# Green-tea gargling × added laboratory-confirmed influenza prevention over water

Verdict 3003 · Evidence Check

Stored-material review date: Not recorded  
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-09-07  
Review-criteria version: 1.0  
Public page/material preparation date: 2026-10-19

Clinical papers were not read directly; existing review summaries were checked. No new clinical-literature search was performed. Unverified does not mean that research is absent or that there is no effect.

## Assessment scope

- Population: The trial randomized 757 Japanese high-school students and analyzed 747 in FAS. Original laboratory-confirmed denominators are 384 for green tea and 363 for water. Age range, schools/recruitment, baseline risk, eligibility/exclusions, arm allocation and analysis exclusions are unverified. Do not directly extend this to other ages or institutional populations.
- Ingredient, formulation and route: An open randomized comparison of green-tea versus tap-water gargling. Products, catechin/constituents, concentration, volume, solution quality and actual delivery are unverified. Do not combine drinking, capsules, observational studies or other gargles as the same intervention or independent replication.
- Dose: Original study exposure is 3 times daily for 90 days; water controls also gargled. Constituent amounts, solutions, volume, actual exposure, adherence and stopping are unverified. Calculate no total exposure and create no personal gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Comparator: Tap-water gargling is the control; the question concerns added green-tea-constituent effects on top of gargling in both arms. The original text records control gargling 3 times daily. This is not a no-gargling comparator; matching procedures, volume, contact, delivery and adherence are unverified.
- Measured outcome: The selection is added prevention of laboratory-confirmed influenza. Preserve green tea 19/384 versus water 25/363, adjusted OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.37 to 1.28), P=.24. PP OR 0.86 (0.44 to 1.69), P=.66 is a separate analysis with unverified denominators, interval level and criteria. Clinically defined HR is a separate subclaim record.
- Duration: The original trial spans 90 days; exact start/end, season, exposure, concurrent prevention, testing times and long-term follow-up are unverified. Do not extend this window into other seasons/populations, lasting effects, severe disease/hospitalization or treatment effects.
- Questions outside this scope: Turning added effects over water gargling into green-tea gargling versus no gargling; Interchanging FAS/PP OR with clinically defined HR, intervals, denominators or hierarchy; Turning wide intervals or null results into exact effect 0, equivalence, a new grade F or certain prevention; Counting drinking, capsules, nursing-home observations, other gargles or verdict 720 as the same intervention or independent replication; Transferring laboratory-confirmed results into clinically defined, severe-disease, treatment or other-population/period effects; Using public funding, parent D with 34 points, Good safety or historical verification as subclaim scores or new independence/safety certification; Creating new event rates, effects, CIs, totals, gargling procedures, infection-prevention or treatment instructions

