# Vigorous stair exercise snacks × postprandial glucose

Verdict 2996 · Evidence Check

Stored-material review date: Not recorded  
Original evidence cut-off: 2026-09-07  
Review-criteria version: 1.0  
Public page/material preparation date: 2026-10-16

Clinical papers were not read directly; existing review summaries were checked. No new clinical-literature search was performed. Unverified does not mean that research is absent or that there is no effect.

## Assessment scope

- Population: Direct S02 contains two acute crossover experiments in one report, with 12 lean men and 11 overweight/obese participants in separate populations. They are not summed; period-specific/glucose-endpoint completion and analysis denominators and exact eligibility are unverified. S01’s 24 inactive young adults (12/12) provide fitness background.
- Ingredient, formulation and route: Selected acute S02 records original exposure of 8 hourly stair bouts lasting 15–30 seconds over 9 hours. This differs from S01’s 60 steps, 3 times daily, 3 days weekly for 6 weeks. Actual intensity, identical exposure across populations and adherence are unverified; research identification is not turned into exercise instructions.
- Dose: Preserve only the original acute 15–30 seconds, 8 bouts and 9-hour exposure. Actual performance, discontinuation, supervision and population-specific exposure variation are unverified. Do not substitute 6-week fitness exposure or newly sum/calculate time, steps, calories or personal exercise doses.
- Comparator: The selected acute comparator is uninterrupted sitting. Actual control-day activity, meals, baseline conditions and contact are unverified. S01’s 6-week no-training comparator, ordinary walking, continuous stairs and bodyweight exercise are not treated as identical comparisons.
- Measured outcome: The selected outcome is the original nonsignificant/null glucose summary. Glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P or zero effect. Primary insulin AUC −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 in 11 overweight/obese participants is a separate endpoint. Population-specific glucose effects, CIs, denominators, hierarchy, units and exact measurement windows are unverified.
- Duration: Distinguish the original metabolic report’s 9-hour acute scope from the exact glucose measurement window. Direct 6-week glucose, persistence, HbA1c, diabetes and cardiovascular clinical-event materials are unlinked and are not supplied by acute insulin findings.
- Questions outside this scope: Treating original grouped glucose/triglycerides P>.31 as each endpoint’s exact P, zero effect or equivalence; Transferring insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 in 11 overweight participants into glucose effects, P values or clinical success; Using S01 VO2peak P=.003, approximately 5%, 24 participants (12/12) or the 6-week no-training comparison as acute glucose results, denominators or duration; Summing two S02 experiments, 12 lean/11 overweight participants or shared sheets into participant, unique-trial or independent-replication totals; Inheriting parent C50, fitness axes or historical C54→C50 adjustment as absent subclaim-D values, current review or a new grade; Extending the acute scope into 6-week/long-term glucose, HbA1c, diabetes/cardiovascular prevention, all populations or other exercise; Creating new effects, CIs, exposure totals, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance

