# Rocking bed × Sustained improvement in insomnia evidence checklist Verdict 2945 · Evidence Check Stored-material review date: Not recorded Original evidence cut-off: 2026-08-26 Review-criteria version: 1.0 Public page/material preparation date: 2026-10-11 Clinical papers were not read directly; existing review summaries were checked. No new clinical-literature search was performed. Unverified does not mean that research is absent or that there is no effect. ## Assessment scope - Population: The selected question concerns people with insomnia; the actual population in the original study was 18 healthy young adults - Ingredient, formulation and route: Original research bed rocking laterally at 0.25 Hz, one night per condition; device and exposure details unverified - Dose: Not recorded - Comparator: Stationary bed for the same participants; randomized counterbalanced crossover - Measured outcome: Direct material gap for sustained clinical improvement in insomnia; original N3, N2, and heart rate are separate physiological measures - Duration: One night per condition; repeated and long-term insomnia follow-up unverified - Questions outside this scope: Repurposing N3, N2, and heart rate from one night per condition in 18 healthy adults as sustained improvement, clinical function, or safety in people with insomnia; Calculating new differences, CIs, SDs, clinical effects, or response rates from N3 SEM, original P, or N2 ± values; Summing two nights, crossover conditions, other endpoints, or another N3 subclaim as new independent trials or participants; Changing historical non-reporting of a prespecified primary endpoint, 95% CI, and safety endpoints, or registration Not confirmed, into current original-text or plan reading or certification of absence; Changing parent C54, R1, I2, or a positive surrogate marker into a subclaim score or axes for selected grade ?, or new efficacy or safety grades; Summing the same people, groups, nights, timing, bibliography, registration, follow-up reports, or other subclaims as new independent trials, participants, or replications; Changing unreported harms, non-significant heart rate, public funding, competing-interest declarations, or unreported support and provision into zero events, overall safety, or certification of independence; Changing original registration Not confirmed or Not applicable, or funding wording for a delivery system, into actual registration identifiers, supporting institutions, or a current verification of absence; Filling absent subclaim scores, statuses, or assessment axes with parent values, or inheriting historical cross-checks as current review or external reading; New calculations, hypothetical numbers, new effects or CIs, reassessment, independence certification, or instructions for sleep treatment, devices, rehabilitation, return to work, exercise, or treatment implementation ## Checklist items ### N01 · Which exact insomnia question does this sheet cover? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The selected question is sustained improvement in insomnia. Preserve the subclaim's grade ? and note that people with insomnia or long-term use were not tested. Parent C54 concerns a one-night N3 measurement in healthy adults. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. There are no subclaim score, status, or assessment axes; do not fill them with parent values. Do not turn uncertainty into a new D, invalidity, or zero effect. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: There are no subclaim score, status, or assessment axes; do not fill them with parent values. Do not turn uncertainty into a new D, invalidity, or zero effect. - Required materials and conditions: Separation of the selected question, grade ?, and note from the parent C54 context - Materials to obtain first: Correction records for the selected claim and parent assessment - Further research: Keep the selected question, verdict record, and parent context separate. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Separation of the selected question, grade ?, and note from the parent C54 context. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Separation of the selected question, grade ?, and note from the parent C54 context - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.4 question-clarification principles; detailed separation rules are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design - Related sources: S01 ### N02 · Was sustained improvement in people with insomnia actually tested? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The stored materials describe a crossover sleep-measurement study of 18 healthy young adults with one night per condition. The original text records that people with insomnia and long-term use were not tested. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. This stored summary contains no direct patient trial or sustained clinical-improvement materials for the selected insomnia question. Do not describe absence of a new search as zero studies overall. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: This stored summary contains no direct patient trial or sustained clinical-improvement materials for the selected insomnia question. Do not describe absence of a new search as zero studies overall. - Required materials and conditions: Diagnosed insomnia population, clinical endpoints, and repeated or long-term follow-up - Materials to obtain first: Direct clinical and follow-up materials in an insomnia population - Further research: If direct materials are provided, connect them by population, endpoint, and duration. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Diagnosed insomnia population, clinical endpoints, and repeated or long-term follow-up. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Diagnosed insomnia population, clinical endpoints, and repeated or long-term follow-up - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population criteria are a Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence, and effect-modification details are Chamgap designs; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own extrapolation boundary - Related sources: S01 ### N03 · What were the actual healthy sample and recruitment conditions? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original scope of Perrault 2019 is 18 healthy young adults. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Specific ages, baseline sleep and insomnia symptoms, recruitment, and diagnostic and exclusion criteria are unverified. Do not reclassify the sample as patients. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Specific ages, baseline sleep and insomnia symptoms, recruitment, and diagnostic and exclusion criteria are unverified. Do not reclassify the sample as patients. - Required materials and conditions: Age, health and sleep status, inclusion and exclusion, and baseline conditions - Materials to obtain first: Recruitment and baseline sleep-characteristic tables - Further research: Retain differences between the healthy-population study and a clinical insomnia population. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Age, health and sleep status, inclusion and exclusion, and baseline conditions. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Age, health and sleep status, inclusion and exclusion, and baseline conditions - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1; detailed population conditions are Chamgap's own design - Related sources: S01 ### N04 · What were the research device, exposure, and stationary comparison? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original study involved one night each with a bed rocking laterally at 0.25 Hz and a stationary bed. Record original research conditions without creating device setup or use instructions. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Device and motor models, amplitude, actual operation and interruptions, matching environment and bedding, and equivalence to clinical products are unverified. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Device and motor models, amplitude, actual operation and interruptions, matching environment and bedding, and equivalence to clinical products are unverified. - Required materials and conditions: Research bed rocking laterally at 0.25 Hz, stationary condition, and actual exposure - Materials to obtain first: Device specifications and condition and actual-exposure records - Further research: Distinguish the particular research device from other devices and exposures. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Research bed rocking laterally at 0.25 Hz, stationary condition, and actual exposure. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Research bed rocking laterally at 0.25 Hz, stationary condition, and actual exposure - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.2–3.2.3; Reverse-direction labels and assessment adaptation are Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.3 and M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap application - Related sources: S01 ### N05 · What was the design for crossover sequence, periods, and repeated observations? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original account describes a randomized counterbalanced crossover trial in which 18 people spent one night in each condition. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Sequence generation and concealment, washout and adaptation nights, carryover and period effects, within-person modeling, and attrition are unverified. Do not count two nights as 36 people or two independent trials. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Sequence generation and concealment, washout and adaptation nights, carryover and period effects, within-person modeling, and attrition are unverified. Do not count two nights as 36 people or two independent trials. - Required materials and conditions: Randomized counterbalancing, crossover sequence and washout, and within-person analysis - Materials to obtain first: Crossover schedule, sequence, analysis, and flow diagram - Further research: Connect the same person's conditions, nights, and repeated observations to the same trial. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Randomized counterbalancing, crossover sequence and washout, and within-person analysis. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Randomized counterbalancing, crossover sequence and washout, and within-person analysis - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M08 §8.1–8.2.3; Chamgap adaptation; M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap adaptation; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 on distinguishing studies from reports; cohort and outcome connections are Chamgap adaptations - Related sources: S01 ### N06 · Which outcome does blinded sleep-stage scoring verify? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: Preserve the original account that two scorers unaware of the condition scored sleep stages. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Clinical scales and function in people with insomnia, participant blinding, scoring agreement, missing records, and other assessment procedures are unverified. Do not inherit scorer blinding as a clinical insomnia effect. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Clinical scales and function in people with insomnia, participant blinding, scoring agreement, missing records, and other assessment procedures are unverified. Do not inherit scorer blinding as a clinical insomnia effect. - Required materials and conditions: Polysomnography, scorer blinding, and differences from clinical symptoms - Materials to obtain first: Scoring and measurement procedures and direct clinical results - Further research: Distinguish strengths in physiological measurement from gaps in the clinical question. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Polysomnography, scorer blinding, and differences from clinical symptoms. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Polysomnography, scorer blinding, and differences from clinical symptoms - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap adaptation; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own extrapolation boundary - Related sources: S01 ### N07 · What measure is N3 proportion, and does it represent improvement in insomnia? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original endpoint is N3 as a proportion of total sleep. The original text records a one-night surrogate sleep measure, rather than a clinical outcome of having slept well. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Insomnia symptoms, remission, daytime function, quality of life, and sustained patient-reported outcomes are unverified. Do not replace them with a marker change. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Insomnia symptoms, remission, daytime function, quality of life, and sustained patient-reported outcomes are unverified. Do not replace them with a marker change. - Required materials and conditions: N3 relative to total sleep, sleep-measurement marker, and direct clinical endpoints - Materials to obtain first: Marker definitions and direct clinical endpoint materials for insomnia - Further research: Separate the physiological marker from the patient-centered sustained-improvement question. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: N3 relative to total sleep, sleep-measurement marker, and direct clinical endpoints. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: N3 relative to total sleep, sleep-measurement marker, and direct clinical endpoints - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own limits on extension - Related sources: S01 ### N08 · To what scope do original N3 values, SEM, and adjusted P belong? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: Preserve N3 27.41%±1.70 SEM versus 22.37%±1.65, Bonferroni-adjusted P=.0006, as original values for the one-night comparison in healthy adults. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. The 95% CI is a historical non-reporting account; exact within-person differences, denominators and missingness, and variance and model details are unverified. Do not calculate new differences, CIs, SDs, or insomnia effects. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: The 95% CI is a historical non-reporting account; exact within-person differences, denominators and missingness, and variance and model details are unverified. Do not calculate new differences, CIs, SDs, or insomnia effects. - Required materials and conditions: Condition-specific proportions, dispersion notation, timing, and original analysis - Materials to obtain first: Original N3 results and crossover-model tables - Further research: Distinguish proportions, SEM notation, and tests from the selected clinical question. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Condition-specific proportions, dispersion notation, timing, and original analysis. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Condition-specific proportions, dispersion notation, timing, and original analysis - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are internally designed; M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3, M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; design-specific adaptations are internally designed; M08 §8.2.2, M15 §15.3.1; internal application; M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; internal application - Related sources: S01 ### N09 · Are N2 onset and heart rate the same insomnia outcome? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: N2 onset 10.08±1.54 versus 16.72±5.52 minutes, adjusted P=.006, and no heart-rate condition effect each have their own original context. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Dispersion types for the onset ± values, intervals, denominators, and clinical correspondence in people with insomnia are unverified. Do not turn N2 or heart rate into sustained insomnia improvement or safety certification. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Dispersion types for the onset ± values, intervals, denominators, and clinical correspondence in people with insomnia are unverified. Do not turn N2 or heart rate into sustained insomnia improvement or safety certification. - Required materials and conditions: Other sleep physiology, timing, units, and attribution of non-significance - Materials to obtain first: Other outcome tables and measurement and analysis definitions - Further research: Connect N2, N3, heart rate, and clinical insomnia outcomes separately. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Other sleep physiology, timing, units, and attribution of non-significance. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Other sleep physiology, timing, units, and attribution of non-significance - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap designs; M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; status separation is a Chamgap design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own extrapolation boundary - Related sources: S01 ### N10 · How were the prespecified primary endpoint, Bonferroni adjustment, and selective reporting recorded? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original text records that the original paper did not name a single prespecified primary endpoint and used Bonferroni adjustment. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Registration, plans, and original text have not been compared in this work. Prespecified definitions and tests of sustained insomnia improvement, and selective reporting, are also unverified. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Registration, plans, and original text have not been compared in this work. Prespecified definitions and tests of sustained insomnia improvement, and selective reporting, are also unverified. - Required materials and conditions: Primary and secondary hierarchy, multiplicity, registration, protocol, and SAP - Materials to obtain first: Protocol, SAP, registration, and change history - Further research: Separate historical accounts from the scope of actual verification of prespecified plans. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Primary and secondary hierarchy, multiplicity, registration, protocol, and SAP. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Primary and secondary hierarchy, multiplicity, registration, protocol, and SAP - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits to this material conversion reflect the review scope and Chamgap's own design - Related sources: S01 ### N11 · What were an important N3-change threshold and criteria for insomnia success? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original text records no clinically important N3-increase threshold and non-reporting of a 95% CI. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. Importance and success criteria and direct effects and intervals for sustained insomnia improvement are unverified. Do not substitute the marker P value for a clinical-importance threshold. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Importance and success criteria and direct effects and intervals for sustained insomnia improvement are unverified. Do not substitute the marker P value for a clinical-importance threshold. - Required materials and conditions: Marker importance, clinical importance, intervals, and definitions of success - Materials to obtain first: Evidence on N3 importance and direct insomnia analyses and criteria - Further research: Connect materials that specify importance and analysis separately for the two outcomes. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Marker importance, clinical importance, intervals, and definitions of success. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Marker importance, clinical importance, intervals, and definitions of success - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; Chamgap's own application; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap's own limits on extension - Related sources: S01 ### N12 · Are sustained effects, persistence after stopping, and repeated exposure known? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original materials cover only one night per condition and explicitly state that the effect of continued use is unknown. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. Repeated and long-term exposure, persistence after stopping, and clinical patient follow-up are unverified in these stored materials. Do not newly set a minimum required duration or dose. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Repeated and long-term exposure, persistence after stopping, and clinical patient follow-up are unverified in these stored materials. Do not newly set a minimum required duration or dose. - Required materials and conditions: Continuous and long-term use, follow-up, cessation, and effect persistence - Materials to obtain first: Direct long-term and post-cessation follow-up materials - Further research: Separate a one-night signal from sustained improvement. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Continuous and long-term use, follow-up, cessation, and effect persistence. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Continuous and long-term use, follow-up, cessation, and effect persistence - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence, and effect-modification details are Chamgap designs; M03 §3.2.4, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; question-specific outcome adaptations are Chamgap designs - Related sources: S01 ### N13 · What is known about concurrent exposures, environment, and other treatments? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: There is an original account of a rocking versus stationary comparison in healthy adults. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. Environment, sleep opportunity, caffeine, medication and other interventions, changes by group and period, and actual exposure are unverified. Do not write that there were no other differences. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Environment, sleep opportunity, caffeine, medication and other interventions, changes by group and period, and actual exposure are unverified. Do not write that there were no other differences. - Required materials and conditions: Shared sleep environment, medication and sleep interventions, actual use, and changes - Materials to obtain first: Condition-specific environment, concurrent-intervention, and exposure records - Further research: Separate device exposure from other sleep conditions and interventions. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Shared sleep environment, medication and sleep interventions, actual use, and changes. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Shared sleep environment, medication and sleep interventions, actual use, and changes - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.3, M08 §8.2.2–8.2.3; Chamgap adaptation - Related sources: S01 ### N14 · What are the denominators, attrition, missingness, and selected clinical outcomes? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The preserved sample is 18 people with one night per condition. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. Allocation, completion, endpoint-specific analysis counts, reasons for attrition and missingness, and detailed crossover handling are unverified. Do not repurpose these as clinical insomnia denominators or calculate new missingness. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Allocation, completion, endpoint-specific analysis counts, reasons for attrition and missingness, and detailed crossover handling are unverified. Do not repurpose these as clinical insomnia denominators or calculate new missingness. - Required materials and conditions: Allocation, observation, analysis, condition and endpoint losses, and handling - Materials to obtain first: Flow diagrams and denominators by condition and outcome - Further research: Distinguish the units of people, nights, outcomes, and models. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Allocation, observation, analysis, condition and endpoint losses, and handling. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Allocation, observation, analysis, condition and endpoint losses, and handling - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M15 §15.3 and M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Design-specific adaptation is Chamgap design; M08 §8.2.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application - Related sources: S01 ### N15 · Is the preserved registration wording an actual identifier? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original registration wording is Not confirmed. Preserve the stored summary's wording and leave the actual registration identifier unrecorded. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. This is not a new verification of non-registration or absence of registration or plans. Registration, protocol, and SAP remain unread externally. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: This is not a new verification of non-registration or absence of registration or plans. Registration, protocol, and SAP remain unread externally. - Required materials and conditions: Registration-unconfirmed wording and actual plan and registration status - Materials to obtain first: Actual registration identity, protocol, and SAP - Further research: Record identity separately from unverified and access status. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Registration-unconfirmed wording and actual plan and registration status. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Registration-unconfirmed wording and actual plan and registration status - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M08 Table 8.2.a, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap application; M04 §4.5–4.6 principles for collecting and selecting materials; separation of access and reading and hyperlink rules are Chamgap's own design - Related sources: S01 ### N16 · What were the support and competing-interest declarations? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: Preserve the original support from the Swiss National Science Foundation and University of Geneva and authors' declaration of no competing interests. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Itemized amounts, actual roles, individual employment, patents and declarations, and independent comparisons are unverified. Do not turn declarations into certification of independence. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Itemized amounts, actual roles, individual employment, patents and declarations, and independent comparisons are unverified. Do not turn declarations into certification of independence. - Required materials and conditions: SNSF, University of Geneva, COI, roles, and actual verification - Materials to obtain first: Support, author and COI disclosures, and role statements - Further research: Separate the existence of support from declarations and actual verification levels. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: SNSF, University of Geneva, COI, roles, and actual verification. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: SNSF, University of Geneva, COI, roles, and actual verification - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items. - Related sources: S01 ### N17 · Does non-reporting of bed and motor provision or manufacturer involvement mean actual absence? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original text records that free bed or motor provision and manufacturer involvement were not reported in the original paper. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. The complete original text has not been read in this work; actual absence, analysis, writing and publication support, and detailed relationships are unverified. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: The complete original text has not been read in this work; actual absence, analysis, writing and publication support, and detailed relationships are unverified. - Required materials and conditions: Free product provision, manufacturer, analysis and writing, and author relationships - Materials to obtain first: Product and manufacturer, analysis and writing, and COI disclosures - Further research: Distinguish non-reporting from certification of absence. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Free product provision, manufacturer, analysis and writing, and author relationships. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Free product provision, manufacturer, analysis and writing, and author relationships - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: Chamgap's own conditions for independence and attribution. The official methodological sections used in this example do not validate every detail of these items. - Related sources: S01 ### N18 · What can safety endpoints, adverse-event tables, and heart rate establish? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original text records no prespecified safety endpoints or adverse-event table and no condition effect on heart rate. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Systematic harms, event and exposure denominators, discontinuation, and long-term and vulnerable-group harms are unverified. Do not turn non-significant heart rate into overall device safety or safety in people with insomnia. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Systematic harms, event and exposure denominators, discontinuation, and long-term and vulnerable-group harms are unverified. Do not turn non-significant heart rate into overall device safety or safety in people with insomnia. - Required materials and conditions: Harm collection, denominators, duration, discontinuation, alternatives, and relatedness - Materials to obtain first: Safety collection, event and discontinuation, and long-term materials - Further research: Separate efficacy markers from safety and time scope. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Harm collection, denominators, duration, discontinuation, alternatives, and relatedness. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Harm collection, denominators, duration, discontinuation, alternatives, and relatedness - Application exceptions: Address gaps in safety materials for the selected subclaim. Do not judge safety from N3/heart rate, absence days, or parent safety wording, or create new harm incidence or instructions for sleep treatment, devices, or rehabilitation. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap's own application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; detailed distinctions are Chamgap's own design; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap's own application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4, M04 §4.6.3; Chamgap's own application; M19 §19.1.2–19.2.4; Chamgap's own application; Chamgap's own interpretive boundary. M19 principles are referenced; no official causality tool was run - Related sources: S01 ### N19 · Are the same 18 people, nights, and report being counted as independent replication? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: Connect the context of 18 people, rocking and stationary nights, N3, N2, and heart rate in one Perrault 2019 report and crossover trial. This shares the same stored summary and trial with the other N3 subclaim. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. Related and follow-up reports and external identity and independence comparisons have not been examined. Do not use original R1 and I2, two nights, or other endpoints as new totals of independent clinical trials or participants. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Related and follow-up reports and external identity and independence comparisons have not been examined. Do not use original R1 and I2, two nights, or other endpoints as new totals of independent clinical trials or participants. - Required materials and conditions: Connections between reports, crossover trial, conditions, endpoints, and other subclaims - Materials to obtain first: Registration and related and follow-up report connections - Further research: Distinguish undetermined unique clinical totals from numbers of report materials. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Connections between reports, crossover trial, conditions, endpoints, and other subclaims. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Connections between reports, crossover trial, conditions, endpoints, and other subclaims - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: Study/report distinction in M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2; Cohort/outcome linkage is Chamgap application; M04 §4.6.1–4.6.2 and M15 §15.3.1; Chamgap application - Related sources: S01 ### N20 · Is the scope being extended to other populations, devices, treatment, or sustained improvement? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The original text records that claims should be limited to a one-night increase in a deep-sleep marker and should not be extended to insomnia or sustained effects. - Why unverified: The currently required information remains unverified in the stored summary. Direct materials for patients, other devices and exposures, remission, function, and long-term results are unverified. Do not create device setup, sleep treatment, recommendations, or implementation instructions. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: Direct materials for patients, other devices and exposures, remission, function, and long-term results are unverified. Do not create device setup, sleep treatment, recommendations, or implementation instructions. - Required materials and conditions: Healthy-population signals, patients and other devices, clinical function, and sustained scope - Materials to obtain first: Separate population and device materials and sustained clinical results - Further research: Retain the boundary between a narrow marker study and the selected clinical gap. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Healthy-population signals, patients and other devices, clinical function, and sustained scope. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Healthy-population signals, patients and other devices, clinical function, and sustained scope - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M03 §3.2.1–3.2.4; dose, persistence and effect-modification details are Chamgap's own design; M03 §3.2.4; Chamgap extension boundaries - Related sources: S01 ### N21 · What history do parent values, languages, dates, and empty corrections represent? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: Preserve C54, Unknown safety, unrecorded original precision, false values, empty override reasons, Korean and English text, 2026-08-26, an empty correction array and deliberation string, historical cross-checks, and selected grade ? in the complete stored summary. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. This is not a current search, language or original-text review, correction or retraction verification, subclaim score, or new grade. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: This is not a current search, language or original-text review, correction or retraction verification, subclaim score, or new grade. - Required materials and conditions: C54, unrecorded, false, and empty assessment axes, Korean and English text, cross-checks, and corrections - Materials to obtain first: New corrections, user feedback, and provided materials - Further research: Separate original records from production and correction events. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: C54, unrecorded, false, and empty assessment axes, Korean and English text, cross-checks, and corrections. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: C54, unrecorded, false, and empty assessment axes, Korean and English text, cross-checks, and corrections - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; current material-conversion limits reflect review scope and our own design; M04 §4.6.3, M15 §15.3.1–15.3.3; status distinctions are our own design - Related sources: S01 ### N22 · What are the actual summary-reading and external original-text and plan statuses? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external material unread - Current findings: The complete stored summary, one evidence entry, and one citation were read for production. Connect the original source link and label the summary Summary read and external materials Not read. - Why unverified: Only the relevant information from the stored summary is recorded; detailed original materials remain unread and the original content review is incomplete. External abstracts, full texts, registrations, protocols, SAPs, and disclosures remain unread, and access was not attempted. Do not inherit historical original-text accounts as current full-text reading or review. The original content review remains incomplete. - Reason for missing information: External abstracts, full texts, registrations, protocols, SAPs, and disclosures remain unread, and access was not attempted. Do not inherit historical original-text accounts as current full-text reading or review. - Required materials and conditions: Material type, URL, acquisition, actual reading, and access history - Materials to obtain first: Each original material and actual reading history - Further research: Distinguish existence, acquisition, and reading level for each material. This is a proposal; no new investigation, calculation, or trial was performed. - Conditions for verification: Relevant original