## Checklist items

### N01 · Which added laboratory-confirmed prevention claim is selected?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The selection is added prevention of laboratory-confirmed influenza over water gargling. Preserve original grade D and the note that the OR 0.69 interval included 1. Parent D with 34 points is separate context.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: The subclaim has no score, status or axes fields. Do not fill them with parent values.
- Required materials and conditions: Selected claim, grade and note versus the parent verdict
- Materials to obtain first: The subclaim has no score, status or axes fields. Do not fill them with parent values.
- Further research: Material needed: The subclaim has no score, status or axes fields. Do not fill them with parent values. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Selected claim, grade and note versus the parent verdict must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Selected claim, grade and note versus the parent verdict with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N02 · Which Japanese high-school students participated?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original trial records 757 randomized Japanese high-school students and 747 in FAS.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Exact age range, school/recruitment conditions, baseline infection risk, eligibility/exclusions and baseline characteristics are unverified.
- Required materials and conditions: Age, recruitment, schools, exposure, baseline risk and eligibility/exclusions
- Materials to obtain first: Exact age range, school/recruitment conditions, baseline infection risk, eligibility/exclusions and baseline characteristics are unverified.
- Further research: Material needed: Exact age range, school/recruitment conditions, baseline infection risk, eligibility/exclusions and baseline characteristics are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Age, recruitment, schools, exposure, baseline risk and eligibility/exclusions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Age, recruitment, schools, exposure, baseline risk and eligibility/exclusions with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N03 · What green-tea gargle was studied?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Green-tea gargling 3 times daily for 90 days is original study exposure. Create no new gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Products, catechin/constituents, concentration, volume, actual delivery and solution-quality details are unverified.
- Required materials and conditions: Product, constituents, concentration, volume, quality and actual delivery
- Materials to obtain first: Products, catechin/constituents, concentration, volume, actual delivery and solution-quality details are unverified.
- Further research: Material needed: Products, catechin/constituents, concentration, volume, actual delivery and solution-quality details are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Product, constituents, concentration, volume, quality and actual delivery must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Product, constituents, concentration, volume, quality and actual delivery with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N04 · What are the water control and added effect?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve the original green-tea/tap-water comparison and control water gargling 3 times daily. This was not a comparison against no gargling.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Matching solution procedures, volumes, delivery/contact and adherence records are unverified.
- Required materials and conditions: Gargling in both arms, control composition, procedures, contact and adherence
- Materials to obtain first: Matching solution procedures, volumes, delivery/contact and adherence records are unverified.
- Further research: Material needed: Matching solution procedures, volumes, delivery/contact and adherence records are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Gargling in both arms, control composition, procedures, contact and adherence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Gargling in both arms, control composition, procedures, contact and adherence with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N05 · Were allocation and evaluation roles in the open trial verified?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve Ide's original open randomized design.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Allocation concealment, school/arm structures and tester/event-adjudicator/analyst blinding are unverified. An open design alone does not establish absent blinding for every role.
- Required materials and conditions: Random sequences, allocation concealment and tester/adjudicator/analyst blinding
- Materials to obtain first: Allocation concealment, school/arm structures and tester/event-adjudicator/analyst blinding are unverified. An open design alone does not establish absent blinding for every role.
- Further research: Material needed: Allocation concealment, school/arm structures and tester/event-adjudicator/analyst blinding are unverified. An open design alone does not establish absent blinding for every role. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Random sequences, allocation concealment and tester/adjudicator/analyst blinding must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Random sequences, allocation concealment and tester/adjudicator/analyst blinding with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N06 · Are randomization, FAS and testing denominators the same?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve 757 randomized, 747 FAS and laboratory-confirmed results of 19/384 versus 25/363.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Arm randomization counts, exclusion reasons, FAS definitions and missing test data are unverified. Calculate no new attrition counts, rates or denominators.
- Required materials and conditions: Arm allocation, FAS definitions, exclusions, event assessment and missingness
- Materials to obtain first: Arm randomization counts, exclusion reasons, FAS definitions and missing test data are unverified. Calculate no new attrition counts, rates or denominators.
- Further research: Material needed: Arm randomization counts, exclusion reasons, FAS definitions and missing test data are unverified. Calculate no new attrition counts, rates or denominators. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Arm allocation, FAS definitions, exclusions, event assessment and missingness must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm allocation, FAS definitions, exclusions, event assessment and missingness with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N07 · How was laboratory-confirmed influenza defined?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The key endpoint is laboratory-confirmed influenza over 90 days.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Exact test methods, thresholds, timing, collection/confirmation, symptom criteria and handling of untested cases are unverified.