## Checklist items

### N01 · Which glucose claim is being checked?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The selected claim is lower postprandial glucose, originally graded D, with a note that glucose was not significant in a separate acute trial. Subclaim score, safety and axes are unrecorded and are not filled from parent C50 or the fitness signal.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: The selected original version, subclaim/parent boundaries and editorial review records.
- Required materials and conditions: Selected subclaim, original grade and parent combined context
- Materials to obtain first: The selected original version, subclaim/parent boundaries and editorial review records.
- Further research: Material needed: The selected original version, subclaim/parent boundaries and editorial review records. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Selected subclaim, original grade and parent combined context must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Selected subclaim, original grade and parent combined context with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N02 · Which populations were in the two acute experiments?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Two acute crossover experiments in one S02 report record 12 lean men and 11 overweight/obese participants as separate populations. They are not summed and are distinguished from S01’s 24 inactive young adults.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 experiment-specific eligibility, baseline characteristics, participant flow and analysis denominators.
- Required materials and conditions: Population-specific eligibility, recruitment and analysis denominators
- Materials to obtain first: S02 experiment-specific eligibility, baseline characteristics, participant flow and analysis denominators.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 experiment-specific eligibility, baseline characteristics, participant flow and analysis denominators. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Population-specific eligibility, recruitment and analysis denominators must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population-specific eligibility, recruitment and analysis denominators with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N03 · Is acute exposure the same as 6-week training?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Original S02 conditions compared 8 hourly stair bouts lasting 15–30 seconds over 9 hours with uninterrupted sitting. This differs from S01’s 60 steps, 3 times daily, 3 days weekly for 6 weeks and is not turned into exercise instructions.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 experiment-specific intervention specifications, actual intensity, performance records and exposure materials.
- Required materials and conditions: Experiment-specific interventions, exposure, comparators and duration
- Materials to obtain first: S02 experiment-specific intervention specifications, actual intensity, performance records and exposure materials.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 experiment-specific intervention specifications, actual intensity, performance records and exposure materials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Experiment-specific interventions, exposure, comparators and duration must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Experiment-specific interventions, exposure, comparators and duration with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N04 · What is the uninterrupted-sitting comparison?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Acute S02 used uninterrupted sitting. S01 no-training controls, ordinary walking, continuous stairs and bodyweight exercise are not treated as the same comparison.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 control-day conditions, activity monitoring, contact and actual exposure records.
- Required materials and conditions: Control conditions, contact and exposure
- Materials to obtain first: S02 control-day conditions, activity monitoring, contact and actual exposure records.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 control-day conditions, activity monitoring, contact and actual exposure records. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Control conditions, contact and exposure must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Control conditions, contact and exposure with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N05 · Are crossover order and period effects verified?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: S02 is labeled as two acute crossover experiments. The design label alone does not establish randomized order, sufficient washout or control of period/carryover effects.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 experiment-specific order, washout, period/carryover analyses and SAP.
- Required materials and conditions: Allocation order, washout, period and carryover effects
- Materials to obtain first: S02 experiment-specific order, washout, period/carryover analyses and SAP.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 experiment-specific order, washout, period/carryover analyses and SAP. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Allocation order, washout, period and carryover effects must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Allocation order, washout, period and carryover effects with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N06 · What defines the postprandial glucose endpoint?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original account distinguishes VO2peak, insulin AUC and glucose AUC, while the subclaim note records nonsignificant glucose. S02’s 9-hour insulin AUC is not substituted for the glucose endpoint’s definition, units or measurement window.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 glucose-endpoint definition, AUC handling, measurement schedule, units and complete result tables.
- Required materials and conditions: Glucose measurement, AUC definition, units and timing
- Materials to obtain first: S02 glucose-endpoint definition, AUC handling, measurement schedule, units and complete result tables.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 glucose-endpoint definition, AUC handling, measurement schedule, units and complete result tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Glucose measurement, AUC definition, units and timing must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Glucose measurement, AUC definition, units and timing with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N07 · Were meals and baseline conditions standardized?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The question concerns postprandial glucose, but meal composition, timing and baseline measurement conditions are unlinked in the stored summary.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 meal schedule/composition, baseline conditions and measurement appendices.
- Required materials and conditions: Meal composition/schedule and baseline measurements
- Materials to obtain first: S02 meal schedule/composition, baseline conditions and measurement appendices.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 meal schedule/composition, baseline conditions and measurement appendices. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Meal composition/schedule and baseline measurements must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Meal composition/schedule and baseline measurements with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N08 · What time scope does the 9-hour result cover?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original metabolic report covers a 9-hour acute scope. The exact glucose measurement window is unverified; same-day findings are not transferred into 6-week glucose changes or post-training persistence.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 time-specific glucose results, exact measurement windows and follow-up materials.
- Required materials and conditions: Acute report scope versus the exact glucose window
- Materials to obtain first: S02 time-specific glucose results, exact measurement windows and follow-up materials.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 time-specific glucose results, exact measurement windows and follow-up materials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Acute report scope versus the exact glucose window must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Acute report scope versus the exact glucose window with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N09 · Is the primary insulin finding a glucose result?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Primary insulin AUC −16.5%, P=.036, d=.94 in 11 overweight/obese participants is an insulin result. It does not establish glucose effect size, P values or clinical success.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 registration, protocol, SAP and population-specific original endpoint tables, units, denominators and direct CIs.
