# App-based ankle exercise × Recurrence prevention — Delivery differences from balance boards and gaps in direct applicability Verdict 2975 · Evidence Check Stored-material review date: Not recorded Original evidence cut-off: 2026-08-26 Review-criteria version: 1.0 Public page/material preparation date: 2026-10-14 Clinical papers were not read directly; existing review summaries were checked. No new clinical-literature search was performed. Unverified does not mean that research is absent or that there is no effect. ## Assessment scope - Population: 2BFit: 522 athletes aged 12–70 after previous ankle sprain, 256/266. The 2023 primary-care app trial had 165 participants; population details remain unidentified and concern separate context. - Ingredient, formulation and route: Eight-week home neuromuscular training with board, exercise sheets, DVD and web materials after usual care, separated from app delivery/bracing comparisons. - Dose: Original study exposure: three times weekly, up to 30 minutes, for eight weeks. 2023 app exposure details remain unverified. No new totals, device/app recommendations or exercise instructions. - Comparator: 2BFit usual care. App-comparator details remain unverified; 2014 bracing comparison/2017 review concern different contexts. - Measured outcome: Selected claim: recurrence prevention by every app-based ankle exercise; distinguish the null 2023 app HR from specific balance-board effects, bracing and review contexts - Duration: 2BFit eight-week intervention/12-month follow-up. App-intervention/follow-up details remain unverified. The 2014 context compared 12-month bracing with eight-week training; the 2017 recurrence context concerned 12 months. - Questions outside this scope: Repurposing specific balance-board-program effects to all apps/ankle exercises/other populations or durations; Mixing app HR, board RR, bracing/review results, people/events/exposure units or denominators; Creating new causality/safety/equivalence/superiority/independence certification from original adherence/attrition/reporting limitations; Adding the same people, ankles, arms, events, times, citations, related sheets and review-included trials as new independent trials/participants; New calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions ## Checklist items ### N01 · Which existing all-app claim is being transferred? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The selected claim concerns recurrence prevention by any app-based ankle exercise. Its original subclaim grade is D; the note concerns the null 2023 trial with a different delivery method. Missing subclaim scores/status/axes are distinguished from the parent balance-board score of B with 76 points. There is no reassessment that every app has exactly zero effect. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Definitions of the app/training/population/comparator, recurrence endpoint and duration, plus review of the claim boundary. Parent scores/effects are not transferred to the subclaim. - Required materials and conditions: The broad wording, subclaim grade and parent B grade - Materials to obtain first: Definitions of the app/training/population/comparator, recurrence endpoint and duration, plus review of the claim boundary. Parent scores/effects are not transferred to the subclaim. - Further research: Materials needed: Definitions of the app/training/population/comparator, recurrence endpoint and duration, plus review of the claim boundary. Parent scores/effects are not transferred to the subclaim. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for the broad wording, subclaim grade and parent B grade together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect the broad wording, subclaim grade and parent B grade with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N02 · Does direct evidence cover every app? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original advertising interpretation explains that this does not mean every ankle-exercise app prevents recurrence: the result is limited to the eight-week program providing a balance board, sheets, DVD and web materials. Direct evidence accounting for differences in all apps/programs, their content, exposure and support remains unverified. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: App identity/version, content/support, actual exposure, population/comparator/endpoint and direct comparisons/applicability. No app/device recommendations or training instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Applicability of delivery, content and support - Materials to obtain first: App identity/version, content/support, actual exposure, population/comparator/endpoint and direct comparisons/applicability. No app/device recommendations or training instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: App identity/version, content/support, actual exposure, population/comparator/endpoint and direct comparisons/applicability. No app/device recommendations or training instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for applicability of delivery, content and support together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect applicability of delivery, content and support with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N03 · Was 2BFit a trial of an app alone? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: 2BFit used eight weeks of home neuromuscular training with a balance board, sheets, DVD and web materials after usual care. Including web materials does not newly define the trial as testing an app alone, every app or the board alone. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Components/exposure, support/contact, adherence and direct comparisons with apps/other delivery methods. No certification separating the effects of individual components in the combined program. - Required materials and conditions: The specific combined delivery program and its components - Materials to obtain first: Components/exposure, support/contact, adherence and direct comparisons with apps/other delivery methods. No certification separating the effects of individual components in the combined program. - Further research: Materials needed: Components/exposure, support/contact, adherence and direct comparisons with apps/other delivery methods. No certification separating the effects of individual components in the combined program. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for the specific combined delivery program and its components together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect the specific combined delivery program and its components with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N04 · How much is known about the population and identity of the 2023 app trial? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original counterview records a 2023 primary-care app trial in 165 people. Formal bibliography/registration, app name/version, previous sprains/age, eligibility, actual intervention/comparator and duration are not detailed. The 2BFit information on 522 athletes aged 12 to 70 is not copied to the app trial. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Exact paper/registration, app/population/intervention/comparator/duration and endpoint/denominator materials. Unread external materials or unidentified bibliography are not changed into absence of research. - Required materials and conditions: Primary-care trial in 165 people and an unidentified report - Materials to obtain first: Exact paper/registration, app/population/intervention/comparator/duration and endpoint/denominator materials. Unread external materials or unidentified bibliography are not changed into absence of research. - Further research: Materials needed: Exact paper/registration, app/population/intervention/comparator/duration and endpoint/denominator materials. Unread external materials or unidentified bibliography are not changed into absence of research. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for primary-care trial in 165 people and an unidentified report together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect primary-care trial in 165 people and an unidentified report with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R02 ### N05 · Are the app HR and balance-board RR distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original app result is described as null, HR 1.14 (0.59 to 2.21). This is a different effect measure and trial from 2BFit's adjusted RR 0.63. It is not newly judged to establish zero effect for every app, equivalence, harm or an identical comparison. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: The app estimand, model/adjustment, follow-up/testing, denominators/event counts and original CI/prespecified threshold. No HR/RR conversion or new effect/CI calculation. - Required materials and conditions: App HR 1.14 and CI 0.59 to 2.21 - Materials to obtain first: The app estimand, model/adjustment, follow-up/testing, denominators/event counts and original CI/prespecified threshold. No HR/RR conversion or new effect/CI calculation. - Further research: Materials needed: The app estimand, model/adjustment, follow-up/testing, denominators/event counts and original CI/prespecified threshold. No HR/RR conversion or new effect/CI calculation. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for app HR 1.14 and CI 0.59 to 2.21 together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect app HR 1.14 and CI 0.59 to 2.21 with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N06 · Have app adherence of 6.1% and balance-board adherence of 23% been certified as comparable? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Original app adherence of 6.1% and 2BFit full adherence of 58/256 (23%) remain in their respective contexts. Differences in adherence definitions, denominators and measurement are unverified; no causal conclusion that low adherence caused the null result or a new adherence difference is created. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Adherence definitions in both studies, actual exposure, aggregation/missingness, support, direct comparisons and analysis. No new adherer effects, differences or rates. - Required materials and conditions: Adherence in different programs - Materials to obtain first: Adherence definitions in both studies, actual exposure, aggregation/missingness, support, direct comparisons and analysis. No new adherer effects, differences or rates. - Further research: Materials needed: Adherence definitions in both studies, actual exposure, aggregation/missingness, support, direct comparisons and analysis. No new adherer effects, differences or rates. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for adherence in different programs together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect adherence in different programs with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N07 · Are the app's actual comparator and concomitant care known? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The app trial is described only as primary care/another delivery method in the original summary. Comparator identity, concomitant care/contamination and exposure remain unverified. 2BFit's usual-care comparator or the bracing comparison is not automatically used as the app comparator. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: The actual app comparator, concomitant care/training, contact/expectations, contamination and recovery/sports exposure. Different comparisons are not combined. - Required materials and conditions: The unverified app comparator and usual-care comparator - Materials to obtain first: The actual app comparator, concomitant care/training, contact/expectations, contamination and recovery/sports exposure. Different comparisons are not combined. - Further research: Materials needed: The actual app comparator, concomitant care/training, contact/expectations, contamination and recovery/sports exposure. Different comparisons are not combined. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for the unverified app comparator and usual-care comparator together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect the unverified app comparator and usual-care comparator with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R02 ### N08 · Are the app recurrence endpoint and prespecified hierarchy verified? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original app HR is described as null, but details of recurrence definitions, same/other ankle, first/repeated events, confirmation and prespecified endpoints are absent. 2BFit's monthly reporting, independent adjudication and primary-endpoint definition are not copied to the app trial. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Original app endpoints, registration/SAP, event counting, adjudication/measurement, prespecified hierarchy and all results. Unverified details are not all declared unmeasured. - Required materials and conditions: Exact app events and primary/secondary plans - Materials to obtain first: Original app endpoints, registration/SAP, event counting, adjudication/measurement, prespecified hierarchy and all results. Unverified details are not all declared unmeasured. - Further research: Materials needed: Original app endpoints, registration/SAP, event counting, adjudication/measurement, prespecified hierarchy and all results. Unverified details are not all declared unmeasured. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for exact app events and primary/secondary plans together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect exact app events and primary/secondary plans with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N09 · Are app duration and 2BFit's eight weeks/12 months kept separate? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: 2BFit used an eight-week program with 12-month follow-up; the original app reference does not provide exact intervention/follow-up duration. Those periods or three sessions weekly/up to 30 minutes are not transferred as app-trial exposure. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Actual app duration/exposure/adherence, observation/attrition, time-specific results and comparability. No new day counts/total dose or exercise instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Gaps in applying intervention and follow-up time points - Materials to obtain first: Actual app duration/exposure/adherence, observation/attrition, time-specific results and comparability. No new day counts/total dose or exercise instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: Actual app duration/exposure/adherence, observation/attrition, time-specific results and comparability. No new day counts/total dose or exercise instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for gaps in applying intervention and follow-up time points together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect gaps in applying intervention and follow-up time points with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N10 · Has the positive balance-board result been transferred to every app? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Original 2BFit results of 56/256 versus 89/266, adjusted RR 0.63 (CI 0.45 to 0.88), NNT 9 and original −11 percentage points are limited to the specific balance-board delivery program. They are not copied as values for the app HR or prevention by every app. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Direct app/board comparisons, population/intervention/comparator, events/duration and effect/CI/denominator materials. No new pooled effects or product/treatment recommendations. - Required materials and conditions: Limits of 2BFit's one-year 22% versus 33%, RR and NNT - Materials to obtain first: Direct app/board comparisons, population/intervention/comparator, events/duration and effect/CI/denominator materials. No new pooled effects or product/treatment recommendations. - Further research: Materials needed: Direct app/board comparisons, population/intervention/comparator, events/duration and effect/CI/denominator materials. No new pooled effects or product/treatment recommendations. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for limits of 2BFit's one-year 22% versus 33%, RR and NNT together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect limits of 2BFit's one-year 22% versus 33%, RR and NNT with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N11 · Are 165 app participants kept separate from events and denominators? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original app count of 165 people is recorded; group allocation/completion/analysis, recurrence events/observation and attrition are not detailed. The board trial's 256/266, 56/89 and 14% attrition are not copied to the app, and new group-specific app numbers are not divided out. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: The app flow diagram, event/observation/analysis denominators, people/ankles/repetition/exposure time and missing-data materials. No new group denominators or participant totals. - Required materials and conditions: App participant count and unverified events by group - Materials to obtain first: The app flow diagram, event/observation/analysis denominators, people/ankles/repetition/exposure time and missing-data materials. No new group denominators or participant totals. - Further research: Materials needed: The app flow diagram, event/observation/analysis denominators, people/ankles/repetition/exposure time and missing-data materials. No new group denominators or participant totals. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for app participant count and unverified events by group together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect app participant count and unverified events by group with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N12 · Are the direct effects of delivery separated from content and adherence? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original materials explain that supplying a balance board/DVD differs from app delivery in primary care. Direct evidence separating which content, support, population/exposure or adherence component produced the difference is absent. Causes or superiority attributable only to app delivery are not newly established. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Direct comparisons matching content/exposure, support/contact/adherence, population/comparator and results/denominators. No app/device selection or exercise instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Comparison gaps between combined support and app delivery - Materials to obtain first: Direct comparisons matching content/exposure, support/contact/adherence, population/comparator and results/denominators. No app/device selection or exercise instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: Direct comparisons matching content/exposure, support/contact/adherence, population/comparator and results/denominators. No app/device selection or exercise instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for comparison gaps between combined support and app delivery together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect comparison gaps between combined support and app delivery with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N13 · Has the 2014 bracing superiority result been transferred to app effects? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original 2014 reference compares 12-month bracing, described as superior, with eight-week training. Bibliography, population/denominators, exact effects/CI and events/exposure are unverified. This is not substituted for the app comparator, app effect or the effect of all exercise. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: The original 2014 report, registration, actual bracing/training, duration/adherence and event/denominator/effect/CI materials. No brace/device recommendations or treatment instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Twelve-month bracing versus eight-week training - Materials to obtain first: The original 2014 report, registration, actual bracing/training, duration/adherence and event/denominator/effect/CI materials. No brace/device recommendations or treatment instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: The original 2014 report, registration, actual bracing/training, duration/adherence and event/denominator/effect/CI materials. No brace/device recommendations or treatment instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for twelve-month bracing versus eight-week training together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect twelve-month bracing versus eight-week training with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R03 ### N14 · Has no difference in the 2017 review been expressed as equivalence? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original 2017 review reference says no difference in 12-month recurrence rates was found between training and bracing. Included trials/overlap, effects/CI, heterogeneity and precise formulation/delivery are absent. This is not changed into equivalence, effects of every app or certification of independent trial counts. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Review bibliography/methods, included reports/trials, overlap, direct comparisons/duration and effects/CI. No new pooled effect/CI or unique-trial-count calculation. - Required materials and conditions: Review of 12-month recurrence rates with training/bracing - Materials to obtain first: Review bibliography/methods, included reports/trials, overlap, direct comparisons/duration and effects/CI. No new pooled effect/CI or unique-trial-count calculation. - Further research: Materials needed: Review bibliography/methods, included reports/trials, overlap, direct comparisons/duration and effects/CI. No new pooled effect/CI or unique-trial-count calculation. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for review of 12-month recurrence rates with training/bracing together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect review of 12-month recurrence rates with training/bracing with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R04 ### N15 · Have ascertainment procedures been automatically transferred to the app trial? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: 2BFit used monthly self-report followed by adjudication by a masked physiotherapist/researcher. App reporting, confirmation and masking are not detailed in the original reference. The shared word recurrence does not certify identical measurement accuracy. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: App event reporting/omissions, independent adjudication, examination/clinical confirmation, masking, expectations and original materials. No formal RoB assessment or grade change. - Required materials and conditions: 2BFit self-report/masked adjudication and unverified app procedures - Materials to obtain first: App event reporting/omissions, independent adjudication, examination/clinical confirmation, masking, expectations and original materials. No formal RoB assessment or grade change. - Further research: Materials needed: App event reporting/omissions, independent adjudication, examination/clinical confirmation, masking, expectations and original materials. No formal RoB assessment or grade change. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for 2BFit self-report/masked adjudication and unverified app procedures together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect 2BFit self-report/masked adjudication and unverified app procedures with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N16 · Have different trials been newly counted as direct conflict or independent replication? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The original counterview did not count the app trial as direct conflict with 2BFit because delivery differed. That original boundary remains; a single bibliography, unidentified contexts and studies included in a review are not newly certified as independent replications. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Same/different cohorts, population/intervention/comparator/events, independence/overlap and direct comparability for each report. No new reassessment or independence calculation. - Required materials and conditions: Original delivery differences and applicability of comparisons - Materials to obtain first: Same/different cohorts, population/intervention/comparator/events, independence/overlap and direct comparability for each report. No new reassessment or independence calculation. - Further research: Materials needed: Same/different cohorts, population/intervention/comparator/events, independence/overlap and direct comparability for each report. No new reassessment or independence calculation. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for original delivery differences and applicability of comparisons together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect original delivery differences and applicability of comparisons with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N17 · Has recurrence prevention by every app been extended to broader populations? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The parent record concerns one-year recurrence in previously injured athletes using a specific program. It is not extended to every app, the general population, another ankle, first injuries or prevention across all periods. The original app population/comparison/time are not detailed. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Direct population/intervention/comparator, recurrence/first injury, duration and denominator/effect/CI materials for each applicability question. No rehabilitation/prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Applicability gaps by program, population and duration - Materials to obtain first: Direct population/intervention/comparator, recurrence/first injury, duration and denominator/effect/CI materials for each applicability question. No rehabilitation/prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: Direct population/intervention/comparator, recurrence/first injury, duration and denominator/effect/CI materials for each applicability question. No rehabilitation/prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for applicability gaps by program, population and duration together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect applicability gaps by program, population and duration with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N18 · Has a new method to solve low adherence been created? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Original adherence of 23% and app adherence of 6.1% are reports in their own contexts. This records material gaps without creating a specific app choice, encouragement/exercise method, device/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention or treatment-replacement plan. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Materials explaining actual exposure/support, adherence measurement, deviations/contamination and direct effects. Distinguish subsequent material work after content review from authority to provide practical instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Distinguishing research exposure/delivery gaps from instructions - Materials to obtain first: Materials explaining actual exposure/support, adherence measurement, deviations/contamination and direct effects. Distinguish subsequent material work after content review from authority to provide practical instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: Materials explaining actual exposure/support, adherence measurement, deviations/contamination and direct effects. Distinguish subsequent material work after content review from authority to provide practical instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for distinguishing research exposure/delivery gaps from instructions together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect distinguishing research exposure/delivery gaps from instructions with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N19 · Is the safety of apps or other delivery methods known? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: 2BFit has gaps in separate collection/reporting of exercise AE tables; app/bracing/review references lack detailed harms. The board trial's reporting limits are not copied as facts from the app report, and harmlessness or harmfulness of every app is not newly asserted. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Study-specific AE/discontinuation, actual exposure, events/denominators/attribution and long-term/rare-harm materials. No device/app recommendations or exercise/rehabilitation/prevention instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Study-specific harm collection, exposure and denominators - Materials to obtain first: Study-specific AE/discontinuation, actual exposure, events/denominators/attribution and long-term/rare-harm materials. No device/app recommendations or exercise/rehabilitation/prevention instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: Study-specific AE/discontinuation, actual exposure, events/denominators/attribution and long-term/rare-harm materials. No device/app recommendations or exercise/rehabilitation/prevention instructions. Only requests/material needs are recorded; no search or research is performed in this work. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for study-specific harm collection, exposure and denominators together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect study-specific harm collection, exposure and denominators with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N20 · What was actually read/identified? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The complete preserved parent summary was read for production and retained in the original archive. The single citation identifies 2BFit; three app/bracing/review entries are unidentified counterview contexts. All external abstracts/full texts/registration/plans remain unread. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Exact report citations/originals, acquisition/reading scope, versions/dates. URLs/historical quotations are not upgraded to current reading; no external-link/access testing. - Required materials and conditions: Preserved summary/original citation versus unidentified reference contexts - Materials to obtain first: Exact report citations/originals, acquisition/reading scope, versions/dates. URLs/historical quotations are not upgraded to current reading; no external-link/access testing. - Further research: Materials needed: Exact report citations/originals, acquisition/reading scope, versions/dates. URLs/historical quotations are not upgraded to current reading; no external-link/access testing. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for preserved summary/original citation versus unidentified reference contexts together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect preserved summary/original citation versus unidentified reference contexts with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N21 · Are registration dates/prespecification treated as current certification? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Original evidence/Korean text describes matching ISRCTN34177180 with the self-reported recurrence primary endpoint. Original study facts say the first registration public date was unestablished, so prospective registration was not asserted. App/bracing/review registrations are unidentified. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Actual registration versions/publication, start/amendment timing and endpoints/plans. No guessed official URLs, new registration reading or prespecification certification. - Required materials and conditions: ISRCTN34177180 and unestablished first public date - Materials to obtain first: Actual registration versions/publication, start/amendment timing and endpoints/plans. No guessed official URLs, new registration reading or prespecification certification. - Further research: Materials needed: Actual registration versions/publication, start/amendment timing and endpoints/plans. No guessed official URLs, new registration reading or prespecification certification. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for iSRCTN34177180 and unestablished first public date together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect iSRCTN34177180 and unestablished first public date with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N22 · Were protocol/SAP and estimand/missingness plans acquired? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Preserve original primary/ITT/allocation/adjudication descriptions and historical cross-checking. Each trial’s protocol/SAP, versions/timing and missingness/multiplicity/analysis plans were not acquired/read now. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Original protocols/SAP, amendment histories, endpoints/models/people/events/exposure, missingness/sensitivity and public timing. Unread external materials do not establish document absence. - Required materials and conditions: Separate prespecified-plan/analysis/amendment materials - Materials to obtain first: Original protocols/SAP, amendment histories, endpoints/models/people/events/exposure, missingness/sensitivity and public timing. Unread external materials do not establish document absence. - Further research: Materials needed: Original protocols/SAP, amendment histories, endpoints/models/people/events/exposure, missingness/sensitivity and public timing. Unread external materials do not establish document absence. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for separate prespecified-plan/analysis/amendment materials together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect separate prespecified-plan/analysis/amendment materials with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N23 · Are public funding, board supply and company involvement separated? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: 2BFit had ZonMw grant 750-20-002, declarations of no financial benefit/competing interests and Avanco AB boards supplied to participants. Preserve the original limitation that manufacturer donation/funding/analysis/writing/publication support was not reported. Supply is not manufacturer donation; employee authors/roles and app/bracing/review funding remain unverified now. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Item-specific company funding, product support, employee authors, design/analysis/data control and other support for each study. I2 does not establish absence of every item or independence certification. - Required materials and conditions: 2BFit support versus unverified other contexts - Materials to obtain first: Item-specific company funding, product support, employee authors, design/analysis/data control and other support for each study. I2 does not establish absence of every item or independence certification. - Further research: Materials needed: Item-specific company funding, product support, employee authors, design/analysis/data control and other support for each study. I2 does not establish absence of every item or independence certification. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for 2BFit support versus unverified other contexts together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect 2BFit support versus unverified other contexts with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N24 · Are specific positive effects, different-delivery null results and unverified details distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Positive 2BFit recurrence, null 2023 app HR, 2014 bracing superiority and no difference in the 2017 review concern different contexts. Separate original descriptions from unverified citation/effect/harm details; no new verdict on broad claims. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Report-specific direct populations/interventions/comparators, endpoints/durations, effects/CI/denominators and actual access. Unread does not mean unreported; null does not mean zero effect/equivalence. - Required materials and conditions: Question/comparison-specific results and reading status - Materials to obtain first: Report-specific direct populations/interventions/comparators, endpoints/durations, effects/CI/denominators and actual access. Unread does not mean unreported; null does not mean zero effect/equivalence. - Further research: Materials needed: Report-specific direct populations/interventions/comparators, endpoints/durations, effects/CI/denominators and actual access. Unread does not mean unreported; null does not mean zero effect/equivalence. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for question/comparison-specific results and reading status together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect question/comparison-specific results and reading status with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N25 · Are one original citation and three reference contexts counted as unique trials? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Parent 2975 and its s0/s1 claims share original 2BFit citation/trial context and counterview mentions of the 2023 app, 2014 bracing and 2017 review. The same people, ankles, arms, events, times, citations, related sheets and review-included trials are not newly added as independent trials/participants. Four links comprise one identified paper and three unidentified contexts, including a 2017 review; they are not certification of four unique clinical trials or participant totals. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Citations/registration, review-included reports/overlap, cohorts/analysis, endpoints/repetition relationships. Unique trial/participant totals remain unrecorded. - Required materials and conditions: Document/context items versus trials/participants - Materials to obtain first: Citations/registration, review-included reports/overlap, cohorts/analysis, endpoints/repetition relationships. Unique trial/participant totals remain unrecorded. - Further research: Materials needed: Citations/registration, review-included reports/overlap, cohorts/analysis, endpoints/repetition relationships. Unique trial/participant totals remain unrecorded. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for document/context items versus trials/participants together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect document/context items versus trials/participants with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N26 · Are original single confirmation and independent replication distinguished? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Preserve parent replication R1/independence I2 and the original single confirmatory-trial description. App/bracing/review contexts are not counted as new same-condition independent replication/conflicts or unique-trial certification. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Separate prespecified, direct population/delivery/comparator/events, effects/CI/denominators, funding/author relationships and overlap materials for the selected question. No search/independence determination now. - Required materials and conditions: Parent R1/I2 and comparison/delivery differences - Materials to obtain first: Separate prespecified, direct population/delivery/comparator/events, effects/CI/denominators, funding/author relationships and overlap materials for the selected question. No search/independence determination now. - Further research: Materials needed: Separate prespecified, direct population/delivery/comparator/events, effects/CI/denominators, funding/author relationships and overlap materials for the selected question. No search/independence determination now. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for parent R1/I2 and comparison/delivery differences together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect parent R1/I2 and comparison/delivery differences with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N27 · Are the subclaim grade and parent score/axes preserved? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The selected subclaim's D grade, note and bilingual question are preserved; absent subclaim scores/status/axes remain unrecorded. Parent B with 76 points, unknown safety, B/H/R1/I2/E+/B0, unrecorded precision and the true big-hard-RCT indicator remain parent context and do not fill subclaim values. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: User subclaim/parent-boundary review and actual correction materials. No new score/grade or official RoB 2/GRADE certification. - Required materials and conditions: Selected D grade, missing subclaim values and parent B with 76 points - Materials to obtain first: User subclaim/parent-boundary review and actual correction materials. No new score/grade or official RoB 2/GRADE certification. - Further research: Materials needed: User subclaim/parent-boundary review and actual correction materials. No new score/grade or official RoB 2/GRADE certification. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for selected D grade, missing subclaim values and parent B with 76 points together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect selected D grade, missing subclaim values and parent B with 76 points with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N28 · Are both languages, citations and absent fields preserved? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Preserve original parent bilingual quotations/descriptions, evidence, citations and axes and selected-subclaim values in the complete original archive. Classification fields are absent and no new original fields are filled. No English-paper comparison now. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: User review of languages/terminology, event/exposure units, absences and selected scope. Distinguish production descriptions from original values. - Required materials and conditions: Both original languages and absent separate classification information - Materials to obtain first: User review of languages/terminology, event/exposure units, absences and selected scope. Distinguish production descriptions from original values. - Further research: Materials needed: User review of languages/terminology, event/exposure units, absences and selected scope. Distinguish production descriptions from original values. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for original bilingual text and absent classification fields together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect original bilingual text and absent classification fields with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N29 · Are source dates/corrections/history separated from production dates? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: Preserve original evidence date 2026-08-26, empty corrections/deliberation and verdict-decision cross-checking. Historical quotations/registration matching differ from current production, condition freezing/application and completed content review. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Update materials separating originals, events, conditions/observations and verdict decisions when new evidence/corrections arise. Historical wording is not completed clinical content review here. - Required materials and conditions: Original 2026-08-26 and new conditions/application - Materials to obtain first: Update materials separating originals, events, conditions/observations and verdict decisions when new evidence/corrections arise. Historical wording is not completed clinical content review here. - Further research: Materials needed: Update materials separating originals, events, conditions/observations and verdict decisions when new evidence/corrections arise. Historical wording is not completed clinical content review here. Only material requests/research needs are recorded; no search or research was performed in that production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for original 2026-08-26 versus new conditions/application together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect original 2026-08-26 versus new conditions/application with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ### N30 · What direct materials would fill the selected gaps? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: The all-app claim requires program-specific direct population/delivery/comparator/event/duration materials and comparability. A positive 2BFit result or one null app result does not create a general conclusion. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Question-specific tables/plans, direct comparisons/applicability, effects/CI, people/ankle/event/exposure denominators, missingness/adherence, separate confirmation and long-term harms. Need recorded only; no search/research now. - Required materials and conditions: Direct population/delivery/events, effects/CI and denominators - Materials to obtain first: Question-specific tables/plans, direct comparisons/applicability, effects/CI, people/ankle/event/exposure denominators, missingness/adherence, separate confirmation and long-term harms. Need recorded only; no search/research now. - Further research: Materials needed: Question-specific tables/plans, direct comparisons/applicability, effects/CI, people/ankle/event/exposure denominators, missingness/adherence, separate confirmation and long-term harms. Need recorded only; no search/research now. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for direct population/delivery/events, effects/CI and denominators together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect direct population/delivery/events, effects/CI and denominators with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01, R02, R03, R04 ### N31 · Are applicability records separated from content review and instructions? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/protocols/SAP remain unread - Current findings: These are summary-based applicability records. Existing content/question-boundary review remains incomplete; candidate pending/eligible markers are preserved as history. - Why unverified: Production observation distinguishing selected/parent, identified reports/reference contexts and comparison/endpoint materials in the preserved summary. Detailed originals remain unverified and existing content review incomplete; this does not establish passed review/clinical certification. - Reason for missing information: Content review and subsequent actual evidence/correction work. Original content-production scope excludes clinical QA/testing, external-link/access/web/API research, new calculations/grades and device/app recommendations or exercise/rehabilitation/prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Applicability records, existing candidate history and content review - Materials to obtain first: Content review and subsequent actual evidence/correction work. Original content-production scope excludes clinical QA/testing, external-link/access/web/API research, new calculations/grades and device/app recommendations or exercise/rehabilitation/prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Further research: Materials needed: Content review and subsequent actual evidence/correction work. Original content-production scope excludes clinical QA/testing, external-link/access/web/API research, new calculations/grades and device/app recommendations or exercise/rehabilitation/prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. Only material-request/research needs are recorded; no search/research was performed in this production. - Conditions for verification: Show original materials for production request, candidate history and content review together with selected-subclaim/parent boundaries, direct endpoints/estimands, denominators/exposure and the scope of external reading. - Why this condition is needed: Needed to connect production request, candidate history and content review with the selected question, actual population/intervention/comparator, endpoints/time points/estimands, denominators/repetition/exposure and reports/harms. - Application exceptions: Distinguish the broad all-app claim, the unidentified 2023 primary-care app, HR/adherence and unverified population/comparator/duration/events/denominators from 2BFit’s specific delivery effects, bracing/review contexts, direct comparisons/applicability and study-specific harms. Preserve original numbers only; no new calculations, invented quantities, effects/CI, grades/reassessment, independence certification or device/app recommendations/exercise/rehabilitation/recurrence-prevention/treatment-replacement instructions. - Remaining uncertainty: External original materials remain unread and existing content review is incomplete. Original grades/scores/axes and historical verification/independence descriptions are not upgraded to new verdicts/certification. - Referenced methods: Existing C/E/H distinctions of questions, populations, interventions, comparisons, reports/trials, endpoints/denominators and harms referenced for production - Related sources: R01 ## Evidence and sources ### R01 Hupperets MDW, et al. Effect of unsupervised home based proprioceptive training on recurrences of ankle sprain. BMJ. 2009;339:b2684. PMID: 19589822. [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19589822/) Materials actually read: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/plans remain unread Findings recorded in the summary: 56/256 (22%) versus 89/266 (33%); adjusted RR 0.63 (0.45–0.88), NNT 9 Record level: 2BFit core-endpoint summary from the original evidence list, separated from other contexts Independent replication: The 2BFit core one-year same-ankle recurrence trial concerns a specific eight-week program combining a board and delivery support. The app context used different delivery and was not counted as direct conflict with 2BFit. Bracing versus training is a different comparison and is not repurposed as app effects/equal-duration comparison. The review context is not an independent clinical trial; no difference does not certify equivalence. Parent 2975 and its s0/s1 claims share the original 2BFit citation/trial context and counterview mentions of the 2023 app, 2014 bracing and 2017 review. The same people, ankles, arms, events, times, citations, related sheets and review-included trials are not newly added as independent trials/participants. These are provisional reference-context items; actual cohort/independence and review-included-study relationships remain incompletely reviewed. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored summary | Local preserved copy of the complete parent summary | Stored summary read | Summary read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External abstract | Original identifier/bibliography or required-material entry; public availability/access details remain unverified | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External full text | Original identifier/bibliography or required-material entry; public availability/access details remain unverified | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Registration material | Original identifier/bibliography or required-material entry; public availability/access details remain unverified | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Protocol/SAP | Original identifier/bibliography or required-material entry; public availability/access details remain unverified | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | ### R02 2023 primary-care app trial — Unidentified reference context in the original counterview Materials actually read: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/plans remain unread Findings recorded in the summary: Original counterview: 165 participants, null HR 1.14 (0.59–2.21), adherence 6.1%. Exact citation/design/comparator/duration and denominator details remain unverified. Record level: Separate reference-context summary in the original counterview; no separate evidence/citation-list entry or exact citation Independent replication: The 2BFit core one-year same-ankle recurrence trial concerns a specific eight-week program combining a board and delivery support. The app context used different delivery and was not counted as direct conflict with 2BFit. Bracing versus training is a different comparison and is not repurposed as app effects/equal-duration comparison. The review context is not an independent clinical trial; no difference does not certify equivalence. Parent 2975 and its s0/s1 claims share the original 2BFit citation/trial context and counterview mentions of the 2023 app, 2014 bracing and 2017 review. The same people, ankles, arms, events, times, citations, related sheets and review-included trials are not newly added as independent trials/participants. These are provisional reference-context items; actual cohort/independence and review-included-study relationships remain incompletely reviewed. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored summary | Local preserved copy of the complete parent summary | Stored summary read | Summary read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External abstract | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External full text | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Registration material | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Protocol/SAP | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | ### R03 2014 bracing comparison trial — Unidentified reference context in the original counterview Materials actually read: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/plans remain unread Findings recorded in the summary: Original counterview: 12-month bracing superior to eight-week training; exact effects/CI, population/denominators and citation remain unverified. Record level: Separate reference-context summary in the original counterview; no separate evidence/citation-list entry or exact citation Independent replication: The 2BFit core one-year same-ankle recurrence trial concerns a specific eight-week program combining a board and delivery support. The app context used different delivery and was not counted as direct conflict with 2BFit. Bracing versus training is a different comparison and is not repurposed as app effects/equal-duration comparison. The review context is not an independent clinical trial; no difference does not certify equivalence. Parent 2975 and its s0/s1 claims share the original 2BFit citation/trial context and counterview mentions of the 2023 app, 2014 bracing and 2017 review. The same people, ankles, arms, events, times, citations, related sheets and review-included trials are not newly added as independent trials/participants. These are provisional reference-context items; actual cohort/independence and review-included-study relationships remain incompletely reviewed. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored summary | Local preserved copy of the complete parent summary | Stored summary read | Summary read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External abstract | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External full text | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Registration material | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Protocol/SAP | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | ### R04 2017 training/bracing review — Unidentified reference context in the original counterview Materials actually read: Preserved summary read; external abstracts/full texts/registrations/plans remain unread Findings recorded in the summary: Original counterview: no 12-month recurrence difference found between training/bracing; original review/included trials/effects/CI remain unverified. Record level: Separate reference-context summary in the original counterview; no separate evidence/citation-list entry or exact citation Independent replication: The 2BFit core one-year same-ankle recurrence trial concerns a specific eight-week program combining a board and delivery support. The app context used different delivery and was not counted as direct conflict with 2BFit. Bracing versus training is a different comparison and is not repurposed as app effects/equal-duration comparison. The review context is not an independent clinical trial; no difference does not certify equivalence. Parent 2975 and its s0/s1 claims share the original 2BFit citation/trial context and counterview mentions of the 2023 app, 2014 bracing and 2017 review. The same people, ankles, arms, events, times, citations, related sheets and review-included trials are not newly added as independent trials/participants. These are provisional reference-context items; actual cohort/independence and review-included-study relationships remain incompletely reviewed. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored summary | Local preserved copy of the complete parent summary | Stored summary read | Summary read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External abstract | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | External full text | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Registration material | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | | Protocol/SAP | Unidentified/unacquired material items | Unread; access testing not performed | Not read | Only original PubMed URL/ISRCTN are preserved. Exact titles/authors/DOI/PMID/registration/URLs are not guessed for contexts without citations. No new external reading/access/verification certification. | ## Review criteria and methods These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the relevant sections of official methodological guidance. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score. - M03 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03) · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13 · Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions. · Link preserved methodological application records; no current clinical-content reassessment or external-link verification was performed. - M04 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04) · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42 · Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported. · Link preserved methodological application records; no current clinical-content reassessment or external-link verification was performed. - M08 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08) · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a · Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting. · Link preserved methodological application records; no current clinical-content reassessment or external-link verification was performed. - M15 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15) · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3 · Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision. · Link preserved methodological application records; no current clinical-content reassessment or external-link verification was performed. - M19 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19) · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4 · Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates. · Link preserved methodological application records; no current clinical-content reassessment or external-link verification was performed. ## What the statuses mean - Partly verified: Some information exists in the preserved review summary; detailed original materials remain unverified. This does not certify a passed review or clinical efficacy. - Unverified: Detailed materials for the selected condition could not be established within the stored scope; this does not mean zero effect, zero studies or safety - Review incomplete: Review of existing content incomplete - Met: Use only within the relevant conditions after existing content review; no automatic designation in this preparation - Not reported: Distinguish only within materials actually read; do not turn unread external materials into unreported findings - Inaccessible: Not applied during this preparation because actual access was not tested - Not applicable: Use with a reason for non-applicability based on an explicit question boundary - Conflicting data: Judge after actual material comparison; review was not performed during this preparation - Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Do not use as a clinical grade encompassing currently unread materials ## Change history 2026-10-14 · Public page/materials 1.0. A public view and materials were prepared from the existing31 items. No new clinical search, verification-status change or scoring was performed.