- Required materials and conditions: Tests, diagnostic thresholds, symptoms and collection/confirmation timing
- Materials to obtain first: Exact test methods, thresholds, timing, collection/confirmation, symptom criteria and handling of untested cases are unverified.
- Further research: Material needed: Exact test methods, thresholds, timing, collection/confirmation, symptom criteria and handling of untested cases are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Tests, diagnostic thresholds, symptoms and collection/confirmation timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Tests, diagnostic thresholds, symptoms and collection/confirmation timing with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N08 · How are events and arm denominators assigned?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original record assigns laboratory-confirmed results to green tea 19/384 and water 25/363.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Repeated infections, first events and test-denominator definitions are unverified. Calculate no new risks, event rates, risk ratios or risk differences.
- Required materials and conditions: Arm labels, event/person units, repeated/first events and test denominators
- Materials to obtain first: Repeated infections, first events and test-denominator definitions are unverified. Calculate no new risks, event rates, risk ratios or risk differences.
- Further research: Material needed: Repeated infections, first events and test-denominator definitions are unverified. Calculate no new risks, event rates, risk ratios or risk differences. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Arm labels, event/person units, repeated/first events and test denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Arm labels, event/person units, repeated/first events and test denominators with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N09 · What are the adjusted OR, interval and P?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve adjusted OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.37 to 1.28), P=.24.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Adjustment variables, models, standard errors and original analysis outputs are unverified. Do not turn OR into a risk ratio or HR or create new estimates.
- Required materials and conditions: Estimator, adjustment variables, model, denominators and interval/test relationships
- Materials to obtain first: Adjustment variables, models, standard errors and original analysis outputs are unverified. Do not turn OR into a risk ratio or HR or create new estimates.
- Further research: Material needed: Adjustment variables, models, standard errors and original analysis outputs are unverified. Do not turn OR into a risk ratio or HR or create new estimates. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Estimator, adjustment variables, model, denominators and interval/test relationships must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Estimator, adjustment variables, model, denominators and interval/test relationships with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N10 · How are PP and FAS results distinguished?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original text records PP OR 0.86 (0.44 to 1.69), P=.66 and null FAS/PP results.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: PP arm denominators, adherence criteria, missing-data handling, interval level and models are unverified. Do not turn PP values into FAS or clinically defined HR.
- Required materials and conditions: PP definitions, denominators, adherence, missingness, interval level and model
- Materials to obtain first: PP arm denominators, adherence criteria, missing-data handling, interval level and models are unverified. Do not turn PP values into FAS or clinically defined HR.
- Further research: Material needed: PP arm denominators, adherence criteria, missing-data handling, interval level and models are unverified. Do not turn PP values into FAS or clinically defined HR. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for PP definitions, denominators, adherence, missingness, interval level and model must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects PP definitions, denominators, adherence, missingness, interval level and model with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N11 · Does a registration identifier verify prospective endpoints?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original text describes failure of the central direct comparison, and original evidence records NCT01225770.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Registration timing, endpoint changes, protocols/SAPs and planned models are unread. Identifiers and historical descriptions do not establish a completed current prospective-status review.
- Required materials and conditions: Registration timing, endpoint hierarchy/changes, protocol and SAP
- Materials to obtain first: Registration timing, endpoint changes, protocols/SAPs and planned models are unread. Identifiers and historical descriptions do not establish a completed current prospective-status review.
- Further research: Material needed: Registration timing, endpoint changes, protocols/SAPs and planned models are unread. Identifiers and historical descriptions do not establish a completed current prospective-status review. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Registration timing, endpoint hierarchy/changes, protocol and SAP must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Registration timing, endpoint hierarchy/changes, protocol and SAP with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N12 · Were missingness, adherence and testing completeness verified?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original text distinguishes FAS and PP results but provides no detailed policies.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Missing tests, exclusions, adherence, observation completeness and sensitivity analyses are unverified. Do not fill in FAS as analysis of all randomized participants.
- Required materials and conditions: Suspected/untested infections, missed delivery and ITT/FAS/PP policies
- Materials to obtain first: Missing tests, exclusions, adherence, observation completeness and sensitivity analyses are unverified. Do not fill in FAS as analysis of all randomized participants.