- Required materials and conditions: Endpoint hierarchy and population-specific insulin/glucose
- Materials to obtain first: S02 registration, protocol, SAP and population-specific original endpoint tables, units, denominators and direct CIs.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 registration, protocol, SAP and population-specific original endpoint tables, units, denominators and direct CIs. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Endpoint hierarchy and population-specific insulin/glucose must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Endpoint hierarchy and population-specific insulin/glucose with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N10 · How are nonsignificant glucose and P>.31 distinguished?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original account jointly describes glucose and triglycerides as null at P>.31, while the subclaim note records nonsignificant glucose. P>.31 is not each endpoint’s exact P and is not changed into an exact zero effect or equivalence.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Separate S02 glucose and triglyceride tables, test targets, exact P values, effects and CIs.
- Required materials and conditions: Endpoint-specific tests, exact P values and result scope
- Materials to obtain first: Separate S02 glucose and triglyceride tables, test targets, exact P values, effects and CIs.
- Further research: Material needed: Separate S02 glucose and triglyceride tables, test targets, exact P values, effects and CIs. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Endpoint-specific tests, exact P values and result scope must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Endpoint-specific tests, exact P values and result scope with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N11 · Are population-specific glucose results available?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Original sample sizes distinguish the two populations, and insulin −16.5% belongs to the overweight group. The null glucose summary is not expanded into population-specific exact effects or denominators.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Separate glucose results, flow and analysis denominators for both S02 experiments.
- Required materials and conditions: Glucose in lean and overweight populations
- Materials to obtain first: Separate glucose results, flow and analysis denominators for both S02 experiments.
- Further research: Material needed: Separate glucose results, flow and analysis denominators for both S02 experiments. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Glucose in lean and overweight populations must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Glucose in lean and overweight populations with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N12 · Are glucose effect size and 95% CIs available?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The current preserved content is a null/nonsignificant glucose summary. Insulin −16.5%, d=.94 or approximately 5% VO2peak wording is not used as a glucose effect. Exact glucose effects/CIs are unverified.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 glucose estimation models, comparative effects, units, exact effects and direct CIs.
- Required materials and conditions: Glucose comparative estimator, exact effect and CI
- Materials to obtain first: S02 glucose estimation models, comparative effects, units, exact effects and direct CIs.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 glucose estimation models, comparative effects, units, exact effects and direct CIs. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Glucose comparative estimator, exact effect and CI must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Glucose comparative estimator, exact effect and CI with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N13 · Are all period-specific endpoint data complete?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The 12 and 11 participants are original population sizes. They do not establish complete glucose data or analysis of everyone in every crossover period.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 period-specific flow, missing endpoints, analysis-population definitions and missing-data handling.
- Required materials and conditions: Population-specific completion, analysis denominators and missing data
- Materials to obtain first: S02 period-specific flow, missing endpoints, analysis-population definitions and missing-data handling.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 period-specific flow, missing endpoints, analysis-population definitions and missing-data handling. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Population-specific completion, analysis denominators and missing data must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population-specific completion, analysis denominators and missing data with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N14 · Are glucose models and multiplicity plans available?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve glucose/triglycerides P>.31 and primary-insulin wording, but glucose analysis models, adjustment and multiplicity plans are unlinked.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 SAP, complete population-specific endpoint analyses, within-person comparison models and multiplicity plans.
- Required materials and conditions: Within-person analyses, adjustment and test plans
- Materials to obtain first: S02 SAP, complete population-specific endpoint analyses, within-person comparison models and multiplicity plans.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 SAP, complete population-specific endpoint analyses, within-person comparison models and multiplicity plans. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Within-person analyses, adjustment and test plans must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Within-person analyses, adjustment and test plans with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N15 · Are registration, protocols and SAPs linked?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original S02 evidence row has no nct key; its citation is a paper reference. An unrecorded registration identifier is not absence of registration or evidence that registration was read. Parent VO2peak hierarchy also does not verify the glucose analysis plan.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 experiment-specific original registration, protocols, SAPs, actual start and change history.
- Required materials and conditions: Experiment-specific prespecified hierarchy and change history
- Materials to obtain first: S02 experiment-specific original registration, protocols, SAPs, actual start and change history.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 experiment-specific original registration, protocols, SAPs, actual start and change history. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Experiment-specific prespecified hierarchy and change history must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Experiment-specific prespecified hierarchy and change history with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N16 · Is glucose measurement/analysis blinding verified?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Glucose measurement/analysis blinding information is unlinked in the stored summary. A laboratory endpoint alone does not establish blinding.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 sample processing, measurement quality, blinding and standardization originals.
- Required materials and conditions: Assessor/analyst blinding and standardization
- Materials to obtain first: S02 sample processing, measurement quality, blinding and standardization originals.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 sample processing, measurement quality, blinding and standardization originals. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Assessor/analyst blinding and standardization must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Assessor/analyst blinding and standardization with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N17 · Does planned acute exposure equal actual adherence?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The summary records original exposure of 8 hourly stair bouts lasting 15–30 seconds. This alone does not verify actual performance, intensity or identical population-specific exposure for everyone.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 population/period-specific performance, intensity, discontinuation and exposure-variation records.