materials and analysis scope must be provided, and unverified matters must be distinguishable: Material type, URL, acquisition, actual reading, and access history. This work connects preserved wording; the original content review remains incomplete. - Why this condition is needed: A production item connecting required and currently available materials for the selected question by distinguishing: Material type, URL, acquisition, actual reading, and access history - Application exceptions: Limited to the stored summary for the selected formulation, population, endpoint and period. It does not substitute for numbers from other formulations/trials/endpoints or unread external material. - Remaining uncertainty: This record links preserved-summary statements; it does not establish external-paper comparison, a new efficacy verdict or completed content review. - Referenced methods: M04 §4.5–4.6 material collection/selection principles; acquisition/reading separation and hyperlink specifications are internally designed; M04 §4.5, §4.6.3; limits of this material conversion follow the review scope and internal design - Related sources: S01 ## Evidence and sources ### S01 Perrault AA et al. 2019 [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30686735/) Materials actually read: Summary read; external material unread Findings recorded in the summary: The selected original note records that people with insomnia or long-term use were not tested. N3 27.41%±1.70 SEM versus 22.37%±1.65, adjusted P=.0006; N2 onset 10.08±1.54 versus 16.72±5.52 minutes, P=.006; and no heart-rate condition effect belong to a separate physiological context in healthy adults. Do not create new insomnia effects, differences, CIs, or sustained-effect or safety certification. Record level: Outcome wording in the stored summary Independent replication: Perrault 2019 is a randomized counterbalanced crossover report in which 18 healthy young adults spent one night each with a bed rocking laterally at 0.25 Hz and a stationary bed. N3, N2, and heart rate are different physiological outcomes for the same people, conditions, and nights; this is not a direct clinical trial in people with insomnia or of long-term use. It shares the same stored summary and trial with the other N3 subclaim; do not sum two nights or repeated observations as new participants or independent trials. Report and material counts are not totals of unique clinical trials, participants, or independent replications; undetermined totals remain unrecorded. Do not retroactively turn original replication and independence axes or historical accounts into current identity or independence certification. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored summary | Stored file | Stored summary | Summary read | Only the stored JSON summary and bibliography were used for production. This does not constitute external verification or completed content review. | | External paper | Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status. | | Registration material | Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status. | | Protocol | Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status. | | Statistical analysis plan | Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status. | | Funding, product-support and COI material | Public availability unverified; only bibliography links preserved | Unread; access not attempted | Not read | No external access or click testing was performed in the original preparation. URLs or registration identifiers alone do not upgrade acquisition/reading status. | ## Review criteria and methods These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the relevant sections of official methodological guidance. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score. - M03 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03) · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13 · Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions. · Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution - M04 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04) · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42 · Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported. · Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution - M08 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08) · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a · Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting. · Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution - M15 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15) · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3 · Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision. · Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution - M19 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19) · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4 · Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates. · Preserved method HTML copies; no current method-content re-review or official tool execution ## What the statuses mean - Met: Status for necessary evidence confirmed after existing content review. No completion is declared in the current presentation. - Partly verified: Some information in the stored summary is linked into the table. External comparison/content review is not complete. - Unverified: The article leaves this unverified, or required material is absent from the current stored summary. This is distinct from zero, absence or safety. - Review incomplete: Existing content review remains incomplete. - Not reported: Not reported within the stored material actually read; not extended to the entire primary paper. - Inaccessible: Means an actual access failure. Access not attempted here is not assigned this state. - Not applicable: Not used as a substitute for an evidence gap. - Conflicting data: Requires an observed disagreement under the same comparison criteria; not automatically judged in this production. - Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Marks a gap in additional material required by the selected conditions; not a new efficacy grade. ## Change history 2026-10-11 · Public page/materials 1.0. Reader pages and materials were prepared from the existing 22 items. No new clinical search, change in verification status or scoring was performed.