- Further research: Material needed: Missing tests, exclusions, adherence, observation completeness and sensitivity analyses are unverified. Do not fill in FAS as analysis of all randomized participants. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Suspected/untested infections, missed delivery and ITT/FAS/PP policies must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Suspected/untested infections, missed delivery and ITT/FAS/PP policies with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N13 · Were observation windows, exposure and concurrent prevention matched?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve the original 90-day window and water-controlled scope.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Season, exposure, school environment and arm matching of concurrent prevention/vaccination or other interventions are unverified. Provide no new prevention guidance.
- Required materials and conditions: Start/end, season, school environment, vaccination and shared exposure
- Materials to obtain first: Season, exposure, school environment and arm matching of concurrent prevention/vaccination or other interventions are unverified. Provide no new prevention guidance.
- Further research: Material needed: Season, exposure, school environment and arm matching of concurrent prevention/vaccination or other interventions are unverified. Provide no new prevention guidance. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Start/end, season, school environment, vaccination and shared exposure must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Start/end, season, school environment, vaccination and shared exposure with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N14 · Are clinically defined HR and laboratory-confirmed OR the same?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Distinguish the separate subclaim note's clinically defined HR 0.77 (0.53 to 1.11), P=.16 from laboratory-confirmed OR/PP.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Do not substitute HR values/intervals for laboratory-confirmed OR or identical denominators. Original links for definitions, analyses, hierarchy, time origins and interval types are unverified.
- Required materials and conditions: Diagnostic definitions, events/denominators, timing, models, hierarchy and estimators
- Materials to obtain first: Do not substitute HR values/intervals for laboratory-confirmed OR or identical denominators. Original links for definitions, analyses, hierarchy, time origins and interval types are unverified.
- Further research: Material needed: Do not substitute HR values/intervals for laboratory-confirmed OR or identical denominators. Original links for definitions, analyses, hierarchy, time origins and interval types are unverified. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Diagnostic definitions, events/denominators, timing, models, hierarchy and estimators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Diagnostic definitions, events/denominators, timing, models, hierarchy and estimators with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N15 · How are wide intervals and null results interpreted?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The interval includes 1; the original text records possible benefit and some harm alongside no proof of complete null effects or equivalence.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Clinical importance thresholds and sample planning are unverified. Create no new effects, CIs, absolute effects, equivalence, grade F or certain prevention.
- Required materials and conditions: Planned comparisons, possible effect ranges and clinical importance
- Materials to obtain first: Clinical importance thresholds and sample planning are unverified. Create no new effects, CIs, absolute effects, equivalence, grade F or certain prevention.
- Further research: Material needed: Clinical importance thresholds and sample planning are unverified. Create no new effects, CIs, absolute effects, equivalence, grade F or certain prevention. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Planned comparisons, possible effect ranges and clinical importance must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Planned comparisons, possible effect ranges and clinical importance with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N16 · Can drinking, capsules or observations support this effect?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original text did not count green-tea drinking, capsules or nursing-home observations as replication of the gargling randomized trial.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Do not transfer numbers from other routes, populations or designs into the selected added effect. Those materials were not newly read this run.
- Required materials and conditions: Exposure routes, formulations, populations, designs and separate questions
- Materials to obtain first: Do not transfer numbers from other routes, populations or designs into the selected added effect. Those materials were not newly read this run.
- Further research: Material needed: Do not transfer numbers from other routes, populations or designs into the selected added effect. Those materials were not newly read this run. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Exposure routes, formulations, populations, designs and separate questions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Exposure routes, formulations, populations, designs and separate questions with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N17 · Is another gargling verdict the same intervention?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original text records a different intervention in povidone-iodine/water gargling verdict 720.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Do not newly read 720 or combine it as replication in this sheet. Do not use other-gargle effects to strengthen this result.
- Required materials and conditions: Povidone-iodine/water versus the selected green-tea/water comparison
- Materials to obtain first: Do not newly read 720 or combine it as replication in this sheet. Do not use other-gargle effects to strengthen this result.
- Further research: Material needed: Do not newly read 720 or combine it as replication in this sheet. Do not use other-gargle effects to strengthen this result. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Povidone-iodine/water versus the selected green-tea/water comparison must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Povidone-iodine/water versus the selected green-tea/water comparison with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N18 · Does this answer other populations, long-term, severe-disease or treatment effects?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The selection is a 90-day water-controlled added effect in high-school students.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Other ages, seasons, lasting effects, severe disease/hospitalization and treatment effects are unverified. Do not transfer laboratory-confirmed prevention results into treatment effects.
- Required materials and conditions: Age, season, duration, severe disease/hospitalization and treatment boundaries
- Materials to obtain first: Other ages, seasons, lasting effects, severe disease/hospitalization and treatment effects are unverified. Do not transfer laboratory-confirmed prevention results into treatment effects.