- Required materials and conditions: Experiment-specific performance, discontinuation and activity
- Materials to obtain first: S02 population/period-specific performance, intensity, discontinuation and exposure-variation records.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 population/period-specific performance, intensity, discontinuation and exposure-variation records. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Experiment-specific performance, discontinuation and activity must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Experiment-specific performance, discontinuation and activity with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N18 · Are concurrent activity, medication and lifestyle conditions separated?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The selected scope is original acute stairs versus uninterrupted sitting. Materials separating other exercise, dietary changes and medication effects are unverified.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 medication, meals, coexposures, activity conditions and actual management records. No medication-change, replacement or treatment instructions are given.
- Required materials and conditions: Experiment-specific coexposures and lifestyle conditions
- Materials to obtain first: S02 medication, meals, coexposures, activity conditions and actual management records. No medication-change, replacement or treatment instructions are given.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 medication, meals, coexposures, activity conditions and actual management records. No medication-change, replacement or treatment instructions are given. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Experiment-specific coexposures and lifestyle conditions must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Experiment-specific coexposures and lifestyle conditions with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N19 · Are 6-week fitness findings being transferred into glucose success?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: S01 records 24 participants, 6-week VO2peak and between-group P=.003, with exact effects/CIs unverified. This fitness result and parent C50 are not direct evidence of success for selected glucose reduction.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Report-specific complete endpoints, interventions, populations, comparators, denominators and duration tables.
- Required materials and conditions: Directness of S01 fitness versus S02 glucose
- Materials to obtain first: Report-specific complete endpoints, interventions, populations, comparators, denominators and duration tables.
- Further research: Material needed: Report-specific complete endpoints, interventions, populations, comparators, denominators and duration tables. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Directness of S01 fitness versus S02 glucose must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Directness of S01 fitness versus S02 glucose with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N20 · How do shared reports and experiments within one report relate?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Both subclaim sheets share S01/S02. Distinguish the two acute experiments in one S02 report from its 12 lean men and 11 overweight/obese participants. Reports, sheets, experiments and populations are not summed into unique-trial, participant or independent-replication totals.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 experiment-specific identities, flow, cohorts, researchers and report relationships.
- Required materials and conditions: Overlap across reports, experiments, populations and sheets
- Materials to obtain first: S02 experiment-specific identities, flow, cohorts, researchers and report relationships.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 experiment-specific identities, flow, cohorts, researchers and report relationships. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Overlap across reports, experiments, populations and sheets must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Overlap across reports, experiments, populations and sheets with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N21 · Is same-protocol independent glucose replication available?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The original account records a same-protocol independent-replication gap. Different S02 populations/acute experiments and S01 fitness are not counted as independent confirmation of reduced glucose; no new certification of absence across all literature is made here.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Separate trials with the same glucose question, intervention, population/comparison and study-family relationships.
- Required materials and conditions: Separate trials with the same intervention, population and glucose comparison
- Materials to obtain first: Separate trials with the same glucose question, intervention, population/comparison and study-family relationships.
- Further research: Material needed: Separate trials with the same glucose question, intervention, population/comparison and study-family relationships. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Separate trials with the same intervention, population and glucose comparison must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Separate trials with the same intervention, population and glucose comparison with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N22 · Does the acute scope establish long-term glucose or disease outcomes?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Acute insulin change does not replace glucose success or long-term diabetes effects. The original account says diabetes/cardiovascular prevention exceeds measured outcomes; direct long-term glucose, HbA1c and clinical-event materials are unlinked.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Direct materials separately defining long-term glucose, HbA1c, diabetes and cardiovascular clinical endpoints.
- Required materials and conditions: Persistence and direct long-term clinical endpoints
- Materials to obtain first: Direct materials separately defining long-term glucose, HbA1c, diabetes and cardiovascular clinical endpoints.
- Further research: Material needed: Direct materials separately defining long-term glucose, HbA1c, diabetes and cardiovascular clinical endpoints. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Persistence and direct long-term clinical endpoints must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Persistence and direct long-term clinical endpoints with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N23 · Does this apply to other populations or exercise?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Distinguish the original lean-men/overweight-obese acute populations from the different fitness protocol. Glucose findings are not transferred into ordinary walking, continuous stairs, bodyweight exercise or all ages/diseases.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Direct glucose results distinguishing populations, interventions, actual exposure, comparators and duration.
- Required materials and conditions: Population/intervention/exposure-specific direct glucose evidence
- Materials to obtain first: Direct glucose results distinguishing populations, interventions, actual exposure, comparators and duration.
- Further research: Material needed: Direct glucose results distinguishing populations, interventions, actual exposure, comparators and duration. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Population/intervention/exposure-specific direct glucose evidence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Population/intervention/exposure-specific direct glucose evidence with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N24 · Are S02 funding, support and COI verified?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: S02 support details are unverified. PMID, DOI, paper URLs or S01 support information are not used to fill this gap.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S02 original funding, product/equipment support, affiliations, COI and analysis/publication roles.
- Required materials and conditions: Report-specific funding, product support, employee authors and COI
- Materials to obtain first: S02 original funding, product/equipment support, affiliations, COI and analysis/publication roles.
- Further research: Material needed: S02 original funding, product/equipment support, affiliations, COI and analysis/publication roles. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Report-specific funding, product support, employee authors and COI must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Report-specific funding, product support, employee authors and COI with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S02

