controls, endpoints and training", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Differences in duration, controls, endpoints and training is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Differences in duration, controls, endpoints and training must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Walking controls with matched exercise dose, replication of prespecified primary endpoints, trial-specific controls, and original effects and CIs are needed. Unique trial and participant totals remain unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N12", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Do public funding and supplied poles verify independence?", "needed": "Funding, supplier, affiliation, design and analysis roles", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Funding, supplier, affiliation, design and analysis roles is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Funding, supplier, affiliation, design and analysis roles must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Disclosures on poles, financial support, company and author relationships, and design, analysis and publication involvement are needed. Unverified items are not labeled absent. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N13", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Do functional results also answer fall prevention and durability?", "needed": "Function, meaningful differences, falls and post-training follow-up", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Function, meaningful differences, falls and post-training follow-up is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Function, meaningful differences, falls and post-training follow-up must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: CIs for direct functional effects, patient-important differences, separate fall events and exposure, and post-training follow-up are needed. Events are not calculated as new rates. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N14", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Which patients does the question concern?", "needed": "Detailed eligibility in mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Detailed eligibility in mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Detailed eligibility in mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial-specific diagnosis, stage, medication state, freezing, orthostatic hypotension, comorbidities and exclusions are needed. The scope is not expanded to severe disease or other patients. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N15", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Are actual training dose and supervision known?", "needed": "Sessions, frequency, intensity, pole fitting and adherence", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Sessions, frequency, intensity, pole fitting and adherence is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Sessions, frequency, intensity, pole fitting and adherence must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial-specific time, frequency, intensity, technique instruction, pole fitting, attendance and control exposure are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N16", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Are all active exercise controls equivalent?", "needed": "Standard rehabilitation, walking, treadmill, flexibility and relaxation", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Standard rehabilitation, walking, treadmill, flexibility and relaxation is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Standard rehabilitation, walking, treadmill, flexibility and relaxation must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Comparator-specific content, exercise dose, contact time and supervision are needed. Estimates from different comparisons are not copied or pooled. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N17", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Were medication, medication timing and concurrent rehabilitation matched?", "needed": "Group-specific concurrent care and medication state", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Group-specific concurrent care and medication state is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Group-specific concurrent care and medication state must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Group medications, concurrent exercise and rehabilitation, medication timing, changes and withdrawal reasons are needed. Missing records are not treated as matched care. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N18", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do total samples differ from analysis denominators?", "needed": "Allocated, completed and endpoint-specific analysis samples", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Allocated, completed and endpoint-specific analysis samples is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Allocated, completed and endpoint-specific analysis samples must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Group allocation, completion, assessment and analysis counts, missing-data handling and ITT materials are needed. Differences and totals are not newly calculated or summed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N19", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What is known about randomization and masking?", "needed": "Allocation, concealment, assessors, deviations and measurement", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Allocation, concealment, assessors, deviations and measurement is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Allocation, concealment, assessors, deviations and measurement must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Sequence generation, concealment, masking roles and maintenance, missingness, deviations and measurement procedures are needed. No new official RoB2 assessment is executed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N20", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do shared reports link to original trials?", "needed": "Report, cohort and participant overlap", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Report, cohort and participant overlap is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Report, cohort and participant overlap must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Author, institution, recruitment-period, registration and cohort links are needed. Report slots and sheets are not certified as unique trials, participants or independent replications. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N21", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Were registration and prespecified plans actually read?", "needed": "Registration, protocols, SAPs and endpoint hierarchy", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Registration, protocols, SAPs and endpoint hierarchy is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Registration, protocols, SAPs and endpoint hierarchy must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Trial registration, change histories, protocols, SAPs and prespecified analyses are needed. Unverified registration is not asserted to be absent. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N22", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How were multiple endpoints and selective reporting handled?", "needed": "Prespecified hierarchy, multiplicity and complete results", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Prespecified hierarchy, multiplicity and complete results is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Prespecified hierarchy, multiplicity and complete results must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Original endpoint lists, analysis order, time points, multiplicity handling and complete results are needed. Selected positive findings are not expanded into recovery of every function. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N23", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Are funding, equipment, affiliation and analysis involvement separated?", "needed": "Separate checks of company involvement", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Separate checks of company involvement is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Separate checks of company involvement must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Disclosures on funding, equipment, company affiliation and COI, and design, analysis and publication involvement are needed. Public funding or no external funding does not certify absence of other involvement. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N24", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What do the fall and injury records mean?", "needed": "Harm events, affected people, exposure and denominators", "role": "Supplementary", "role_reason": "Material on Harm events, affected people, exposure and denominators is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Harm events, affected people, exposure and denominators must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Active collection, severity, repeated events versus affected people, harm denominators, exposure and causality are needed. Event records are not calculated as incidence rates or fall-prevention effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N25", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "Are safety boundaries for vulnerable patients established?", "needed": "Freezing, impaired balance, orthostatic hypotension and supervision", "role": "Supplementary", "role_reason": "Material on Freezing, impaired balance, orthostatic hypotension and supervision is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Freezing, impaired balance, orthostatic hypotension and supervision must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Vulnerable-patient eligibility and exclusions, assistance, supervision, stopping criteria and harms by medication state are needed. No new individual-care instructions or universal safety certification are created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N26", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "What is known about post-training durability and harms?", "needed": "During-training duration versus post-training follow-up", "role": "Supplementary", "role_reason": "Material on During-training duration versus post-training follow-up is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on During-training duration versus post-training follow-up must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Independent post-training follow-up, maintenance exercise, adherence, falls, injuries, rare harms and group denominators are needed. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N27", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How does stored-summary reading differ from external-original reading?", "needed": "Actual reading of summaries, abstracts, full texts, registration and plans", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Actual reading of summaries, abstracts, full texts, registration and plans is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Actual reading of summaries, abstracts, full texts, registration and plans must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Acquisition, access and reading histories for originals are needed. A URL is not promoted into actual full-text reading, successful access or completed content review. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N28", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do bilingual wording and representative facets relate?", "needed": "Trial-specific populations, durations and comparisons", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Trial-specific populations, durations and comparisons is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Trial-specific populations, durations and comparisons must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Report-specific recruitment, programs, time points, endpoints and original terminology are needed. English translation is not labeled external English full-text verification. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N29", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How do selected C and parent C54 differ?", "needed": "Selected grade versus parent score, axes and safety label", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Selected grade versus parent score, axes and safety label is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Selected grade versus parent score, axes and safety label must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: The selected-to-parent application boundary and original values must be preserved. No new grade, score or independent clinical certification is created. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." }, { "item_id": "N30", "question_type": "Evidence condition", "question": "How are evidence dates, production and correction events separated?", "needed": "Original evidence date, empty corrections and update records", "role": "Required", "role_reason": "Material on Original evidence date, empty corrections and update records is needed to connect the selected added-pole-effect question with population, walking controls, training dose, endpoints, time points, denominators, precision and harm boundaries.", "application_exception": "Selected pole C and absent individual score, status and axes are retained, distinguishing parent C54, separate program C and fall-and-durability D. Within-group improvement or standard-rehabilitation signals are not converted into added pole benefit; null results are not promoted into exact effect 0, equivalence or noninferiority. No new effects, CIs, denominators, totals, grades or individual-care guidance are created.", "criterion": "Original material on Original evidence date, empty corrections and update records must link to the same ordinary-walking control, pole component, endpoint, time point and denominators, distinguishing standard-rehabilitation programs, other controls, parent context and unread external material.", "basis": "Preserved principles distinguishing questions, direct comparisons, reports and trials, endpoints, denominators, precision and harms informed production.", "condition_origin": "These are evidence conditions for the existing added-pole-effect question versus ordinary walking. They do not establish preregistration, execution of an official tool or completed clinical content review.", "proposed_research": "Material needed: Material additions, condition revisions and verdict changes must remain separate events. Corrections or new evidence absent from the original are not invented. This records needed materials; no new research was executed." } ] }