- Further research: Material needed: Other ages, seasons, lasting effects, severe disease/hospitalization and treatment effects are unverified. Do not transfer laboratory-confirmed prevention results into treatment effects. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Age, season, duration, severe disease/hospitalization and treatment boundaries must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Age, season, duration, severe disease/hospitalization and treatment boundaries with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N19 · Can one report and two questions count as independent trials?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Laboratory-confirmed and clinically defined questions share the same Ide report. Do not count two endpoints or sheets as new trials or populations.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Independent confirmation under the same conditions is unverified. Do not establish unique-trial, participant or independent-replication totals.
- Required materials and conditions: Report, population, endpoint and sheet relationships and unique totals
- Materials to obtain first: Independent confirmation under the same conditions is unverified. Do not establish unique-trial, participant or independent-replication totals.
- Further research: Material needed: Independent confirmation under the same conditions is unverified. Do not establish unique-trial, participant or independent-replication totals. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Report, population, endpoint and sheet relationships and unique totals must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report, population, endpoint and sheet relationships and unique totals with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N20 · What were public funding, support and author roles?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Original evidence records public KAKENHI funding, described as a strength in the parent text.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Product/material support, employee authors, COI and design/analysis/publication roles are unverified. Funding information alone does not verify overall independence.
- Required materials and conditions: Financial/product/material support, employee authors, COI and analysis/publication roles
- Materials to obtain first: Product/material support, employee authors, COI and design/analysis/publication roles are unverified. Funding information alone does not verify overall independence.
- Further research: Material needed: Product/material support, employee authors, COI and design/analysis/publication roles are unverified. Funding information alone does not verify overall independence. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Financial/product/material support, employee authors, COI and analysis/publication roles must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Financial/product/material support, employee authors, COI and analysis/publication roles with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N21 · Does no reported adverse event establish safety?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve the wording that no adverse events were reported in the trial and parent Good safety status.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Collection procedures, arm denominators, missingness/stopping and exact event counts are unverified. No reports do not become new safety certification or verified event counts.
- Required materials and conditions: Original harm collection, arm events, denominators, missingness and stopping
- Materials to obtain first: Collection procedures, arm denominators, missingness/stopping and exact event counts are unverified. No reports do not become new safety certification or verified event counts.
- Further research: Material needed: Collection procedures, arm denominators, missingness/stopping and exact event counts are unverified. No reports do not become new safety certification or verified event counts. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Original harm collection, arm events, denominators, missingness and stopping must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original harm collection, arm events, denominators, missingness and stopping with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N22 · Is this safe across ages, abilities and long-term exposures?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve original parent safety text and create no new gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Other ages, gargling abilities, exposures, long-term harms and alternative-cause data are unverified. Do not extend parent Good status into safety for everyone.
- Required materials and conditions: Vulnerable populations, exposures, concurrent factors, alternative causes and follow-up
- Materials to obtain first: Other ages, gargling abilities, exposures, long-term harms and alternative-cause data are unverified. Do not extend parent Good status into safety for everyone.
- Further research: Material needed: Other ages, gargling abilities, exposures, long-term harms and alternative-cause data are unverified. Do not extend parent Good status into safety for everyone. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Vulnerable populations, exposures, concurrent factors, alternative causes and follow-up must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Vulnerable populations, exposures, concurrent factors, alternative causes and follow-up with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N23 · How are verdicts, both languages and dates preserved?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve parent D with 34 points, original bilingual texts, axes, 2026-09-07, empty correction/deliberation records and subclaim D/note with absent score/status/axes.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Historical cross-checks and strengths of direct trials do not become current review, satisfied conditions or subclaim scores. Distinguish production from evidence dates.
- Required materials and conditions: Parent/subclaim original values, axes, empty histories and evidence date
- Materials to obtain first: Historical cross-checks and strengths of direct trials do not become current review, satisfied conditions or subclaim scores. Distinguish production from evidence dates.
- Further research: Material needed: Historical cross-checks and strengths of direct trials do not become current review, satisfied conditions or subclaim scores. Distinguish production from evidence dates. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Parent/subclaim original values, axes, empty histories and evidence date must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Parent/subclaim original values, axes, empty histories and evidence date with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