### N25 · Which report does S01 support information describe?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: S01 records McMaster internal, CIHR and scholarship support. This belongs to the separate fitness report and does not verify S02 glucose-report funding, product support, employee authors or COI.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: S01 original funding, support, affiliations and COI, with report-specific role distinctions.
- Required materials and conditions: Attribution of fitness-report support
- Materials to obtain first: S01 original funding, support, affiliations and COI, with report-specific role distinctions.
- Further research: Material needed: S01 original funding, support, affiliations and COI, with report-specific role distinctions. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Attribution of fitness-report support must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Attribution of fitness-report support with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N26 · Are acute findings separated from safety gaps?

Verification status: Unverified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Parent safety is Caution, with systematic adverse-event rates unverified. Null glucose or reduced insulin is not changed into safety or absence of harm; mentioned stair-fall/high-intensity risks are not actual incidence rates.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Separate S01/S02 adverse-event definitions, collection, denominators, exposure, discontinuation, severity and follow-up materials.
- Required materials and conditions: Adverse-event collection, denominators, exposure and discontinuation
- Materials to obtain first: Separate S01/S02 adverse-event definitions, collection, denominators, exposure, discontinuation, severity and follow-up materials.
- Further research: Material needed: Separate S01/S02 adverse-event definitions, collection, denominators, exposure, discontinuation, severity and follow-up materials. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Adverse-event collection, denominators, exposure and discontinuation must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Adverse-event collection, denominators, exposure and discontinuation with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N27 · Are subclaim D, parent C50, axes and history separated?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve original selected grade D and the nonsignificant-glucose note. Parent C50, B/S/R1/I2/EX/B2/CX, four false flags, empty overrides and historical C54→C50 adjustment are parent context, not a subclaim score, new grade or completed current content review.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Complete preserved originals, historical verdict materials and selected-subclaim/parent boundary checks.
- Required materials and conditions: Absent subclaim values versus parent verdict history
- Materials to obtain first: Complete preserved originals, historical verdict materials and selected-subclaim/parent boundary checks.
- Further research: Material needed: Complete preserved originals, historical verdict materials and selected-subclaim/parent boundary checks. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Absent subclaim values versus parent verdict history must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Absent subclaim values versus parent verdict history with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N28 · Are bilingual wording, evidence date and corrections separated?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: Preserve selected nonsignificant glucose and the parent VO2peak/insulin/glucose distinction. Evidence date 2026-09-07, empty corrections and empty deliberation are original values, not completed current external reading or content review.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Additional original versions, actual corrections, complete pre-change history and translation/editorial review records.
- Required materials and conditions: Original bilingual wording, historical date and corrections
- Materials to obtain first: Additional original versions, actual corrections, complete pre-change history and translation/editorial review records.
- Further research: Material needed: Additional original versions, actual corrections, complete pre-change history and translation/editorial review records. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Original bilingual wording, historical date and corrections must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Original bilingual wording, historical date and corrections with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

