# Routine thrombus aspiration added × Thirty-day all-cause mortality in STEMI — TASTE evidence sheet Verdict 2918 · Evidence Check Stored-material review date: Not recorded Original evidence cut-off: 2026-08-26 Review-criteria version: 1.0 Public page/material preparation date: 2026-10-10 Clinical papers were not read directly; existing review summaries were checked. No new clinical-literature search was performed. Unverified does not mean that research is absent or that there is no effect. ## Assessment scope - Population: STEMI participants undergoing primary PCI; original detailed eligibility and baseline information not read - Ingredient, formulation and route: Historical conditions of adding routine manual thrombus aspiration before primary PCI - Dose: Original details of the actual procedure, technique, devices, conduits and exposure not read; no guidance on individual implementation, selection or treatment - Comparator: Comparator without routine aspiration added to primary PCI; detailed actual and rescue exposure not read - Measured outcome: Original thirty-day all-cause mortality; neurological harm at discharge considered separately - Duration: Distinguish thirty-day mortality from neurological complications at discharge - Questions outside this scope: Converting the MAIN claim into a subclaim or a new split; Interpreting a null result or CI as an exact zero effect, equivalence or absence of all harm; Independently adding participants or reports shared across other comparative verdicts or time points; Calculating new survival rates, event counts or differences from mortality rates; Recommendations on individual procedures, surgery, devices, treatment selection or implementation ## Checklist items ### N01 · Were the selected claim and existing verdict record distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The selected claim is reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in STEMI; the root grade D, score 34, Good safety label and axes E0/I1/B0/C0 are preserved. Distinguish the existing history from the current verdict record. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not turn the MAIN claim into a subclaim or introduce parent-inheritance or missing-subclaim-score explanations. Preserve the actual values, presence or absence and original verdict without a new verdict or split. - Reason for missing information: Do not turn the MAIN claim into a subclaim or introduce parent-inheritance or missing-subclaim-score explanations. Preserve the actual values, presence or absence and original verdict without a new verdict or split. - Required materials and conditions: Preservation of the existing claim wording, verdict values, history and empty values - Materials to obtain first: Do not turn the MAIN claim into a subclaim or introduce parent-inheritance or missing-subclaim-score explanations. Preserve the actual values, presence or absence and original verdict without a new verdict or split. - Further research: Link original materials and decisions to the actual MAIN question and root verdict record. - Conditions for verification: Preservation of the existing claim wording, verdict values, history and empty values - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N02 · What are the actual population, eligibility and baseline for primary PCI in STEMI? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: TASTE asks about adding routine manual thrombus aspiration to primary PCI in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Detailed diagnosis, onset and treatment times, shock and thrombus risks, eligibility, exclusions and institution-specific characteristics are not detailed in the summary. - Reason for missing information: Detailed diagnosis, onset and treatment times, shock and thrombus risks, eligibility, exclusions and institution-specific characteristics are not detailed in the summary. - Required materials and conditions: Original STEMI, entry time, PCI, eligibility, institutions and denominators - Materials to obtain first: Detailed diagnosis, onset and treatment times, shock and thrombus risks, eligibility, exclusions and institution-specific characteristics are not detailed in the summary. - Further research: Obtain original population, diagnosis, eligibility, time points, institutions, baseline and denominator materials. - Conditions for verification: Original STEMI, entry time, PCI, eligibility, institutions and denominators - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N03 · Do routine aspiration added, PCI itself and selective aspiration involve the same comparison? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original question is adding routine manual thrombus aspiration before primary PCI. Verdict 1791 is a different comparison concerning PCI itself. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not transfer the finding to selective or rescue aspiration, other devices or PCI-versus-thrombolysis effects. Device, actual-use, antithrombotic and concurrent-treatment details were not read; no procedural-method or selection instructions are supplied. - Reason for missing information: Do not transfer the finding to selective or rescue aspiration, other devices or PCI-versus-thrombolysis effects. Device, actual-use, antithrombotic and concurrent-treatment details were not read; no procedural-method or selection instructions are supplied. - Required materials and conditions: Original additional procedure, comparator, common PCI, actual exposure and concurrent treatment - Materials to obtain first: Do not transfer the finding to selective or rescue aspiration, other devices or PCI-versus-thrombolysis effects. Device, actual-use, antithrombotic and concurrent-treatment details were not read; no procedural-method or selection instructions are supplied. - Further research: Obtain original aspiration, comparator, actual implementation, rescue, crossover and common-treatment materials. - Conditions for verification: Original additional procedure, comparator, common PCI, actual exposure and concurrent treatment - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N04 · Are SWEDEHEART registry randomization and observational associations distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The source records a SWEDEHEART-based registry RCT that made recruitment, randomization and follow-up more efficient. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not turn registry use into an observational design or use routine-care efficiency as certification of every effect or of safety. Detailed data collection and institutional scope were not read. - Reason for missing information: Do not turn registry use into an observational design or use routine-care efficiency as certification of every effect or of safety. Detailed data collection and institutional scope were not read. - Required materials and conditions: Original recruitment, randomization, registry follow-up, analysis and institutions - Materials to obtain first: Do not turn registry use into an observational design or use routine-care efficiency as certification of every effect or of safety. Detailed data collection and institutional scope were not read. - Further research: Obtain original registry recruitment, allocation, follow-up, ascertainment and denominators. - Conditions for verification: Original recruitment, randomization, registry follow-up, analysis and institutions - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N05 · Were the 7,244 participants and each group's mortality denominators preserved in their original form? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original source records 7,244 participants: aspiration 103/3621 (2.8%) versus control 110/3623 (3.0%). - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not independently add people, repeated events, institutions or related verdicts. No new death or participant totals, proportions, NNT or follow-up rates are calculated. - Reason for missing information: Do not independently add people, repeated events, institutions or related verdicts. No new death or participant totals, proportions, NNT or follow-up rates are calculated. - Required materials and conditions: Original allocation, groups, deaths, analysis and follow-up denominators - Materials to obtain first: Do not independently add people, repeated events, institutions or related verdicts. No new death or participant totals, proportions, NNT or follow-up rates are calculated. - Further research: Obtain original allocation, analysis, group denominators, events and follow-up tables. - Conditions for verification: Original allocation, groups, deaths, analysis and follow-up denominators - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N06 · What are the thirty-day all-cause mortality definition and national-registry ascertainment? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original primary endpoint is thirty-day all-cause mortality; national death-registry follow-up is recorded as the original basis for a hard endpoint. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not replace this with cause-specific effects, cardiovascular mortality, long-term survival or a periprocedural period. Detailed reference points, events outside the country and ascertainment procedures were not read. - Reason for missing information: Do not replace this with cause-specific effects, cardiovascular mortality, long-term survival or a periprocedural period. Detailed reference points, events outside the country and ascertainment procedures were not read. - Required materials and conditions: Death definition, reference point, thirty-day window, registry and external events - Materials to obtain first: Do not replace this with cause-specific effects, cardiovascular mortality, long-term survival or a periprocedural period. Detailed reference points, events outside the country and ascertainment procedures were not read. - Further research: Obtain original death definitions, time points, ascertainment, registry linkage and denominators. - Conditions for verification: Death definition, reference point, thirty-day window, registry and external events - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N07 · Are HR 0.94, the 95% CI of 0.72–1.22 and the original −0.2 percentage points preserved? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original thirty-day mortality HR is 0.94 (95% CI 0.72–1.22), with an absolute difference of −0.2 percentage points. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not turn this into an RR, an individual protection rate or a reverse-direction effect. Do not fill in absent original P values, an absolute-difference CI or adjusted models; no new calculations are performed. - Reason for missing information: Do not turn this into an RR, an individual protection rate or a reverse-direction effect. Do not fill in absent original P values, an absolute-difference CI or adjusted models; no new calculations are performed. - Required materials and conditions: Original time-to-event effect, comparison direction, interval, absolute difference and model - Materials to obtain first: Do not turn this into an RR, an individual protection rate or a reverse-direction effect. Do not fill in absent original P values, an absolute-difference CI or adjusted models; no new calculations are performed. - Further research: Obtain original effect direction, models, tests, CI and denominators. - Conditions for verification: Original time-to-event effect, comparison direction, interval, absolute difference and model - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N08 · Were the null result and CI tails allowing benefit and harm distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The source describes remaining possibilities of substantial benefit and harm, without establishing absence of benefit; the CI lower bound of 0.72 leaves room for a reduction. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not interpret a null result as an exact zero effect, equivalence or absence of all risk. No new MCID, power calculation, margin or hypothetical numbers are supplied. - Reason for missing information: Do not interpret a null result as an exact zero effect, equivalence or absence of all risk. No new MCID, power calculation, margin or hypothetical numbers are supplied. - Required materials and conditions: Original interval, clinical boundaries, precision and interpretation - Materials to obtain first: Do not interpret a null result as an exact zero effect, equivalence or absence of all risk. No new MCID, power calculation, margin or hypothetical numbers are supplied. - Further research: Obtain original clinical boundaries, precision, denominators and assumptions. - Conditions for verification: Original interval, clinical boundaries, precision and interpretation - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N09 · Were the roles of online allocation, unmasked procedures, objective mortality and ITT distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original text records online registry randomization before PCI, unmasked procedures, the national death registry, ITT and complete thirty-day vital-status follow-up as the historical basis for B0. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. This is not a new original-paper review, a finding of no bias or certification of complete follow-up for every outcome. Operator, analyst, institutional and intervention-crossover details were not read. - Reason for missing information: This is not a new original-paper review, a finding of no bias or certification of complete follow-up for every outcome. Operator, analyst, institutional and intervention-crossover details were not read. - Required materials and conditions: Allocation, concealment, blinding, event ascertainment, analysis and missingness - Materials to obtain first: This is not a new original-paper review, a finding of no bias or certification of complete follow-up for every outcome. Operator, analyst, institutional and intervention-crossover details were not read. - Further research: Obtain original allocation, ascertainment, actual procedures, analysis and missing-data materials. - Conditions for verification: Allocation, concealment, blinding, event ascertainment, analysis and missingness - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N10 · What are the access gaps for registration, prespecified thirty-day mortality, hierarchy and subgroups? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The historical consistency of the original registration identifier NCT01093404 with the prespecified primary endpoint of thirty-day all-cause mortality is preserved. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Registration and plans were not newly read; multiplicity, test P values, prespecified risk subgroups and analysis changes were not newly established. - Reason for missing information: Registration and plans were not newly read; multiplicity, test P values, prespecified risk subgroups and analysis changes were not newly established. - Required materials and conditions: Registration, protocol, SAP, hierarchy, changes and models - Materials to obtain first: Registration and plans were not newly read; multiplicity, test P values, prespecified risk subgroups and analysis changes were not newly established. - Further research: Obtain original registration, plans, hierarchy, subgroups, changes and models. - Conditions for verification: Registration, protocol, SAP, hierarchy, changes and models - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N11 · Was the finding extended to longer periods, specific patients, rescue aspiration or procedural mechanisms? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original core outcome is thirty-day all-cause mortality with routine aspiration added; the original explanation says that performing thrombus removal does not imply a survival benefit. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not create effects or suitability findings for other periods, specific thrombus groups, rescue procedures or all aspiration. No implementation or treatment instructions are supplied. - Reason for missing information: Do not create effects or suitability findings for other periods, specific thrombus groups, rescue procedures or all aspiration. No implementation or treatment instructions are supplied. - Required materials and conditions: Periods, populations, selective exposure and direct clinical outcomes - Materials to obtain first: Do not create effects or suitability findings for other periods, specific thrombus groups, rescue procedures or all aspiration. No implementation or treatment instructions are supplied. - Further research: Obtain original direct subgroup and period-specific outcomes, interactions and actual exposure. - Conditions for verification: Periods, populations, selective exposure and direct clinical outcomes - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N12 · What are the 1791 cross-citation, trial question and relationships within the same report? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original 1791 link is a cross-citation distinguishing the effect of primary PCI itself from adding aspiration. The original outcomes of one TASTE report are preserved. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Verdict 1791's target and original papers were not newly read or used as direct replication of the same question or added participants. Independent counts and total participants remain null. - Reason for missing information: Verdict 1791's target and original papers were not newly read or used as direct replication of the same question or added participants. Independent counts and total participants remain null. - Required materials and conditions: Original bibliography, related verdict, additional-procedure question and cohort relationships - Materials to obtain first: Verdict 1791's target and original papers were not newly read or used as direct replication of the same question or added participants. Independent counts and total participants remain null. - Further research: Link new reports by original identifier, cohort and question. - Conditions for verification: Original bibliography, related verdict, additional-procedure question and cohort relationships - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N13 · Were public and regional support distinguished from unrestricted grants from three companies? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: Swedish Research Council and local or regional association support, and unrestricted research grants from Terumo, Medtronic and Vascular Solutions, are preserved with the original I1. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Public support alone does not certify absence of company involvement, complete independence or absence of device provision. Employee authors, in-kind support and design, analysis and writing roles were separately not read. - Reason for missing information: Public support alone does not certify absence of company involvement, complete independence or absence of device provision. Employee authors, in-kind support and design, analysis and writing roles were separately not read. - Required materials and conditions: Cash, devices, in-kind support, affiliations, external analysis and research roles - Materials to obtain first: Public support alone does not certify absence of company involvement, complete independence or absence of device provision. Employee authors, in-kind support and design, analysis and writing roles were separately not read. - Further research: Obtain original funding, devices, in-kind support, affiliation, design, analysis and writing disclosures. - Conditions for verification: Cash, devices, in-kind support, affiliations, external analysis and research roles - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N14 · What is the window for stroke or neurological complications of 0.5% and P=.87 at discharge? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original values for stroke or neurological complications at discharge are 0.5% versus 0.5%, P=.87. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not transfer the discharge window to thirty-day or long-term events or create original participant counts, CI, relatedness or equivalence. Composite type, denominators and original ascertainment procedures were not read. - Reason for missing information: Do not transfer the discharge window to thirty-day or long-term events or create original participant counts, CI, relatedness or equivalence. Composite type, denominators and original ascertainment procedures were not read. - Required materials and conditions: Harm definitions, observation window, people and events, original denominators and tests - Materials to obtain first: Do not transfer the discharge window to thirty-day or long-term events or create original participant counts, CI, relatedness or equivalence. Composite type, denominators and original ascertainment procedures were not read. - Further research: Obtain original harm definitions, people, events, periods, denominators, CI and tests. - Conditions for verification: Harm definitions, observation window, people and events, original denominators and tests - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N15 · What are the original Good safety label, no-increase finding and gaps in rare or long-term harms? Verification status: Unverified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The original Good safety label and description of neurological events at discharge are preserved as history. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. Do not extend equal proportions or P values, or no increase, to absence of all harm, long-term safety or effects of every device. Other harms, discontinuation, crossover and safety-population details were not read. - Reason for missing information: Do not extend equal proportions or P values, or no increase, to absence of all harm, long-term safety or effects of every device. Other harms, discontinuation, crossover and safety-population details were not read. - Required materials and conditions: Other harms, relatedness, actual exposure, collection and long-term follow-up - Materials to obtain first: Do not extend equal proportions or P values, or no increase, to absence of all harm, long-term safety or effects of every device. Other harms, discontinuation, crossover and safety-population details were not read. - Further research: Obtain original overall-harm, exposure, relatedness, discontinuation, denominator and rare or long-term materials. - Conditions for verification: Other harms, relatedness, actual exposure, collection and long-term follow-up - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ### N16 · Were the summary, paper and related-verdict URLs, registration identifier and actual access distinguished? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: The entire stored summary of the designated existing verdict was read for preparation, and the original source links and registration identifier were linked. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. External abstracts, full texts, registrations, protocols, SAP and related-verdict targets were not read, and no separate link testing was performed. Do not create new URLs, DOI or original-study information. - Reason for missing information: External abstracts, full texts, registrations, protocols, SAP and related-verdict targets were not read, and no separate link testing was performed. Do not create new URLs, DOI or original-study information. - Required materials and conditions: Original bibliography, URLs, registration, material-specific access and cross-citations - Materials to obtain first: External abstracts, full texts, registrations, protocols, SAP and related-verdict targets were not read, and no separate link testing was performed. Do not create new URLs, DOI or original-study information. - Further research: Link user-provided original materials by material type and actual access. - Conditions for verification: Original bibliography, URLs, registration, material-specific access and cross-citations - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01, R02 ### N17 · Were MAIN languages, dates, corrections, empty arrays, false/null, empty values and candidate history preserved? Verification status: Partly verified Reading scope: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read - Current findings: Preserve 2026-08-26, empty corrections/subclaims arrays, the empty deliberation string, root grade/score/safety/axes, Korean and English, false/null and empty values unchanged. - Why unverified: Only the relevant stored-summary information is recorded; detailed original materials and user review remain outstanding. This root record is not a case of missing subclaim scores or parent inheritance. Original verification and path checks, B0, support and safety assessments are historical, not a completed current review. Original candidate pending/eligible states are also historical. - Reason for missing information: This root record is not a case of missing subclaim scores or parent inheritance. Original verification and path checks, B0, support and safety assessments are historical, not a completed current review. Original candidate pending/eligible states are also historical. - Required materials and conditions: Original root verdict, Korean and English, cut-off, corrections, history and presence or absence - Materials to obtain first: This root record is not a case of missing subclaim scores or parent inheritance. Original verification and path checks, B0, support and safety assessments are historical, not a completed current review. Original candidate pending/eligible states are also historical. - Further research: Link user materials and decisions to full original preservation and separate events. - Conditions for verification: Original root verdict, Korean and English, cut-off, corrections, history and presence or absence - Why this condition is needed: An individual preparation condition recording the population, endpoint, denominator, period, efficacy, harm and report relationships of the existing native MAIN claim - Application exceptions: Do not use unread materials, other questions, institutions or periods, or out-of-scope outcomes as substitutes for meeting a condition, a zero effect or safety. - Remaining uncertainty: Unread or unverified does not mean a zero effect, zero events, safety or new clinical certification - Referenced methods: Selected claim: Reduced thirty-day all-cause mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction - Related sources: R01 ## Evidence and sources ### R01 Fröbert O, et al. N Engl J Med. 2013. PMID: 23991656. [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23991656/) Materials actually read: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read Findings recorded in the summary: 2.8% versus 3.0%; HR 0.94 (95% CI 0.72–1.22); absolute difference −0.2 percentage points Record level: Existing review summary; external papers were not compared during this preparation Independent replication: Family IDs link relationships and do not certify independent counts; reports, periods, events, institutions, cross-citations and participants are not independently added. F01: the same RCT, efficacy, harm and cohort shared by the designated MAIN claim. F02: an existing-verdict cross-citation concerning another population or comparator; target not read and independent replication not certified. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored existing review summary | Original URL preserved | Summary read | Summary read | Report-specific summary links within the same stored summary | | External abstract | Original URL preserved | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | | External full paper | No separate original URL | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | | External registration | No separate original URL | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | | External protocol and SAP | No separate original URL | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | ### R02 Chamgap 1791 Primary PCI × STEMI [Official source](https://chamgap.com/verdicts/heart/primary-pci-stemi-versus-fibrinolysis/) Materials actually read: Summary read; external materials and linked targets not read Findings recorded in the summary: Distinguish the effect of PCI itself from the null result for aspiration added. Record level: Original cross-citation concerning another population or comparator; not direct MAIN evidence or independent replication Independent replication: Family IDs link relationships and do not certify independent counts; reports, periods, events, institutions, cross-citations and participants are not independently added. F01: the same RCT, efficacy, harm and cohort shared by the designated MAIN claim. F02: an existing-verdict cross-citation concerning another population or comparator; target not read and independent replication not certified. | Material | Public availability | Access status | Actually read | Notes | |---|---|---|---|---| | Stored existing review summary | Original URL preserved | Summary read | Summary read | Report-specific summary links within the same stored summary | | Original related-verdict link | Original URL preserved | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | | External full paper | No separate original URL | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | | External registration | No separate original URL | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | | External protocol and SAP | No separate original URL | Not read | Not read | External materials and related-verdict targets not read; a URL does not certify reading or review | ## Review criteria and methods These are Chamgap's own application conditions, informed by the relevant sections of official methodological guidance. They do not constitute official assessment-tool certification or a new efficacy score. - M03 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-03) · §3.1, §3.2.1–3.2.3, MECIR C5/C7/C13 · Clearly record the question, eligibility conditions and reasons for changes, and distinguish variations in interventions. · Existing stored methodological links reused for preparation; no current review, reassessment of methodological content or external-link testing - M04 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5.1 (2025), chapter updated 2025-03](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-04) · §4.5, §4.6.1–4.6.3, MECIR C42 · Distinguish studies from reports and link them; do not omit a study solely because results are unreported. · Existing stored methodological links reused for preparation; no current review, reassessment of methodological content or external-link testing - M08 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-08) · §8.1–8.2.3, Table 8.2.a · Define the outcome and effect of interest, then examine randomization, deviations, missing data, measurement and selective reporting. · Existing stored methodological links reused for preparation; no current review, reassessment of methodological content or external-link testing - M15 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2023-08](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-15) · §15.2.4, §15.3.1–15.3.3 · Distinguish effect estimates, intervals, importance and applicability. Sample size alone does not determine precision. · Existing stored methodological links reused for preparation; no current review, reassessment of methodological content or external-link testing - M19 [Cochrane Handbook 6.5 (2024), chapter updated 2019-10](https://www.cochrane.org/authors/handbooks-and-manuals/handbook/current/chapter-19) · §19.1.2, §19.2.1–19.2.4 · Harm questions may require different designs, populations and follow-up from efficacy questions. Case reports do not establish incidence rates. · Existing stored methodological links reused for preparation; no current review, reassessment of methodological content or external-link testing ## What the statuses mean - Partly verified: Some information is present in the stored source, with detailed original materials still unverified; this does not mean review passed or clinical efficacy certified - Unverified: Detailed materials for the selected condition could not be established within the stored scope; this does not mean zero effect, zero studies or safety - Review incomplete: Awaiting user review - Met: Use only within the relevant condition's scope after user review; no automatic display in this preparation - Not reported: Distinguish only within materials actually read; do not turn unread external materials into unreported findings - Inaccessible: Not applied during this preparation because actual access was not tested - Not applicable: Use with a reason for non-applicability based on an explicit question boundary - Conflicting data: Judge after actual material comparison; review was not performed during this preparation - Insufficient evidence for the conditions: Do not use as a clinical grade encompassing currently unread materials ## Change history 2026-10-10 · Public page/materials 1.0. Public pages and materials were prepared from the existing 17 items. No new clinical search, verification-status changes or scoring was performed.