### N24 · Which materials were actually read?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Production used complete stored summaries and bibliography. Distinguish summary reading, unread external materials and source links.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: External papers, registration, protocols/SAPs and support originals are unread and access was not attempted. URLs/historical verification do not become current reading or link checks.
- Required materials and conditions: Stored summaries, bibliography, external papers, registration, plans and support
- Materials to obtain first: External papers, registration, protocols/SAPs and support originals are unread and access was not attempted. URLs/historical verification do not become current reading or link checks.
- Further research: Material needed: External papers, registration, protocols/SAPs and support originals are unread and access was not attempted. URLs/historical verification do not become current reading or link checks. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Stored summaries, bibliography, external papers, registration, plans and support must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Stored summaries, bibliography, external papers, registration, plans and support with added green-tea effects over water gargling, laboratory-confirmed versus clinically defined outcomes, events, denominators, FAS/PP, OR/HR, precision and harm boundaries.
- Application exceptions: Preserve selected D and its null OR-interval note. Distinguish absent subclaim score/status/axes from parent D with 34 points. Water controls do not become no-gargling controls; OR, PP and clinical HR do not become the same analysis. Create no new effects, rates, CIs, totals, grades, independence/safety certification or gargling, infection-prevention or treatment instructions.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01

## Evidence and sources

### S01

Ide K, Yamada H, Matsushita K, et al. Effects of Green Tea Gargling on the Prevention of Influenza Infection in High School Students: A Randomized Controlled Study. PLoS One. 2014;9:e96373. PMID: 24836780. PMCID: PMC4023996. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373.

[PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24836780/)

Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread  
Findings recorded in the summary: 19/384 vs 25/363; OR 0.69 (0.37 to 1.28), P=.24  
Record level: Laboratory-confirmed results from 757 randomized, 747 FAS participants over 90 days of green-tea versus water gargling. Preserve green tea 19/384, water 25/363 and adjusted OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.37 to 1.28), P=.24. Denominators and interval level for PP OR 0.86 (0.44 to 1.69), P=.66 are unverified. Distinguish clinically defined HR and no-gargling comparisons; calculate no new event rates or effects.  
Independent replication: Laboratory-confirmed and clinically defined questions share the same Ide report and population. Do not count different endpoints, analysis populations or sheets as new independent trials or participant totals. Independent confirmation under the same conditions and unique-trial/participant totals are unverified.

| Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stored existing review summary | Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary | Stored summary | Summary read | Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 24836780, PMCID PMC4023996 and DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373. Original evidence registration wording is NCT01225770; a separate registration annotation is unrecorded for this case. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish registration/full-text reading or prospective verification; infer no new URLs. |
| External paper | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 24836780, PMCID PMC4023996 and DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373. Original evidence registration wording is NCT01225770; a separate registration annotation is unrecorded for this case. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish registration/full-text reading or prospective verification; infer no new URLs. |
| Registration material | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 24836780, PMCID PMC4023996 and DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373. Original evidence registration wording is NCT01225770; a separate registration annotation is unrecorded for this case. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish registration/full-text reading or prospective verification; infer no new URLs. |
| Protocol | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 24836780, PMCID PMC4023996 and DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373. Original evidence registration wording is NCT01225770; a separate registration annotation is unrecorded for this case. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish registration/full-text reading or prospective verification; infer no new URLs. |
| Statistical analysis plan | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 24836780, PMCID PMC4023996 and DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373. Original evidence registration wording is NCT01225770; a separate registration annotation is unrecorded for this case. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish registration/full-text reading or prospective verification; infer no new URLs. |
| Funding, product-support and COI material | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve original PubMed URL, PMID 24836780, PMCID PMC4023996 and DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096373. Original evidence registration wording is NCT01225770; a separate registration annotation is unrecorded for this case. Identifiers/PMCID do not establish registration/full-text reading or prospective verification; infer no new URLs. |

## Review criteria and methods

These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the relevant sections of official methodological guidance. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

- M03 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03) · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13 · Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M04 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04) · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42 · Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M08 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08) · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a · Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M15 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15) · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3 · Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M19 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19) · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4 · Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

## What the statuses mean

- Met: A state used when required evidence is confirmed after user review. This production does not declare that review complete.
- Partly verified: Some information in the stored summary is linked into the table. External comparison/content review is not complete.
- Unverified: The article leaves this unverified, or required material is absent from the current stored summary. This is distinct from zero, absence or safety.
- Review incomplete: User review pending.
- Not reported: Not reported within the stored material actually read; not extended to the entire primary paper.
- Inaccessible: Means an actual access failure. Access not attempted here is not assigned this state.
- Not applicable: Not used as a substitute for an evidence gap.
- Conflicting data: Requires an observed disagreement under the same comparison criteria; not automatically judged in this production.
- Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Marks a gap in additional material required by the selected conditions; not a new efficacy grade.

## Change history

2026-10-19 · Public page/materials 1.0. Public pages and materials were prepared from the existing 24 items. No new clinical search, verification-status change or scoring was performed.