### N29 · Which materials and links were actually read?

Verification status: Partly verified  
Reading scope: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread

- Current findings: The parent stored summary/bibliography for both reports was read and transferred. Original paper URLs are preserved links; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and COI materials are unread, with access not attempted.
- Why unverified: The selected claim, parent material and reports are distinguished and transferred from the stored summary. Detailed original material is unverified and review of existing content remains incomplete. This does not establish completed clinical review or certification.
- Reason for missing information: Report-specific originals, registration, plans, support materials and actual acquisition/reading records. Preserve originals and versions before updating observations.
- Required materials and conditions: Stored summaries, external unread materials and needed evidence
- Materials to obtain first: Report-specific originals, registration, plans, support materials and actual acquisition/reading records. Preserve originals and versions before updating observations.
- Further research: Material needed: Report-specific originals, registration, plans, support materials and actual acquisition/reading records. Preserve originals and versions before updating observations. This records needed materials; no new research was executed.
- Conditions for verification: Material for Stored summaries, external unread materials and needed evidence must be linked to the selected subclaim, parent context, same report/trial, outcome units, times, actual comparator and denominators, distinguishing unread external material.
- Why this condition is needed: This condition connects Stored summaries, external unread materials and needed evidence with postprandial glucose, acute experiment-specific populations/denominators, stair exposure versus uninterrupted sitting, glucose versus insulin AUC, grouped P-value wording, missing exact effects/CIs, fitness background, support and harms.
- Application exceptions: Preserve original subclaim D, the nonsignificant-glucose note and absent score, safety and axes. Do not sum S02’s two acute experiments or 12 lean/11 overweight participants. Original glucose/triglycerides P>.31 is grouped wording, not each endpoint’s exact P. Overweight-group insulin −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 and S01 VO2peak P=.003/approximately 5% are not glucose effects. No new zero-effect/equivalence claims, CIs, arithmetic, unique counts, independence certification, grades, exercise instructions, medication changes or treatment guidance are created.
- Remaining uncertainty: External original material is unread and review of existing content remains incomplete. Original grades, scores, axes, historical verification and independence statements are not treated as new verdicts or certification.
- Referenced methods: Preserved C/E/H application conditions concerning questions, populations, interventions, comparators, reports versus studies, endpoints, denominators and harms were referenced.
- Related sources: S01, S02

## Evidence and sources

### S01

Jenkins EM, Nairn LN, Skelly LE, Little JP, Gibala MJ. Do stair climbing exercise 'snacks' improve cardiorespiratory fitness? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2019;44(6):681-684. PMID: 30649897. DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675.

[PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30649897/)

Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread  
Findings recorded in the summary: Between-group P=.003; exact effect and 95% CI unverified  
Record level: For the selected glucose question, this is separate 6-week fitness background. Preserve original 24 participants (12/12), between-group VO2peak P=.003, approximately 5% wording and missing exact effects/95% CIs. These results, denominators, no-training comparison and duration are not direct evidence of acute glucose success.  
Independent replication: Parent 2996 and the fitness/glucose sheets share the same two reports. S01 concerns 6-week fitness training; S02 contains two acute crossover experiments under a different 9-hour protocol, with 12 lean and 11 overweight/obese participants in separate populations. Reports, sheets, experiments and populations are not summed into new unique-trial, participant or independent-replication totals; confirmed totals, cohort relationships and independence are unverified.

| Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stored existing review summary | Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary | Stored summary | Summary read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 30649897 and DOI 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded and the evidence object has no nct key. Missing identifiers do not certify absence of registration; registration, protocol, SAP and endpoint prospective status are unverified. |
| External paper | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 30649897 and DOI 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded and the evidence object has no nct key. Missing identifiers do not certify absence of registration; registration, protocol, SAP and endpoint prospective status are unverified. |
| Registration material | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 30649897 and DOI 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded and the evidence object has no nct key. Missing identifiers do not certify absence of registration; registration, protocol, SAP and endpoint prospective status are unverified. |
| Protocol | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 30649897 and DOI 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded and the evidence object has no nct key. Missing identifiers do not certify absence of registration; registration, protocol, SAP and endpoint prospective status are unverified. |
| Statistical analysis plan | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 30649897 and DOI 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded and the evidence object has no nct key. Missing identifiers do not certify absence of registration; registration, protocol, SAP and endpoint prospective status are unverified. |
| Funding, product-support and COI material | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 30649897 and DOI 10.1139/apnm-2018-0675. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded and the evidence object has no nct key. Missing identifiers do not certify absence of registration; registration, protocol, SAP and endpoint prospective status are unverified. |

### S02

Rafiei H, Omidian K, Myette-Côté É, Little JP. Metabolic Effect of Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting with Stair Climbing Exercise Snacks. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021;53(1):150-158. PMID: 32555024. DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431.

[PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32555024/)

Materials actually read: Stored summary read; external abstracts, full texts, registration, protocols, SAPs and support disclosures unread  
Findings recorded in the summary: Overweight-group insulin −16.5%, P=.036; glucose null  
Record level: Direct report for selected acute glucose. Two experiments in one report concern separate populations of 12 lean men and 11 overweight/obese participants. Distinguish overweight-group primary insulin AUC −16.5%/P=.036/d=.94 from null glucose/triglycerides at P>.31. The grouped P wording is not each endpoint’s exact P; population-specific glucose effects, CIs, denominators and hierarchy are unverified.  
Independent replication: Parent 2996 and the fitness/glucose sheets share the same two reports. S01 concerns 6-week fitness training; S02 contains two acute crossover experiments under a different 9-hour protocol, with 12 lean and 11 overweight/obese participants in separate populations. Reports, sheets, experiments and populations are not summed into new unique-trial, participant or independent-replication totals; confirmed totals, cohort relationships and independence are unverified.

| Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stored existing review summary | Preserved copy of the complete parent-verdict stored summary | Stored summary | Summary read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 32555024 and DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded. No new registry/full-text URLs are inferred; original primary-insulin wording is distinguished from actual registration/analysis prospective status. |
| External paper | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 32555024 and DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded. No new registry/full-text URLs are inferred; original primary-insulin wording is distinguished from actual registration/analysis prospective status. |
| Registration material | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 32555024 and DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded. No new registry/full-text URLs are inferred; original primary-insulin wording is distinguished from actual registration/analysis prospective status. |
| Protocol | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 32555024 and DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded. No new registry/full-text URLs are inferred; original primary-insulin wording is distinguished from actual registration/analysis prospective status. |
| Statistical analysis plan | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 32555024 and DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded. No new registry/full-text URLs are inferred; original primary-insulin wording is distinguished from actual registration/analysis prospective status. |
| Funding, product-support and COI material | Original bibliographic link or needed material; external public availability/access status unverified | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | Preserve the original PubMed URL, PMID 32555024 and DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002431. PMCID/registration identifiers are unrecorded. No new registry/full-text URLs are inferred; original primary-insulin wording is distinguished from actual registration/analysis prospective status. |

## Review criteria and methods

These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the relevant sections of official methodological guidance. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score.

- M03 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03) · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13 · Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M04 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04) · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42 · Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M08 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08) · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a · Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M15 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15) · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3 · Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.
- M19 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19) · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4 · Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates. · Existing methodological links were reused for production. External originals were not reread and methodological content was not reassessed.

## What the statuses mean

- Met: A state used when required evidence is confirmed after user review. This production does not declare that review complete.
- Partly verified: Some information in the stored summary is linked into the table. External comparison/content review is not complete.
- Unverified: The article leaves this unverified, or required material is absent from the current stored summary. This is distinct from zero, absence or safety.
- Review incomplete: User review pending.
- Not reported: Not reported within the stored material actually read; not extended to the entire primary paper.
- Inaccessible: Means an actual access failure. Access not attempted here is not assigned this state.
- Not applicable: Not used as a substitute for an evidence gap.
- Conflicting data: Requires an observed disagreement under the same comparison criteria; not automatically judged in this production.
- Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Marks a gap in additional material required by the selected conditions; not a new efficacy grade.

## Change history

2026-10-16 · Public page/materials 1.0. Public pages and materials were created from the existing 29 items. No new clinical search, verification-status change or scoring was performed.